Bible Commentaries

And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

And the Lord spake. — Yielding to the people’s importunity, and winking at their infidelity; for he had before spied out the land for them, Ezekiel 20:6 and searched it out, Deuteronomy 1:33 but that satisfied them not; seeing was, with them, believing. See Deuteronomy 1:22 .

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Send thou men, that they may search the land of Canaan, which I give unto the children of Israel: of every tribe of their fathers shall ye send a man, every one a ruler among them.

Every one a ruler amongst them. — That might be, as Uriah and Zachariah, Isaiah 8:2 faithful witnesses; for lying lips become not a prince. Proverbs 17:7

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And Moses by the commandment of the LORD sent them from the wilderness of Paran: all those men [were] heads of the children of Israel.

By the commandment of the Lord. — That is, by his permission; See Trapp on " Numbers 13:1 " God’s command was, that they should forthwith, without any further search, go up and possess the land. Deuteronomy 1:21 Now wicked men are esteemed unjust, because they act against God’s command, though according to his decree; like as believers are esteemed just, not because they obey God’s decree, but his command.

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Of the tribe of Judah, Caleb the son of Jephunneh.

Caleb. — A hearty man, according to his name; as Bishop Hooper, martyr, was called hearty Hooper; and as one of our Richards was called Coeur-de-lion. It is now but two days since, from a sweet friend, That religious matron Mrs Mary Willis, of Hertford, in Connecticut. This was written Nov. 25, 1659. living at Hartford in New England, I received a loving letter, dated Sept. 12, 1659, and therein this following passage, "Old Mr John Wilson, pastor at Boston, Mr Wilson was one of the first that went over to plant there. At his return he encouraged and drew over not a few. is in very good health, a hearty old good man still." A hearty good man indeed; I have for forty years almost known him to be a cordial Caleb, one who from his youth up, hath "fulfilled after God - followed him fully," and been of "another spirit" than the most are found to be. And to hear that the Lord still lengtheneth out his life, and keepeth up his young zeal with his old discretion, which was Mr Greenham’s great desire to his last, as it is no small comfort unto me; so, for the good respect I do deservedly bear to that good old man, I could not but here tell my reader so. Oh how well may he, with a very little variation, take up Caleb’s words to Joshua, hic fidus Achates, and say, "Forty years old was I" when many worthy zealots of old England "sent me to espy out this good land, and I brought them word again, as it was in my heart. Nevertheless my brethren that went up with me, made the heart of the people melt; but I wholly followed the Lord my God. And now behold the Lord hath kept me alive these forty and five years. And now, lo, I am well toward fourscore year old: As yet I am as strong this day as I was many years since: as my strength was then, even so is my strength now for the Lord’s wars, both to go out and to come in." Joshua 14:7-8 ; Joshua 14:10-11 I add no more but, Go forth in this thy might, thou valiant man: and do thou still "worthily in Ephrata," and be "famous in Bethlehem." Serus in coelum redeas, Iohannes; come thou to thy grave in a lusty old age, εν ευγηρια . "like as a shock of corn cometh in his season." Job 5:26

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These [are] the names of the men which Moses sent to spy out the land. And Moses called Oshea the son of Nun Jehoshua.

And Moses called Oshea the son of Nun Jehoshua. — His name was now changed from Save us O God, to God shall save us. Under the law which brings us, as it were, into a wilderness, we may desire, wish, and pray that there were a Saviour: but under the gospel, we are sure of salvation, and that our Jehoshua hath bound himself "to fulfil all righteousness" for us.

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And Moses sent them to spy out the land of Canaan, and said unto them, Get you up this [way] southward, and go up into the mountain:

Go up into the mountain. — This was the great mountain of Seir, which encloseth Palestine on that side.

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And see the land, what it [is]; and the people that dwelleth therein, whether they [be] strong or weak, few or many;

See the land. — Two and two likely he sent them, and by several ways: as our Lord also did his seventy disciples.

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And they ascended by the south, and came unto Hebron; where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai, the children of Anak, [were]. (Now Hebron was built seven years before Zoan in Egypt.)

Was built seven years before Zoan. — And so was one of the ancientest cities of the world, seeing it did contend with the ancientest and chiefest city of Egypt. Isaiah 19:11 Hebron signifies an association: there lay buried those three reverend couples, Abraham and Sarah, Isaac and Rebecca, Jacob and Leah. Genesis 23:19 ; Genesis 35:27-29 Here David began his reign over Israel, 2 Samuel 2:1 and hither came Mary to visit Elizabeth. Luke 1:39

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