Kapitel-Kommentar
Matthew Kapitel 19
1
Mt 19:1-12.
Englisches Original
Mt 19:1-12.
FINAL DEPARTURE FROM GALILEE--DIVORCE. ( =
Mr 10:1-12; Lu 9:51).
Farewell to Galilee
(Mt 19:1, 2).
1. And it came to pass, that when Jesus had finished these sayings, he departed from Galilee--This marks a very solemn period in our Lord's public ministry. So slightly is it touched here, and in the corresponding passage of Mark
(Mr 10:1),
that few readers probably note it as the Redeemer's Farewell to Galilee, which however it was. See on the sublime statement of Luke
(Lu 9:51),
which relates to the same transition stage in the progress of our Lord's work.
and came into the coasts--or, boundaries
of Judea beyond Jordan--that is, to the further, or east side of the Jordan, into Perea, the dominions of Herod Antipas. But though one might conclude from our Evangelist that our Lord went straight from the one region to the other, we know from the other Gospels that a considerable time elapsed between the departure from the one and the arrival at the other, during which many of the most important events in our Lord's public life occurred--probably a large part of what is recorded in
Lu 9:51, onward to Lu 18:15,
and part of
Joh 7:2-11:54.
2
Ohne Titel
2. そして大群衆がついてきた。そして主はそこで彼らをいやされた—マルコはさらに
(Mr 10:1)
「いつものように、彼らを教えられた」と言う。私たちが今持つ離縁に関する事柄は、その教えの一部である。
Englisches Original
2. And great multitudes followed him; and he healed them there--Mark says further
(Mr 10:1),
that "as He was wont, He taught them there." What we now have on the subject of divorce is some of that teaching.
3
Ohne Titel
離縁
(Mt 19:3-12)。
3. Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife for every cause?——（
Mt 5:31
で見たように）二つの対立する学派がこの問題をめぐって分かれていた。デ・ヴェッテが適切に指摘するように、ヘロデ・アンティパスの領地では微妙な問題であった。
Englisches Original
Divorce
(Mt 19:3-12).
3. Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife for every cause?--Two rival schools (as we saw on
Mt 5:31)
were divided on this question--a delicate one, as DE WETTE pertinently remarks, in the dominions of Herod Antipas.
4
Ohne Titel
4. And he answered and said unto them, Have ye not read, that he which made them at the beginning made them male and female——あるいはより適切には、「彼らを造られた方が、初めから彼らを男と女として造られた」という意味であろう。
Englisches Original
4. And he answered and said unto them, Have ye not read, that he which made them at the beginning made them male and female--or better, perhaps, "He that made them made them from the beginning a male and a female."
5
Ohne Titel
5. And said, For this cause——この神の定めを貫くために。shall a man leave father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife: and they twain shall be one flesh?——イエスはここで彼らを、人間の原初の構成——一組の、雄と雌——に、またそのようなものとしての神の定めによる結婚に、さらに聖なる史家によって表現された神の目的——すべての時を通じて、一人の男と一人の女が結婚によって一つの肉となり、両者が肉にある限りそうあり続けること——に立ち返らせる。これが神の定めであるなら、人は理由のない離婚によってこれを打ち破ってはならない。
Englisches Original
5. And said, For this cause--to follow out this divine appointment.
shall a man leave father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife: and they twain shall be one flesh?--Jesus here sends them back to the original constitution of man as one pair, a male and a female; to their marriage, as such, by divine appointment; and to the purpose of God, expressed by the sacred historian, that in all time one man and one woman should by marriage become one flesh--so to continue as long as both are in the flesh. This being God's constitution, let not man break it up by causeless divorces.
7
Ohne Titel
7. They say unto him, Why did Moses then command to give a writing of divorcement, and to put her away?
8
Ohne Titel
8. He saith to them, Moses——民事の立法者として。because of——または「考慮に入れて」。the hardness of your hearts——あなたがたの低い道徳状態と、本来の律法の厳格さに耐えられないことを見て。suffered you to put away your wives——結婚の絆の厳格さの緩和を許容された——是認としてではなく、さらに大きな悪を防ぐために。But from the beginning it was not so——このモーセ的緩和が一時的で純粋に民事的な性格であることを聴衆に印象づけるため、繰り返される。
Englisches Original
8. He saith unto them, Moses--as a civil lawgiver.
because of--or "having respect to."
the hardness of your hearts--looking to your low moral state, and your inability to endure the strictness of the original law.
suffered you to put away your wives--tolerated a relaxation of the strictness of the marriage bond--not as approving of it, but to prevent still greater evils.
But from the beginning it was not so--This is repeated, in order to impress upon His audience the temporary and purely civil character of this Mosaic relaxation.
9
Ohne Titel
9. And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except, &c.——（
Mt 5:32
参照）。
Englisches Original
9. And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except, &c.--See on
Mt 5:32.
10
Ohne Titel
10. His disciples say unto him, If the case of the man be so with his wife, it is not good to marry——すなわち、「結婚をこのように見るなら、それは祝福というよりむしろ罠となるにちがいなく、完全に避けた方がよい」。
Englisches Original
10. His disciples say unto him, If the case of the man be so with his wife, it is not good to marry--that is, "In this view of marriage, surely it must prove a snare rather than a blessing, and had better be avoided altogether."
11
Ohne Titel
11. But he said unto them, All men cannot receive this saying, save they to whom it is given——すなわち、「独身の状態がより良いということばは、すべての人のためではなく、実際には神がそれを意図された者だけのためである」。しかし彼らは当然、ではその人たちはだれかと尋ねたであろう。これについて主は次に三つの点から説明される。
Englisches Original
11. But he said unto them, All men cannot receive this saying, save they to whom it is given--that is, "That the unmarried state is better, is a saying not for everyone, and indeed only for such as it is divinely intended for." But who are these? they would naturally ask; and this our Lord proceeds to tell them in three particulars.
12
Ohne Titel
12. For there are some eunuchs which were so born from their mother's womb——体質的に結婚できない、あるいは結婚に向かない人々。and there are some eunuchs which were made eunuchs of men——他人によって能力を奪われた人々。and there be eunuchs which have made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven's sake——神のわざをよりよく行うために、意図的にこの状態を選ぶ人々。パウロがその一人であった（
1Co 7:7
）。He that is able to receive it, let him receive it——「これが自分の正当な召しだと感じる者は、それを受け入れよ」。もちろん、これは「そのような者だけ」というに等い。こうして、このことにおいてすべての人は自由に残されている。
Englisches Original
12. For there are some eunuchs which were so born from their mother's womb--persons constitutionally either incapable of or indisposed to marriage.
and there are some eunuchs which were made eunuchs of men--persons rendered incapable by others.
and there be eunuchs which have made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven's sake--persons who, to do God's work better, deliberately choose this state. Such was Paul
(1Co 7:7).
He that is able to receive it, let him receive it--"He who feels this to be his proper vocation, let him embrace it"; which, of course, is as much as to say--"he only." Thus, all are left free in this matter.
13
Mt 19:13-15.
Mt 19:13-15.
幼な子たちが キリストに 連れられて 来る。 ( =
Mr 10:13-16; Lu 18:15-17)。
解説は、
Lu 18:15-17
を参照されたい。
Englisches Original
Mt 19:13-15.
LITTLE CHILDREN BROUGHT TO CHRIST. ( =
Mr 10:13-16; Lu 18:15-17).
For the exposition, see on
Lu 18:15-17.
16
Mt 19:16-30.
Mt 19:16-30.
富める 若き 支配者。 ( =
Mr 10:17-31; Lu 18:18-30)。
解説は、
Lu 18:18-30
を参照されたい。
Englisches Original
Mt 19:16-30.
THE RICH YOUNG RULER. ( =
Mr 10:17-31; Lu 18:18-30).
For the exposition, see on
Lu 18:18-30.
Mt 19:1-12.
ガリラヤからの 最終 出発— 離縁。 ( = Mr 10:1-12; Lu 9:51)。
ガリラヤへの別れ
(Mt 19:1, 2)。
1. イエスはこれらの言葉を語り終えられてのち、ガリラヤを去って行かれた—これは主の公の奉仕における非常に厳粛な時期を記す。ここで、またマルコの対応箇所
(Mr 10:1)
において、わずかに触れられているので、おそらく数名の読者しかこれを贖い主のガリラヤへの別れとして注意しないであろうが、事実そうであった。主の働きの進展における同じ移行段階に関するルカの荘厳な記述
(Lu 9:51)
を参照されたい。
そして〜の境に入られた—あるいは、境界に
ヨルダンの向こうのユダへ—すなわちヨルダンの向こう側、東側、ペレア、ヘロデ・アンティパスの領地へ。しかしこれら二つの地方の一方から他方へまっすぐ行ったと伝道者から結論するかもしれないが、他の福音書から、一方からの出発と他方への到着の間にかなりの時間が経過し、その間に主の公の生涯の最も重要な出来事の多くが起こったことを知る—おそらく
Lu 9:51
から Lu 18:15、および
Joh 7:2-11:54
の一部の大部分。