Chapter commentary
1 Chronicles Chapter 29
서론
Untitled
简体中文
English original
David has said what he had to say to Solomon. But he had something more to say to the congregation before he parted with them. I. He pressed them to contribute, according to their ability, towards the building and furnishing of the temple, 1Ch 29:1-5. II. They made their presents accordingly with great generosity, 1Ch 29:6-9. III. David offered up solemn prayers and praises to God upon that occasion (1Ch 29:10-20), with sacrifices, 1Ch 29:21,22. IV. Solomon was hereupon enthroned, with great joy and magnificence, 1Ch 29:23-25. V. David, soon after this finished his course, 1Ch 29:26-30. And it is hard to say which shines brighter here, the setting sun or the rising sun.
1-9
Presents for the Temple (1015 BC)
简体中文
为圣殿的奉献（主前1015年）
¹ 大卫王又对会众说：我所拣选独生的儿子所罗门，还年幼胆怯；这工程甚大；因为这殿宇不是为人，乃是为耶和华神。 ² 我为我神的殿已经尽力，预备金子作金器，银子作银器，铜作铜器，铁作铁器，木作木器；还有红玛瑙、可镶嵌的宝石、彩石和各样的宝石，以及无数的大理石。 ³ 此外，因我爱慕我神的殿，我就将我所有的、为圣殿所预备的之外，又从我自己的珍宝中献上金子和银子， ⁴ 就是俄斐的金子三千他连得、精炼的银子七千他连得，用以贴殿内的墙； ⁵ 金子作金器，银子作银器，并匠人手所作的各样工。今日有谁乐意将自己献给耶和华呢？ ⁶ 于是众族长和以色列各支派的首领、千夫长、百夫长，并监管王工的官长，都乐意献上。 ⁷ 他们为神殿的使用，献上金子五千他连得零一万达利克、银子一万他连得、铜一万八千他连得、铁十万他连得。 ⁸ 凡有宝石的，都送入耶和华殿的府库，由革顺人耶希业经手。 ⁹ 因这些人诚心乐意献给耶和华，百姓就欢喜，因他们诚心乐意献给耶和华；大卫王也大大欢喜。
我们在此可观察：
I. 大卫向以色列的众首领说得何等得体，激发他们为建造圣殿奉献。我们当彼此相劝，激发爱心，勉励行善，不仅自己行善，也要尽力吸引别人同行善。以色列中有许多极富之人；他们都将共享圣殿的益处，共享那为建殿而赐的太平日子；所以大卫虽不把所当奉献的强加于他们当作税捐，却愿把这事当作献乐意祭的恰当机会加以推荐，因为敬虔和慈善之工当作得甘心乐意，不可勉强；因为神喜爱乐意施舍的人。一、他愿他们想到所罗门年幼胆怯，需要帮助；但他又是神所拣选作这工的人，所以极配得他们的协助。鼓励那些在神的事工上年幼胆怯的人，这乃是好的事奉。二、那工程甚大，人人都当尽力参与。所要建造的不是为人的宫殿，乃是为耶和华神的；奉献越多，殿宇就越宏伟，也就越能达到本意。三、他告诉他们，为这工已经作了何等大的预备。他并非要把一切重担都压在他们身上，也非全靠捐献建造，而是要他们借添补所已经作的来表明善意（代上29:2）：我已尽力预备，那就是："我以此为自己的本分。" 为神所作的工，必须尽我们一切力量去作，否则一事无成。四、他给他们立了好榜样。除了从邻国掠物和礼物中分别为圣归于此用、为建殿之用的以外（前文代上22:14已记），他又从自己的份中为装饰和充实圣殿大量奉献——金三千他连得，银七千他连得（代上29:4-5），这是因为他爱慕他神的殿。他这一切奉献，并非如天主教徒建教堂那样，为代赎罪罚、为罪赎罪；也非如法利赛人施舍那样，要人看见；而是单纯因为他爱慕神居所的住处——他如此承认（诗26:8），此处又如此证明。凡爱慕事奉神的人，必以为此所费的劳苦和代价都不算太多；当我们的奉献出于爱，才蒙神悦纳。凡思念上面之事的人，也必爱慕神的殿——我们借着它才能到天上。如今他把这一切告诉他们，是要激发他们也照样行。当知：要引人行善，自己必先领头。尤其那些地位和尊荣超乎众人的人，当特别设法叫自己的光在人前照耀，因为他们榜样的影响力比别人更有力、更广远。五、他激发他们效法他所行的（代上29:5）：今日有谁乐意将自己献给耶和华呢？ （一）我们各人在各自的岗位上，当事奉耶和华，将自己献给他的事奉分别为圣，把它与一切不相干、相妨碍的事分开，并把这工专为神的尊荣和荣耀而设计。（二）我们当以事奉神为本分，必须向耶和华充满我们的手——希伯来文如此说。凡献己于神事奉的人，必双手满载；那事奉需要全人投入。以神的事奉充满我们的手，意味着我们必须唯独事奉他，慷慨地事奉他，并借从他所得的恩典之力事奉他。（三）我们在此事上当自由——甘心乐意、毫不迟延地行，今日趁心意正直便行。谁乐意？ 如今就让他表明。
II. 他们既被这样激发，便都慷慨为建造圣殿奉献。他们虽是被劝勉的，经上却说：他们乐意献上（代上29:6）。这是知道他们心肠的那位说的。不仅如此，他们还用诚实的心献上——出于美善的原则，又诚心尊重神的荣耀（代上29:9）。他们的慷慨可见于奉献总数（代上29:7）。他们所献的，与他们相称——与王子相称，与以色列的王子相称。那一日的工作令人愉悦；因为：一、百姓欢喜，这可能指献祭的百姓自己：他们为有机会用自己的财物尊荣神而欢喜，又为有指望把这件善工带进完全而欢喜。或者也可指平民因首领的慷慨而欢喜，因为他们有如此乐于善工的官长治理他们。每一个以色列人看见圣殿的工蓬勃进行，都觉欣喜。二、大卫也大大欢喜——他看见自己的诗篇和他所供给他们的一切敬拜帮助所结的美好果子；又欢喜他的儿子和继任者周围将有这样爱慕神殿的人；又欢喜这件他心所深切系念的工必将继续前行。当知：当敬虔之人要离世之时，看见留下的人热心于信仰，又可能坚持下去，这实在是极大的安慰。主啊，如今可以照你的话，释放仆人安然去世。
English original
Presents for the Temple (1015 BC)
¹ Furthermore David the king said unto all the congregation, Solomon my son, whom alone God hath chosen, is yet young and tender, and the work is great: for the palace is not for man, but for the LORD God.
² Now I have prepared with all my might for the house of my God the gold for things to be made of gold, and the silver for things of silver, and the brass for things of brass, the iron for things of iron, and wood for things of wood; onyx stones, and stones to be set, glistering stones, and of divers colours, and all manner of precious stones, and marble stones in abundance.
³ Moreover, because I have set my affection to the house of my God, I have of mine own proper good, of gold and silver, which I have given to the house of my God, over and above all that I have prepared for the holy house,
⁴ Even three thousand talents of gold, of the gold of Ophir, and seven thousand talents of refined silver, to overlay the walls of the houses withal:
⁵ The gold for things of gold, and the silver for things of silver, and for all manner of work to be made by the hands of artificers. And who then is willing to consecrate his service this day unto the LORD?
⁶ Then the chief of the fathers and princes of the tribes of Israel, and the captains of thousands and of hundreds, with the rulers of the king's work, offered willingly,
⁷ And gave for the service of the house of God of gold five thousand talents and ten thousand drams, and of silver ten thousand talents, and of brass eighteen thousand talents, and one hundred thousand talents of iron.
⁸ And they with whom precious stones were found gave them to the treasure of the house of the LORD, by the hand of Jehiel the Gershonite.
⁹ Then the people rejoiced, for that they offered willingly, because with perfect heart they offered willingly to the LORD: and David the king also rejoiced with great joy.
We may here observe,
I. How handsomely David spoke to the great men of Israel, to engage them to contribute towards the building of the temple. It is our duty to provoke one another to love and to good works, not only to do good ourselves, but to draw in others to do good too as much as we can. There were many very rich men in Israel; they were all to share in the benefit of the temple, and of those peaceable days which were to befriend the building of it; and therefore, though David would not impose on them, as a tax, what they should give towards it, he would recommend the present as a fair occasion for a free-will offering, because what is done in works of piety and charity should be done willingly and not by constraint; for God loves a cheerful giver. 1. He would have them consider that Solomon was young and tender, and needed help; but that he was the person whom God had chosen to do this work, and therefore was well worthy their assistance. It is good service to encourage those in the work of God that are as yet young and tender. 2. That the world was great, and all hands should contribute to the carrying of it on. The palace to be built was not for man, but for the Lord God; and the more was contributed towards the building the more magnificent it would be, and therefore the better would it answer the intention. 3. He tells them what great preparations had been made for this work. He did not intend to throw all the burden upon them, nor that it should be built wholly by contributions, but that they should show their good will, by adding to what was done (1Ch 29:2): I have prepared with all my might, that is, "I have made it my business." Work for God must be done with all our might, or we shall bring nothing to pass in it. 4. He sets them a good example. Besides what was dedicated to this service out of the spoils and presents of the neighbouring nations, which was for the building of the house (of which before, 1Ch 22:14), he had, out of his own share, offered largely for the beautifying and enriching of it, 3000 talents of gold and 7000 talents of silver (1Ch 29:4,5), and this because he had set his affection on the house of his God. He gave all this, not as Papists build churches, in commutation of penance, or to make atonement for sin, nor as Pharisees give alms, to be seen of men; but purely because he loved the habitation of God's house; so he professed (Ps 26:8) and here he proved it. Those who set their affection upon the service of God will think no pains nor cost too much to bestow upon it; and then our offerings are pleasing to God when they come from love. Those that set their affection on things above will set their affection on the house of God, through which our way to heaven lies. Now this he gives them an account of, to stir them up to do likewise. Note, Those who would draw others to do that which is good must themselves lead. Those especially who are advanced above others in place and dignity should particularly contrive how to make their light shine before men, because the influence of their example is more powerful and extensive than that of other people. 5. He stirs them up to do as he had done (1Ch 29:5): And who then is willing to concecrate his service this day unto the Lord? (1.) We must each of us, in our several places, serve the Lord, and consecrate our service to him, separate it from other things that are foreign and interfere with it, and direct and design it for the honour and glory of God. (2.) We must make the service of God our business, must fill our hands to the Lord, so the Hebrew phrase is. Those who engage themselves in the service of God will have their hands full; there is work enough for the whole man in that service. The filling of our hands with the service of God intimates that we must serve him only, serve him liberally, and serve him in the strength of grace derived from him. (3.) We must be free herein, do it willingly and speedily, do it this day, when we are in a good mind. Who is willing? Now let him show it.
II. How handsomely they all contributed towards the building of the temple when they were thus stirred up to it. Though they were persuaded to it, yet it is said, They offered willingly, 1Ch 29:6. So he said who knew their hearts. Nay, they offered with a perfect heart, from a good principle and with a sincere respect to the glory of God, 1Ch 29:9. How generous they were appears by the sum total of the contributions, 1Ch 29:7. They gave like themselves, like princes, like princes of Israel. And a pleasant day's work it was; for, 1. The people rejoiced, which may be meant of the people themselves that offered: they were glad of the opportunity of honouring God thus with their substance, and glad of the prospect of bringing this good work to perfection. Or the common people rejoiced in the generosity of their princes, that they had such rulers over them as were forward to this good work. Every Israelite is glad to see temple work carried on with vigour. 2. David rejoiced with great joy to see the good effects of his psalms and the other helps of devotion he had furnished them with, rejoiced that his son and successor would have those about him that were so well affected to the house of God, and that this work, upon which his heart was so much set, was likely to go on. Note, It is a great reviving to good men, when they are leaving the world, to see those they leave behind zealous for religion and likely to keep it up. Lord, now let thou thy servant depart in peace.
10-22
David's Prayer to God; Sacrifices Offered (1015 BC)
简体中文
大卫向神的祷告；献祭（主前1015年）
¹⁰ 所以大卫在全会众面前称颂耶和华。大卫说：耶和华我们的父以色列的神啊，你应当称颂，直到永永远远。 ¹¹ 耶和华啊，尊大、能力、荣耀、强胜、威严都是你的；凡天上地下的，都是你的；国度也是你的；耶和华啊，你为至高，为万有之首。 ¹² 富贵从你而来，你也治理万物；在你手里有大能大力；使人尊大强盛，都因你的手。 ¹³ 我们的神啊，现在我们称谢你，赞美你荣耀之名。 ¹⁴ 我算什么，我的民算什么，竟能如此乐意奉献？因为万物都从你而来，我们把从你而得的献给你。 ¹⁵ 我们在你面前是客旅、是寄居的，与我们列祖一样；我们在世的日子如影儿，不能长存。 ¹⁶ 耶和华我们的神啊，我们预备这许多材料，要为你圣名建造殿宇，都是从你而来，都是属你的。 ¹⁷ 我的神啊，我知道你察验人心，喜悦正直。我以正直的心乐意献上这一切物；现在我喜欢见你的民在这里甘心乐意献与你。 ¹⁸ 耶和华我们列祖亚伯拉罕、以撒、以色列的神啊，求你使你的民心中常有这意念思念，坚定他们的心归向你； ¹⁹ 又求你赐我儿子所罗门诚实的心，遵守你的命令、法度、律例，行这一切事，又建造我所预备为其预备的宫殿。 ²⁰ 大卫对全会众说：你们应当称颂耶和华你们的神。于是会众称颂耶和华他们列祖的神，低头拜耶和华和王。 ²¹ 次日，他们向耶和华献祭，奉上燔祭给耶和华——就是公牛一千只、公绵羊一千只、羊羔一千只，并同献的奠祭，又为以色列众人献了许多祭。 ²² 当日他们在耶和华面前吃喝，大大欢乐。他们再奉大卫的儿子所罗门作王，膏他归耶和华作元帅，又膏撒督作祭司。
我们在此看到：
I. 大卫因众首领为建造圣殿所献的丰厚捐献，向神作了庄严的呼吁（代上29:10）：所以大卫称颂耶和华——不是独自在内室中，而是在全会众面前。这是我们读到代上29:9所记大卫大大欢喜时所期待的；因为像他这样虔诚的人，必把他大大欢喜之事作为他感恩的题目。那以安慰环顾四周的人，必以赞美仰望上苍。大卫如今已老迈，自视为离世不远；老年圣徒、临终圣徒心中大大扩张于赞美和感恩之中，原是合宜的。这能止息他们对身体软弱的怨言，也有助于使死亡本身的前景不那么阴沉。大卫的诗篇在本书的后部，大多是赞美诗。我们越接近永远赞美的世界，就越当说那世界的语言、作那世界的工。在这呼吁之中：
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他敬拜神，将荣耀归给他，以他为以色列的神——永远应当称颂。我们主祷文的末了有一段颂词，与大卫在此开首的话十分相似——因为国度、权柄、荣耀全是你的。 这正是当行的赞美神——以圣洁的敬畏和敬虔，并以与之相称的情感，承认：（一）他无穷的完全；不仅他是伟大的、大能的、荣耀的等，而且尊大、能力、荣耀都是他的——即他自有而有这些（代上29:11）。他是一切光辉、一切有福之物的源头和中心。我们一切最崇高的赞美中所归给他的，他对之都拥有无可置疑的所有权。尊大是他的——他的尊大无限无量、不可测度；其余一切在相比之下都是渺小、都是虚无。能力是他的——全能而无可抵御；能力本属于他，一切受造者的一切能力都从他而出，也依赖他。荣耀是他的——因为他的荣耀是他自己的目的，也是整个受造界的目的。我们用心、口、一生所能给他的荣耀，远不及他所当得的。胜利是他的——他超越万有，并能使万有归服自己；他的胜利无可辩驳，无可阻挡。威严也是他的——真实而本于他自己的威严；威严可畏与他同在，无法表达，不能想象。（二）他作为万物正当的主人和所有者的至高主权：凡天上地下的，都是你的，并都在你的处置之下——因创造无可争议的权利，也因你是至高的主宰和统帅：国度是你的，一切君王都是你的臣仆；因为你是首，当被尊崇敬拜为万有之首。（三）他普遍的运行和作为。人子中一切富足尊贵的，他们的富足和尊贵都是从神而来。这一承认他要让众首领注意并同参与，使他们不致以为因自己的慷慨便对神有了功劳；因为他们从神得了富足和尊贵，他们归还给他的，不过是从他所受的一小部分。无论人在人间如何伟大，是神的手使他们如此；无论我们有怎样的力量，都是神所赐——他是我们父以色列的神（代上29:10、诗68:35）。
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他以感恩承认神的恩典，使他们能如此乐意地为建造圣殿捐输（代上29:13-14）：我们的神啊，我们称谢你。 注意：我们为神作得越多，就越欠他的债——欠他赐我们事奉之尊荣的债，也欠他赐恩典使我们能在任何程度上事奉他的债。他岂还谢谢那仆人吗（路17:9）？不；但那仆人倒大有理由谢谢他。他称谢神使他们能如此乐意奉献。注意：（一）能甘心乐意作神的工，是神恩典在我们心中大能的明证。他在我们心里运行，使我们立志行事；正是在他大有能力之日，他的民才甘心献身（诗110:3）。（二）无论何时，无论由自己或别人所作的任何善事，我们都当把一切荣耀归给神。我们自己的善工不可作我们骄傲的资本，别人的善工也不可作我们谄媚的资本，而都要作我们赞美的题目；因为忠心事奉神，诚然是世上最大的尊荣，也是最大的喜乐。
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他对自己、对他百姓、对他们如今献给神的礼物，说得很谦卑。（一）论到自己，以及与他同组的那些人——他们虽是首领，他却希奇神竟如此眷顾他们、为他们行了如此多的事（代上29:14）：我算什么，我的民算什么？ 大卫是当时世上最尊贵的人，以色列也是当时世上最尊贵的民；他对自己和他们却如此说，以为不配蒙神垂顾、蒙神施恩。大卫此刻看起来十分伟大——主持一个庄严的集会、指定继任者、并向神的尊荣献上丰厚的礼物——然而他在自己眼中却微小卑微：主啊，我算什么？ 因为（代上29:15）我们在你面前是客旅、是寄居的——可怜微贱的受造者。天上的天使在那里是在家；地上的圣徒在此不过是客旅：我们在世的日子如影儿。 大卫的日子比多数人的日子更有实质；因为他是伟人、好人、有用的人，如今是老人——活得长久，也活得有意义：然而他把自己不仅列入，更列为首位——那些必须承认我们在世的日子如影儿的人之中；这暗示我们的人生是虚空的人生、幽暗的人生、转瞬即逝的人生，并且是这样的人生——其结局不是在完全光明之中，便是在完全黑暗之中。下文解释这事：不能长存，原文作没有指望。我们不能指望从中得到什么大事，也不能指望它长久延续。此事在此被提及，是要禁止我们因所作对神的事奉而夸口。唉！这不过局限于短短的片刻，是软弱短命之人的事奉，我们还能借此自夸什么功劳呢？（二）论到他们的礼物，他说：主啊，我们把从你而得的献给你（代上29:14），又说（代上29:16）：这都是从你手而来，都是属你的。 我们从你领受为白白恩赐，因此有义务为你而用；我们所献上的，不过是属你之物的租金或利息。 照样（帕特里克主教说）我们当在一切属灵的事上承认神，把每一个好意念、好志向、好行为，都归于我们所受其恩的恩典。 因此凡夸口的，当指着主夸口。
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他就自己在所行之事上的诚实向神呼吁（代上29:17）。敬虔人想到神察验人心、喜悦正直，便大得安慰——无论人如何误解或藐视，他都认识并称赞义人的道路。大卫的安慰在于：神知道他以何等喜乐的心既献上自己的礼物，又观看百姓的奉献。他既不因自己的善工骄傲，也不嫉妒别人的善工。
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他向神祷告——既为百姓，也为所罗门——求使两者都能如开始时那样继续。在这祷告中，他称神为亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各的神——与他们立约、又因他们的缘故与我们立约的神。主啊，赐我们恩典以履行我们在约中的本分，免得我们失了约中的福气。或可如此说：他们因神坚立他们道路的恩典而在诚实中得蒙保守；愿那为他们够用的恩典，也为我们够用。（一）他为百姓祷告（代上29:18），求神既在他们心里所动的好意，便永远存留在那里，使他们永不会比如今更糟，永不失如今所受的感动，也不冷淡于对神家的事奉，而是永远存如今似乎存有的同样心思。重大的后果取决于我们心中意念思念中那最深处、那最上头的事——我们追求什么、爱想什么。若有什么善已占据了我们的心，或我们朋友的心，借祷告把这事交托神的恩典去看守，乃是好的：主啊，求你保守它在那里，永远保守在那里。大卫已为圣殿预备了材料；但主啊，求你预备他们的心来领受这样的特权——坚固他们的心（旁注如此）。坚定他们的立志。他们如今心意良好；我离世之后，求你保守他们如此——他们和他们的后裔直到永远。（二）他为所罗门祷告（代上29:19）：赐他诚实的心。 他曾嘱咐他（代上28:9）以诚实的心伺候神；如今他向神祷告，求神赐他这样的心。他并不祷告说：主啊，使他成为富足的人、伟大的人、博学的人；而是：主啊，使他成为诚实的人——因为那胜过一切。主啊，赐他诚实的心——不仅总的来说遵守你的诫命，更是特别建造宫殿，使他能以专一的心行那事奉。然而他建造圣殿并不足以证明他有诚实的心，除非他以良心遵守神的诫命。我们若生活在违逆神律法之中，建造教堂并不能救我们。
II. 这庄严集会中众人的欢喜同参与。一、他们与大卫一同敬拜神。他祷告完毕便呼唤他们表达同参与（你们应当称颂耶和华你们的神，代上29:20），他们便照此行了——以低头——敬拜的姿态——表达出来。无论谁在会众中作出口，唯参与的人才得着益处——不是因低头，而是因举心。二、他们对王表示尊敬，看他在神手中为他们行了许多善事的器皿；他们尊敬他，便是尊敬神。三、次日他们向神献上极多的祭（代上29:21）——既献燔祭（全然烧尽的），也献平安祭（献祭者可留大部分给自己）。借此他们慷慨地向神表达感恩，因他们的国事处于良好状态，虽然大卫即将归到列祖那里。四、他们在神面前设宴欢乐（代上29:22）。作为他们在神里面喜乐、并与他相交的记号，他们在耶和华面前以虔诚的方式享用他们的平安祭。他们献给神的，他们便在其上设宴——借此向他们暗示：他们近来为圣殿事奉所作的慷慨捐献，绝不会使他们变得更贫穷；他们自己必在其安慰上设宴享用。五、他们再膏所罗门作王。他先前因亚多尼雅叛乱之故已被匆匆膏立，如今他们认为应当重行此礼，使百姓更得满足。他们膏他归耶和华。官长当看自己为神所分别出来的人，作他的用人，并照样存敬畏神的心施行治理。撒督也被膏作祭司，以取代近来失了尊荣的亚比亚他。以色列啊，你在这样的君王和这样的大祭司之下，实在有福！
English original
David's Prayer to God; Sacrifices Offered (1015 BC)
¹⁰ Wherefore David blessed the LORD before all the congregation: and David said, Blessed be thou, LORD God of Israel our father, for ever and ever.
¹¹ Thine, O LORD, is the greatness, and the power, and the glory, and the victory, and the majesty: for all that is in the heaven and in the earth is thine; thine is the kingdom, O LORD, and thou art exalted as head above all.
¹² Both riches and honour come of thee, and thou reignest over all; and in thine hand is power and might; and in thine hand it is to make great, and to give strength unto all.
¹³ Now therefore, our God, we thank thee, and praise thy glorious name.
¹⁴ But who am I, and what is my people, that we should be able to offer so willingly after this sort? for all things come of thee, and of thine own have we given thee.
¹⁵ For we are strangers before thee, and sojourners, as were all our fathers: our days on the earth are as a shadow, and there is none abiding.
¹⁶ O LORD our God, all this store that we have prepared to build thee a house for thine holy name cometh of thine hand, and is all thine own.
¹⁷ I know also, my God, that thou triest the heart, and hast pleasure in uprightness. As for me, in the uprightness of mine heart I have willingly offered all these things: and now have I seen with joy thy people, which are present here, to offer willingly unto thee.
¹⁸ O LORD God of Abraham, Isaac, and of Israel, our fathers, keep this for ever in the imagination of the thoughts of the heart of thy people, and prepare their heart unto thee:
¹⁹ And give unto Solomon my son a perfect heart, to keep thy commandments, thy testimonies, and thy statutes, and to do all these things, and to build the palace, for the which I have made provision.
²⁰ And David said to all the congregation, Now bless the LORD your God. And all the congregation blessed the LORD God of their fathers, and bowed down their heads, and worshipped the LORD, and the king.
²¹ And they sacrificed sacrifices unto the LORD, and offered burnt offerings unto the LORD, on the morrow after that day, even a thousand bullocks, a thousand rams, and a thousand lambs, with their drink offerings, and sacrifices in abundance for all Israel:
²² And did eat and drink before the LORD on that day with great gladness. And they made Solomon the son of David king the second time, and anointed him unto the LORD to be the chief governor, and Zadok to be priest.
We have here,
I. The solemn address which David made to God upon occasion of the noble subscriptions of the princes towards the building of the temple (1Ch 29:10): Wherefore David blessed the Lord, not only alone in his closet, but before all the congregation. This I expected when we read (1Ch 29:9) that David rejoiced with great joy; for such a devout man as he would no doubt make that the matter of his thanksgiving which was so much the matter of his rejoicing. He that looked round with comfort would certainly look up with praise. David was now old and looked upon himself as near his end; and it well becomes aged saints, and dying saints, to have their hearts much enlarged in praise and thanksgiving. This will silence their complaints of their bodily infirmities, and help to make the prospect of death itself less gloomy. David's psalms, toward the latter end of the book, are most of them psalms of praise. The nearer we come to the world of everlasting praise the more we should speak the language and do the work of that world. In this address,
1. He adores God, and ascribes glory to him as the God of Israel, blessed for ever and ever. Our Lord's prayer ends with a doxology much like this which David here begins with—for thine is the kingdom, the power, and the glory. This is properly praising God—with holy awe and reverence, and agreeable affection, acknowledging, (1.) His infinite perfections; not only that he is great, powerful, glorious, etc., but that his is the greatness, power, and glory, that is, he has them in and of himself, 1Ch 29:11. He is the fountain and centre of every thing that is bright and blessed. All that we can, in our most exalted praises, attribute to him he has an unquestionable title to. His is the greatness; his greatness is immense and incomprehensible; and all others are little, are nothing, in comparison of him. His is the power, and it is almighty and irresistible; power belongs to him, and all the power of all the creatures is derived from him and depends upon him. His is the glory; for his glory is his own end and the end of the whole creation. All the glory we can give him with our hearts, lips, and lives, comes infinitely short of what is his due. His is the victory; he transcends and surpasses all, and is able to conquer and subdue all things to himself; and his victories are incontestable and uncontrollable. And his is the majesty, real and personal; with him is terrible majesty, inexpressible and inconceivable. (2.) His sovereign dominion, as rightful owner and possessor of all: "All that is in the heaven, and in the earth, is thine, and at thy disposal, by the indisputable right of creation, and as supreme ruler and commander of all: thine is the kingdom, and all kings are thy subjects; for thou art head, and art to be exalted and worshipped as head above all." (3.) His universal influence and agency. All that are rich and honourable among the children of men have their riches and honours from God. This acknowledgment he would have the princes take notice of and join in, that they might not think they had merited any thing of God by their generosity; for from God they had their riches and honour, and what they had returned to him was but a small part of what they had received from him. Whoever are great among men, it is God's hand that makes them so; and, whatever strength we have, it is God that gives it to us, as the God of Israel our father, 1Ch 29:10, Ps 68:35.
2. He acknowledges with thankfulness the grace of God enabling them to contribute so cheerfully towards the building of the temple (1Ch 29:13,14): Now therefore, our God, we thank thee. Note, The more we do for God the more we are indebted to him for the honour of being employed in his service, and for grace enabling us, in any measure, to serve him. Does he therefore thank that servant? Lu 17:9. No: but that servant has a great deal of reason to thank him. He thanks God that they were able to offer so willingly. Note, (1.) It is a great instance of the power of God's grace in us to be able to do the work of God willingly. He works both to will and to do; and it is in the day of his power that his people are made willing, Ps 110:3. (2.) We must give God all the glory of all the good that is at any time done by ourselves or others. Our own good works must not be the matter of our pride, nor the good works of others the matter of our flattery, but both the matter of our praise; for certainly it is the greatest honour and pleasure in the world faithfully to serve God.
3. He speaks very humbly of himself, and his people, and the offerings they had now presented to God. (1.) For himself, and those that joined with him, though they were princes, he wondered that God should take such notice of them and do so much for them (1Ch 29:14): Who am I, and what is my people? David was the most honourable person, and Israel the most honourable person, then in the world; yet thus does he speak of himself and them, as unworthy the divine cognizance and favour. David now looks very great, presiding in an august assembly, appointing his successor, and making a noble present to the honour of God; and yet he is little and low in his own eyes: Who am I, O Lord? for (1Ch 29:15) we are strangers before thee, and sojourners, poor despicable creatures. Angels in heaven are at home there; saints on earth are but strangers here: Our days on the earth are as a shadow. David's days had as much of substance in them as most men's; for he was a great man, a good man, a useful man, and now an old man, one that lived long and lived to good purpose: and yet he puts himself not only into the number, but in the front, of those who must acknowledge that their days on the earth are as a shadow, which intimates that our life is a vain life, a dark life, a transient life, and a life that will have its periods either in perfect light or perfect darkness. The next words explain it: There is no abiding, Heb. no expectation. We cannot expect any great matters from it, nor can we expect any long continuance of it. This is mentioned here as that which forbids us to boast of the service we do to God. Alas! it is confined to a scantling of time, it is the service of a frail and short life, and therefore what can we pretend to merit by it? (2.) As to their offerings, Lord, says he, of thy own have we given thee (1Ch 29:14), and again (1Ch 29:16), It cometh of thy hand, and is all thy own. "We have it from thee as a free gift, and therefore are bound to use it for thee; and what we present to thee is but rent or interest from thy own." "In like manner" (says bishop Patrick) "we ought to acknowledge God in all spiritual things, referring every good thought, good purpose, good work, to his grace, from whom we receive it." Let him that glories therefore glory in the Lord.
4. He appeals to God concerning his own sincerity in what he did, 1Ch 29:17. It is a great satisfaction to a good man to think that God tries the heart and has pleasure in uprightness, that, whoever may misinterpret or contemn it, he is acquainted with and approves of the way of the righteous. It was David's comfort that God knew with what pleasure he both offered his own and saw the people's offering. He was neither proud of his own good work nor envious of the good works of others.
5. He prays to God both for the people and for Solomon, that both might hold on as they began. In this prayer he addresses God as the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, a God in covenant with them and with us for their sakes. Lord, give us grace to make good our part of the covenant, that we may not forfeit the benefit of it. Or thus: they were kept in their integrity by the grace of God establishing their way; let the same grace that was sufficient for them be so for us. (1.) For the people he prays (1Ch 29:18) that what good God had put into their minds he would always keep there, that they might never be worse than they were now, might never lose the convictions they were now under, nor cool in their affections to the house of God, but always have the same thoughts of things as they now seemed to have. Great consequences depend upon what is innermost, and what uppermost, in the imagination of the thoughts of our heart, what we aim at and what we love to think of. If any good have got possession of our hearts, or the hearts of our friends, it is good by prayer to commit the custody of it to the grace of God: "Lord, keep it there, keep it for ever there. David has prepared materials for the temple; but, Lord, do thou prepare their hearts for such a privilege;" establish their hearts, so the margin. "Confirm their resolutions. They are in a good mind; keep them so when I am gone, them and theirs for ever." (2.) For Solomon he prays (1Ch 29:19), Give him a perfect heart. He had charged him (1Ch 28:9) to serve God with a perfect heart; now here he prays to God to give him such a heart. He does not pray, "Lord, make him a rich man, a great man, a learned man;" but, "Lord, make him an honest man;" for that is better than all. "Lord, give him a perfect heart, not only in general to keep thy commandments, but in particular to build the palace, that he may do that service with a single eye." Yet his building the house would not prove him to have a perfect heart unless he made conscience of keeping God's commandments. It is not helping to build churches that will save us if we live in disobedience to God's law.
II. The cheerful concurrence of this great assembly in this great solemnity. 1. They joined with David in the adoration of God. When he had done his prayer he called to them to testify their concurrence (Now bless the Lord your God, 1Ch 29:20), which accordingly they did, by bowing down their heads, a gesture of adoration. Whoever is the mouth of the congregation, those only have the benefit who join with him, not by bowing down the head so much as by lifting up the soul. 2. They paid their respects to the king, looking upon him as an instrument in God's hand of much good to them; and, in honouring him, they honoured God. 3. The next day they offered abundance of sacrifices to God (1Ch 29:21), both burnt-offerings, which were wholly consumed, and peace-offerings, which the offerer had the greatest part of to himself. Hereby they testified a generous gratitude to God for the good posture their public affairs were in, though David was going the way of all the earth. 4. They feasted and rejoiced before God, 1Ch 29:22. In token of their joy in God, and communion with him, they feasted upon their peace-offerings in a religious manner before the Lord. What had been offered to God they feasted upon, by which was intimated to them that they should be never the poorer for their late liberal contributions to the service of the temple; they themselves should feast upon the comfort of it. 5. They made Solomon king the second time. He having been before anointed in haste, upon occasion of Adonijah's rebellion, it was thought fit to repeat the ceremony, for the greater satisfaction of the people. They anointed him to the Lord. Magistrates must look upon themselves as set apart for God, to be his ministers, and must rule accordingly in the fear of God. Zadok also was anointed to be priest in the room of Abiathar, who had lately forfeited his honour. Happy art thou, O Israel! under such a prince and such a pontiff.
23-30
Solomon Magnified (1015 BC)
简体中文
所罗门被尊大（主前1015年）
²³ 于是所罗门坐在耶和华所赐的位上，接续他父亲大卫作王；他凡事亨通，以色列众人都听从他。 ²⁴ 众首领和勇士，以及大卫王众子，都顺服所罗门王。 ²⁵ 耶和华使所罗门在以色列众人眼前甚为尊大，又赐给他君王的威严，胜过在他以前所有作以色列王的。 ²⁶ 耶西的儿子大卫作全以色列的王。 ²⁷ 他作以色列王共四十年：在希伯仑作王七年，在耶路撒冷作王三十三年。 ²⁸ 他年纪老迈，日子满足，享受丰富、尊荣，就死了；他儿子所罗门接续他作王。 ²⁹ 大卫王始终的事，都写在先见撒母耳的书上、先知拿单的书上、先见迦得的书上， ³⁰ 记他的治国和他一切所行的，并所经历的事，以及以色列和列国诸国所经历的事。
这几节经文把所罗门王带到宝座上，把大卫王带到坟墓里。这样，兴起的一代把前一代挤出去，说："为我们让位吧。" 各人都有自己的日子。
I. 此处是所罗门的兴起（代上29:23）：所罗门坐在耶和华所赐的位上。 这不是他在天上所预备的宝座，而是以色列的宝座被称为耶和华的宝座，因为他不仅是一切万国的王，列王都在他之下掌权，他更是在特殊意义上作以色列的王（撒上12:12）。他们的国位由他直接设立、直接赐予。他们国度的民刑法度都是神圣的。乌陵和先知是他们君王的枢密顾问；因此他们的宝座称为耶和华的宝座。 所罗门的国预表弥赛亚的国，而弥赛亚的国实在就是耶和华的宝座；因为父不审判什么人，乃将审判的事全交与子；所以父称他为我的君（诗2:6）。他既坐在耶和华的宝座上——神所召他坐的宝座上——他便亨通。凡跟从神引导的，可望借着神的赐福而得成功。所罗门亨通，因为：一、他的百姓向他致敬，如同向当受尊敬的人：全以色列都听从他，就是甘心向他宣誓效忠（代上29:23）；众首领和勇士，甚至大卫的众子——虽然论资历他们对王位的权利在他之先，或许认为他的被高举对他们不公——也都顺服他。神定意要立他作王，又使他配作王，所以他们全都顺服他。神感动他们的心如此行，使他的国从一开始就太平。他父亲虽比他好，却经历极大艰难，迟迟才得冠冕，要经过许多缓慢的步骤。大卫的信心更大，所以受的试炼也更大。他们顺服（原文作他们在所罗门以下伸手），就是借誓约约束自己对他效忠（昔日宣誓时把手放在大腿下面是一种礼仪）；或他们如此全心归附，甚至甘愿把手放在他脚下服事他。二、神也加尊荣给他；因为凡尊荣他的，他必尊荣他：耶和华使所罗门甚为尊大（代上29:25）。他的面貌和气度，我想，必有非常伟大可畏之处。他所说的一切、所行的一切都令人肃然起敬。在他以前的以色列一切士师和君王中，没有一位像他那样有气派，也没有一位像他那样生活在荣华之中。
II. 此处是大卫的退场——这位伟人退出舞台。史家在此把他带到他日子的末了，留他安睡，并把帘子拉在他周围。
一、史家对他作王的年岁作了一个摘要（代上29:26-27）。他作王四十年，正如他以前的摩西、俄陀聂、底波拉、基甸、以利、撒母耳、扫罗，以及他以后的所罗门。
二、史家对他的死作了简短的记述（代上29:28），他死时日子满足，又得丰富、尊荣；这就是说：（一）被这些所充满。他年迈，富有，又蒙神和人大大尊荣。他从年少时便是战士，灵魂时刻悬于一线；然而他没有中年被剪除，反而在军旅生涯一切危险中得蒙保全，活到高龄，死于平安，死于床榻，且死于荣誉之榻。（二）对这些得着满足。他日子满足，又得丰富、尊荣；那就是说，他对这世界和世上的丰富与尊荣已经够了，也知道自己已经够了，因为他十分甘心离世撇下这一切，因为他曾说过（诗49:15）神必收纳我，又说（诗23:4）你与我同在。 敬虔之人不久便在日子、丰富、尊荣上得着满足，却永不以此为足；除神的慈爱之外别无满足。
三、关于大卫一生和作王更详尽的记述，他指明当时的史记或记录，那些是撒母耳在世时所写，在他死后由拿单和迦得继续（代上29:29）。那里记载了他内政外战所值得注意的事，记那时代，就是他所经历的事件（代上29:29-30）。这些记录当时还存在，如今已经失传。当知：那些虽非圣卷、非出于神默示的教会历史，只要是确实可靠的，也可善加利用。
English original
Solomon Magnified (1015 BC)
²³ Then Solomon sat on the throne of the LORD as king instead of David his father, and prospered; and all Israel obeyed him.
²⁴ And all the princes, and the mighty men, and all the sons likewise of king David, submitted themselves unto Solomon the king.
²⁵ And the LORD magnified Solomon exceedingly in the sight of all Israel, and bestowed upon him such royal majesty as had not been on any king before him in Israel.
²⁶ Thus David the son of Jesse reigned over all Israel.
²⁷ And the time that he reigned over Israel was forty years; seven years reigned he in Hebron, and thirty and three years reigned he in Jerusalem.
²⁸ And he died in a good old age, full of days, riches, and honour: and Solomon his son reigned in his stead.
²⁹ Now the acts of David the king, first and last, behold, they are written in the book of Samuel the seer, and in the book of Nathan the prophet, and in the book of Gad the seer,
³⁰ With all his reign and his might, and the times that went over him, and over Israel, and over all the kingdoms of the countries.
These verses bring king Solomon to his throne and king David to his grave. Thus the rising generation thrusts out that which went before, and says, "Make room for us." Every one has his day.
I. Here is Solomon rising (1Ch 29:23): Solomon sat on the throne of the Lord. Not his throne which he prepared in the heavens, but the throne of Israel is called the throne of the Lord because not only is he King of all nations, and all kings rule under him, but he was in a peculiar manner King of Israel, 1Sa 12:12. He had the founding, he had the filling, of their throne, by immediate direction. The municipal laws of their kingdom were divine. Urim and prophets were the privy counsellors of their princes; therefore is their throne called the throne of the Lord. Solomon's kingdom typified the kingdom of the Messiah, and his is indeed the throne of the Lord; for the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment to him; hence he calls him his King, Ps 2:6. Being set on the throne of the Lord, the throne to which God called him, he prospered. Those that follow the divine guidance may expect success by the divine blessing. Solomon prospered; for, 1. His people paid honour to him, as one to whom honour is due: All Israel obeyed him, that is, were ready to swear allegiance to him (1Ch 29:23), the princes and mighty men, and even the sons of David, though by seniority their title to the crown was prior to his, and they might think themselves wronged by his advancement. God thought fit to make him king, and made him fit to be so, and therefore they all submitted themselves to him. God inclined their hearts to do so, that his reign might, from the first, be peaceable. His father was a better man than he, and yet came to the crown with much difficulty, after long delay, and by many and slow steps. David had more faith, and therefore had it more tried. They submitted themselves (Heb. They gave the hand under Solomon), that is, bound themselves by oath to be true to him (putting the hand under the thigh was a ceremony anciently used in swearing); or they were so entirely devoted that they would put their hand under his feet to serve him. 2. God put honour upon him; for those that honour him he will honour: The Lord magnified Solomon exceedingly, 1Ch 29:25. His very countenance and presence, I am apt to think, had something in them very great and awful. All he said and all he did commanded respect. None of all the judges or kings of Israel, his predecessors, made such a figure as he did nor lived in such splendour.
II. Here is David's setting, that great man going off the stage. The historian here brings him to the end of his day, leaves him asleep, and draws the curtains about him.
1. He gives a summary account of the years of his reign, 1Ch 29:26,27. He reigned forty years, as did Moses, Othniel, Deborah, Gideon, Eli, Samuel, and Saul, who were before him, and Solomon after him.
2. He gives a short account of his death (1Ch 29:28), that he died full of days, riches, and honour; that is, (1.) Loaded with them. He was very old, and very rich, and very much honoured both of God and man. He had been a man of war from his youth, and, as such, had his soul continually in his hand; yet he was not cut off in the midst of his days, but was preserved through all dangers of a military life, lived to a good old age, and died in peace, died in his bed, and yet in the bed of honour. (2.) Satiated with them. He was full of days, riches, and honour; that is, he had enough of this world and of the riches and honours of it, and knew when he had enough, for he was very willing to die and leave it, having said (Ps 49:15), God shall receive me, and (Ps 23:4), Thou art with me. A good man will soon be full of days, riches, and honour, but will never be satisfied with them; no satisfaction but in God's loving kindness.
3. For a fuller account of David's life and reign he refers to the histories or records of those times, which were written by Samuel while he lived, and continued, after his death, by Nathan and Gad, 1Ch 29:29. There was related what was observable in his government at home and his wars abroad, the times, that is, the events of the times, that went over him, 1Ch 29:29,30. These registers were then in being, but are now lost. Note, Good use may be made of those histories of the church which are authentic though not sacred or of divine inspiration.
大卫已经对所罗门说完了当说的话。但在与众百姓离别之前，他还有话要对他们讲。I. 他勉励百姓按着自己的能力，为圣殿的建造和陈设奉献，代上29:1-5。II. 百姓便慷慨地献上礼物，代上29:6-9。III. 大卫借此场合庄严地向神献上祷告与颂赞（代上29:10-20），并献上祭物，代上29:21-22。IV. 所罗门由此登基，场面极其欢乐盛大，代上29:23-25。V. 此后不久，大卫便走完了他一生的路程，代上29:26-30。此处很难断言究竟是落日更璀璨，还是朝阳更辉煌。