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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
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Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
Isaiah Chapter 28 1 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Isaiah Chapter 28 2 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
2. strong one--the Assyrian
(Isa 10:5).
cast down--namely, Ephraim
(Isa 28:1)
and Samaria, its crown.
with . . . hand--with violence
(Isa 8:11).
Isaiah Chapter 28 3 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
3. crown . . . the drunkards--rather, "the crown of the drunkards."
Isaiah Chapter 28 4 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
4. Rather, "the fading flower, their glorious beauty
(Isa 28:1),
which is on the head of the fat (fertile) valley, shall be as the early fig" [G. V. SMITH]. Figs usually ripened in August; but earlier ones (Hebrew bikkurah, Spanish bokkore) in June, and were regarded as a delicacy
(Jer 24:2; Ho 9:10; Mic 7:1).
while it is yet--that is, immediately, without delay; describing the eagerness of the Assyrian Shalmaneser, not merely to conquer, but to destroy utterly Samaria; whereas other conquered cities were often spared.
Isaiah Chapter 28 5 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
5-13. The prophet now turns to Judah; a gracious promise to the remnant ("residue"); a warning lest through like sins Judah should share the fate of Samaria.
crown--in antithesis to the "fading crown" of Ephraim
(Isa 28:1, 3).
the residue--primarily, Judah, in the prosperous reign of Hezekiah
(2Ki 18:7),
antitypically, the elect of God; as He here is called their "crown and diadem," so are they called His
(Isa 62:3);
a beautiful reciprocity.
Isaiah Chapter 28 6 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
6. Jehovah will inspire their magistrates with justice, and their soldiers with strength of spirit.
turn . . . battle to . . . gate--the defenders of their country who not only repel the foe from themselves, but drive him to the gates of his own cities
(2Sa 11:23; 2Ki 18:8).
Isaiah Chapter 28 7 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
7. Though Judah is to survive the fall of Ephraim, yet "they also" (the men of Judah) have perpetrated like sins to those of Samaria
(Isa 5:3, 11),
which must be chastised by God.
erred . . . are out of the way--"stagger . . . reel." Repeated, to express the frequency of the vice.
priest . . . prophet--If the ministers of religion sin so grievously, how much more the other rulers
(Isa 56:10, 12)!
vision--even in that most sacred function of the prophet to declare God's will revealed to them.
judgment--The priests had the administration of the law committed to them
(De 17:9; 19:17).
It was against the law for the priests to take wine before entering the tabernacle
(Le 10:9; Eze 44:21).
Isaiah Chapter 28 9 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
9, 10. Here the drunkards are introduced as scoffingly commenting on Isaiah's warnings: "Whom will he (does Isaiah presume to) teach knowledge? And whom will He make to understand instruction? Is it those (that is, does he take us to be) just weaned, &c.? For (he is constantly repeating, as if to little children) precept upon precept," &c.
line--a rule or law. [MAURER]. The repetition of sounds in Hebrew tzav latzav, tzav latzav, qav laqav, qav laquav, expresses the scorn of the imitators of Isaiah's speaking; he spoke stammering
(Isa 28:11).
God's mode of teaching offends by its simplicity the pride of sinners
(2Ki 5:11, 12; 1Co 1:23).
Stammerers as they were by drunkenness, and children in knowledge of God, they needed to be spoken to in the language of children, and "with stammering lips" (compare
Mt 13:13).
A just and merciful retribution.
Isa 28:1-29.
The twenty-eighth through thirty-third chapters form almost one continuous prophecy concerning the destruction of Ephraim, the impiety and folly of Judah, the danger of their league with Egypt, the straits they would be reduced to by Assyria, from which Jehovah would deliver them on their turning to Him; the twenty-eighth chapter refers to the time just before the sixth year of Hezekiak's reign, the rest not very long before his fourteenth year.
1. crown of pride--Hebrew for "proud crown of the drunkards," &c. [HORSLEY], namely, Samaria, the capital of Ephraim, or Israel. "Drunkards," literally
(Isa 28:7, 8; Isa 5:11, 22; Am 4:1; 6:1-6)
and metaphorically, like drunkards, rushing on to their own destruction.
beauty . . . flower--"whose glorious beauty or ornament is a fading flower." Carrying on the image of "drunkards"; it was the custom at feasts to wreathe the brow with flowers; so Samaria, "which is (not as English Version, 'which are') upon the head of the fertile valley," that is, situated on a hill surrounded with the rich valleys as a garland
(1Ki 16:24);
but the garland is "fading," as garlands often do, because Ephraim is now close to ruin (compare
Isa 16:8);
fulfilled 721 B.C.
(2Ki 17:6, 24).