Chapter commentary
Joshua Chapter 19
서론
Untitled
繁體中文
English original
In the description of the lots of Judah and Benjamin we have an account both of the borders that surrounded them and of the cities contained in them. In that of Ephraim and Manasseh we have the borders, but not the cities; in this chapter Simeon and Dan are described by their cities only, and not their borders, because they lay very much within Judah, especially the former; the rest have both their borders described and their cities names, especially frontiers. Here is, I. The lot of Simeon, Jos 19:1-9. II. Of Zebulun, Jos 19:10-16. III. Of Issachar, Jos 19:17-23. IV. Of Asher, Jos 19:24-31. V. Of Naphtali, Jos 19:32-39. VI. Of Dan, Jos 19:40-48. Lastly, The inheritance assigned to Joshua himself and his own family, Jos 19:49-51.
1-9
The Lot of Simeon (1444 BC)
繁體中文
西緬支派的鬮分（主前1444年）
¹ 為西緬支派的人，就是為西緬人按著宗族拈出第二鬮；他們所得的地業是在猶大人地業的中間。
² 他們所得為業的就是別是巴（或名示巴）、摩拉大、
³ 夏瑣書亞、巴拉、亞森、
⁴ 以勒多蘭、伯特利、何珥瑪、
⁵ 洗革拉、伯瑪加博、夏瑣蘇薩、
⁶ 伯利巴勿、沙魯險，共十三座城，還有屬城的村莊。
⁷ 亞因、倫門、以帖、亞珊，共四座城，還有屬城的村莊。
⁸ 並這些城邑四圍所有的村莊，直到巴拉比珥、南地的拉瑪。這是西緬人支派按著宗族所得的地業。
⁹ 西緬人的地業是從猶大人的地業中得來的；因為猶大人的分過多，所以西緬人在自己的地業中得了地業。
西緬的鬮分是在猶大、約瑟和便雅憫之後拈出來的，因為雅各已經使那支派蒙了羞辱；然而它仍被置於利亞兩個較年幼的兒子和使女的三個兒子之前。據我們所知，這支派中沒有出過一個名人，無論是士師還是先知。
I. 他們鬮分的位置是在猶大鬮分之內（書19:1），並且是從中取出來的（書19:9）。看來，最初勘察這地的人以為它比實際更大，以為它可以按照他們為猶大所劃出的比例，給每個支派同等大的份額；但經過更嚴密的查勘，發現並不夠分配（書19:9）：「猶大人的分過多」——超過了他們所需的，也超過了（事實證明）落在他們份內的。然而神並沒有藉著拈鬮削減它，而是把它留給他們的智慧和細心，讓他們日後去發現並糾正這個錯誤；當他們這樣做的時候，1. 猶大人並不反對把那些在初次分配時落在他們境內的城邑再取走，因為他們既被說服自己所得的確超過了當得的份。在所有這類情況下，若有需要，錯誤都當被承認，覆核也當被允准。雖然嚴格說來，落在他們鬮分裡的便是他們對抗全世界的權利，然而當情況顯明別的支派會缺少他們所多餘的，他們就不堅持己見了。當注意：我們當顧念別人的事，不可只顧自己的事。有些人豐盛，當補足別人的缺乏，使大家可以均平——在沒有律法規定之處，可以有公義。2. 這樣從猶大取出來、要歸入新鬮分的地，神護理的安排把它指向了西緬支派，為要使雅各關於這支派的預言得著應驗——「我要使他們在雅各眾子中分散」。西緬的諸城散佈在猶大之內，除了朝向大海的那一側之外，他們被猶大所環繞。這使他們與猶大支派結盟（士1:3），日後在十個支派叛離歸向耶羅波安之時，也成了這支派中許多人忠於大衛家的好機緣。代下15:9，「他們從西緬人中出來歸向亞撒的甚多。」與好鄰舍為鄰，實為美事。
II. 他們鬮分之內的城邑在此一一列出。別是巴（或稱示巴，因為這兩個名稱看來是指同一處地方）被列在首位。我們在大衛故事中讀到的洗革拉，也在其中。至於他們怎樣擴張自己的境界、為自己開闢空間，我們可見代上4:39-43等。
English original
The Lot of Simeon (1444 BC)
¹ And the second lot came forth to Simeon, even for the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families: and their inheritance was within the inheritance of the children of Judah.
² And they had in their inheritance Beer-sheba, or Sheba, and Moladah,
³ And Hazar-shual, and Balah, and Azem,
⁴ And Eltolad, and Bethul, and Hormah,
⁵ And Ziklag, and Beth-marcaboth, and Hazar-susah,
⁶ And Beth-lebaoth, and Sharuhen; thirteen cities and their villages:
⁷ Ain, Remmon, and Ether, and Ashan; four cities and their villages:
⁸ And all the villages that were round about these cities to Baalath-beer, Ramath of the south. This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families.
⁹ Out of the portion of the children of Judah was the inheritance of the children of Simeon: for the part of the children of Judah was too much for them: therefore the children of Simeon had their inheritance within the inheritance of them.
Simeon's lot was drawn after Judah's, Joseph's, and Benjamin's, because Jacob had put that tribe under disgrace; yet it is put before the two younger sons of Leah and the three sons of the handmaids. Not one person of note, neither judge nor prophet, was of this tribe, that we know of.
I. The situation of their lot was within that of Judah (Jos 19:1) and was taken from it, Jos 19:9. It seems, those that first surveyed the land thought it larger than it was, and that it would have held out to give every tribe in proportion as large a share as they had carved out for Judah; but, upon a more strict enquiry, it was found that it would not reach (Jos 19:9): The part of the children of Judah was too much for them, more than they needed, and more, as it proved, than fell to their share. Yet God did not by the lot lessen it, but left it to their prudence and care afterwards to discover and rectify the mistake, which when they did, 1. The men of Judah did not oppose the taking away of the cities again, which by the first distribution fell within their border, when they were convinced that they had more than their proportion. In all such cases errors must be excepted and a review admitted if there be occasion. Though, in strictness, what fell to their lot was their right against all the world, yet they would not insist upon it when it appeared that another tribe would want what they had to spare. Note, We must look on the things of others, and not on our own only. The abundance of some must supply the wants of others, that there may be somewhat of an equality, for which there may be equity where there is not law. 2. That which was thus taken off from Judah to be put into a new lot Providence directed to the tribe of Simeon, that Jacob's prophecy concerning this tribe might be fulfilled, I will divide them in Jacob. The cities of Simeon were scattered in Judah, with which tribe they were surrounded, except on that side towards the sea. This brought them into a confederacy with the tribe of Judah (Jdg 1:3), and afterwards was a happy occasion of the adherence of many of this tribe to the house of David, at the time of the revolt of the ten tribes to Jeroboam. 2Ch 15:9, out of Simeon they fell to Asa in abundance. It is good being in a good neighbourhood.
II. The cities within their lot are here named. Beersheba, or Sheba, for these names seem to refer to the same place, is put first. Ziklag, which we read of in David's story, is one of them. What course they took to enlarge their borders and make room for themselves we find 1Ch 4:39-43, etc.
10-16
The Lot of Zebulun (1444 BC)
繁體中文
西布倫的鬮分（主前1444年）
¹⁰ 為西布倫人，按著宗族，拈出第三鬮。他們地業的境界，是到撒利得； ¹¹ 往西上到瑪拉拉，達到大巴設，又達到約念前的河； ¹² 又從撒利得往東，向日出之地，到基斯洛‧他泊的境界，又通到大利比，上到雅非亞； ¹³ 從那裏往東，接連到迦特‧希弗，以特‧拿辛，通到臨門，直到拿哈； ¹⁴ 又向北繞到哈拿頓，直通到伊弗他‧伊勒谷； ¹⁵ 還有加他、拿哈拉、伸崙、以大拉、伯利恆，共十二座城，還有屬城的村莊。 ¹⁶ 這就是西布倫人按著宗族所得的地業，這些城邑與屬城的村莊。
這是西布倫的鬮分。西布倫雖然出生在以薩迦之後，但卻被雅各和摩西在他以先祝福；因此他先於以薩迦拈鬮，他的地業在以薩迦的北面、亞設的南面。1. 這支派的鬮分西臨大海，東接提比哩亞海，應驗了雅各的預言（Ge 49:13）：「西布倫必成為停船的海口」——在大海上有貿易的船隻，在加利利海上有打魚的船隻。2. 雖然這支派中有一些地方在舊約中十分著名，尤其是「迦密山」——以利亞時代神與巴力之間那場著名試驗就在其上舉行——但它在新約中更為顯赫；因為在這支派的鬮分之內有拿撒勒——我們蒙福的救主在地上度過了他大部分時光的地方，他也因此被稱為「拿撒勒人耶穌」；還有他變像的「他泊山」，以及基督傳了許多篇道、行了許多神蹟的加利利海一帶。
English original
The Lot of Zebulun (1444 BC)
¹⁰ And the third lot came up for the children of Zebulun according to their families: and the border of their inheritance was unto Sarid:
¹¹ And their border went up toward the sea, and Maralah, and reached to Dabbasheth, and reached to the river that is before Jokneam;
¹² And turned from Sarid eastward toward the sunrising unto the border of Chisloth-tabor, and then goeth out to Daberath, and goeth up to Japhia,
¹³ And from thence passeth on along on the east to Gittah-hepher, to Ittah-kazin, and goeth out to Remmon-methoar to Neah;
¹⁴ And the border compasseth it on the north side to Hannathon: and the outgoings thereof are in the valley of Jiphthah-el:
¹⁵ And Kattath, and Nahallal, and Shimron, and Idalah, and Beth-lehem: twelve cities with their villages.
¹⁶ This is the inheritance of the children of Zebulun according to their families, these cities with their villages.
This is the lot of Zebulun, who, though born of Leah after Issachar, yet was blessed by Jacob and Moses before him; and therefore it was so ordered that his lot was drawn before that of Issachar, north of which it lay and south of Asher. 1. The lot of this tribe was washed by the great sea on the west, and by the sea of Tiberias on the east, answering Jacob's prophecy (Ge 49:13), Zebulun shall be a haven of ships, trading ships on the great sea and fishing ships on the sea of Galilee. 2. Though there were some places in this tribe which were made famous in the Old Testament, especially Mount Carmel, on which the famous trial was between God and Baal in Elijah's time, yet it was made much more illustrious in the New Testament; for within the lot of this tribe was Nazareth, where our blessed Saviour spent so much of his time on earth, and from which he was called Jesus of Nazareth, and Mount Tabor on which he was transfigured, and that coast of the sea of Galilee on which Christ preached so many sermons and wrought so many miracles.
17-23
The Lot of Issachar (1444 BC)
繁體中文
以薩迦的鬮分（主前1444年）
¹⁷ 第四鬮是以薩迦的，就是以薩迦人按著宗族所得的。 ¹⁸ 他們的地界是到耶斯列、基蘇律、書念、 ¹⁹ 哈弗利、示翁、亞拿哈拉、 ²⁰ 拉璧、基善、亞伯、 ²¹ 連利米特、隱干寧、隱哈大、伯帕斯； ²² 又通到他泊、沙哈洗瑪、伯示麥，直通到約旦河為止：共十六座城，還有屬城的村莊。 ²³ 這些城並屬城的村莊，就是以薩迦支派按著宗族所得的產業。
以薩迦的鬮分從東面的約旦河延伸到西面的大海，南有瑪拿西，北有西布倫。這是一個人口眾多的支派（Nu 26:25）。士師陀拉屬於這支派（Jdg 10:1）。以色列諸王中的巴沙也是如此（1Ki 15:27）。這支派中最著名的地方是：1. 耶斯列——亞哈的宮殿在那裏，拿伯的葡萄園也在其附近。2. 書念——那位接待以利沙的好書念婦人所住之地。3. 基順河——底波拉和巴拉在其河岸上（這支派境內）擊敗了西西拉。4. 基利波山——掃羅和約拿單在上面陣亡，離隱多珥不遠，掃羅曾在隱多珥求問交鬼的婦人。5. 米吉多平原——約西亞在哈達‧臨門附近被殺（2Ki 23:29; Zec 12:11）。
English original
The Lot of Issachar (1444 BC)
¹⁷ And the fourth lot came out to Issachar, for the children of Issachar according to their families.
¹⁸ And their border was toward Jezreel, and Chesulloth, and Shunem,
¹⁹ And Hapharaim, and Shion, and Anaharath,
²⁰ And Rabbith, and Kishion, and Abez,
²¹ And Remeth, and En-gannim, and En-haddah, and Beth-pazzez;
²² And the coast reacheth to Tabor, and Shahazimah, and Beth-shemesh; and the outgoings of their border were at Jordan: sixteen cities with their villages.
²³ This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Issachar according to their families, the cities and their villages.
The lot of Issachar ran from Jordan in the east to the great sea in the west, Manasseh on the south, and Zebulun on the north. A numerous tribe, Nu 26:25. Tola, one of the judges, was of this tribe, Jdg 10:1. So was Baasha, one of the kings of Israel, 1Ki 15:27. The most considerable places in this tribe were, 1. Jezreel, in which was Ahab's palace, and near it Naboth's vineyard. 2. Shunem, where lived that good Shunamite that entertained Elisha. 3. The river Kishon, on the banks of which, in this tribe, Sisera was beaten by Deborah and Barak. 4. The mountains of Gilboa, on which Saul and Jonathan were slain, which were not far from Endor, where Saul consulted the witch. 5. The valley of Megiddo, where Josiah was slain near Hadad-rimmon, 2Ki 23:29, Zec 12:11.
24-31
The Lot of Asher (1444 BC)
繁體中文
亞設的鬮分（主前1444年）
²⁴ 為亞設支派，按著宗族，拈出第五鬮。 ²⁵ 他們的地界是黑甲、哈利、比田、亞割瑪、 ²⁶ 亞拉米勒、亞末、米沙勒；往西到迦密，又到希曷立納、 ²⁷ 轉向日出之地，到伯大袞，達到細步倫；往北到伯以墨谷，又到尼業，向左出到迦步勒， ²⁸ 又到希伯倫、利合、哈們、加拿，直到大西頓； ²⁹ 再轉到拉瑪、堅固城推羅；又轉到何薩；地界直通到海，從亞柯到亞革悉： ³⁰ 又有烏瑪、亞弗、利合：共二十二座城，還有屬城的村莊。 ³¹ 這些城並屬城的村莊，就是亞設支派按著宗族所得的產業。
亞設的鬮分位於大海沿岸。我們在聖經中沒有讀到這支派有甚麼著名的人物，除了女先知亞拿——在我們救主降生之時，她常住在殿中（Lu 2:36）。這支派中也沒有許多著名的地方。亞弗（Jos 19:30 提及）是便哈達被亞哈擊敗的附近之地（1Ki 20:30）。但緊鄰這支派的，是著名的海港城推羅和西頓，我們在聖經中讀到許多關於它們的事。推羅在此被稱為「堅固城」（Jos 19:29），但帕特里克主教認為它不是我們後來所讀到的那座推羅，因為那座建在島上；這座古老的堅固城建在大陸上。有人推測，當約書亞入侵時，許多迦南人逃入西頓和推羅這兩個據點避難。
English original
The Lot of Asher (1444 BC)
²⁴ And the fifth lot came out for the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families.
²⁵ And their border was Helkath, and Hali, and Beten, and Achshaph,
²⁶ And Alammelech, and Amad, and Misheal; and reacheth to Carmel westward, and to Shihor-libnath;
²⁷ And turneth toward the sunrising to Beth-dagon, and reacheth to Zebulun, and to the valley of Jiphthah-el toward the north side of Beth-emek, and Neiel, and goeth out to Cabul on the left hand,
²⁸ And Hebron, and Rehob, and Hammon, and Kanah, even unto great Zidon;
²⁹ And then the coast turneth to Ramah, and to the strong city Tyre; and the coast turneth to Hosah; and the outgoings thereof are at the sea from the coast to Achzib:
³⁰ Ummah also, and Aphek, and Rehob: twenty and two cities with their villages.
³¹ This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families, these cities with their villages.
The lot of Asher lay upon the coast of the great sea. We read not of any famous person of this tribe but Anna the prophetess, who was a constant resident in the temple at the time of our Saviour's birth, Lu 2:36. Nor were there many famous places in this tribe. Aphek (mentioned Jos 19:30) was the place near which Benhadad was beaten by Ahad, 1Ki 20:30. But close adjoining to this tribe were the celebrated sea-port towns of Tyre and Sidon, which we read so much of. Tyre is called here that strong city (Jos 19:29), but Bishop Patrick thinks it was not the same Tyre that we read of afterwards, for that was built on an island; this old strong city was on the continent. And it is conjectured by some that into these two strong-holds, Sidon and Tzor, or Tyre, many of the people of Canaan fled and took shelter when Joshua invaded them.
32-39
The Lot of Naphtali (1444 BC)
繁體中文
拿弗他利的鬮分（主前1444年）
³² 為拿弗他利人，就是為拿弗他利人按著宗族，拈出第六鬮。 ³³ 他們的地界是從希利弗、從撒拿音的橡樹，從亞大米、尼吉伯、雅比聶，直到拉共，直通到約旦河； ³⁴ 又轉西到亞斯納他泊，從那裏出到戶割，南邊達到西布倫，西邊達到亞設，又向日出之處達到約旦河那裏的猶大。 ³⁵ 堅固的城就是西丁、色、哈末、拉甲、基尼烈、 ³⁶ 亞大瑪、拉瑪、夏瑣、 ³⁷ 基低斯、以得來、隱夏瑣、 ³⁸ 以利穩、米撒勒、何念、伯亞納、伯示麥：共十九座城，還有屬城的村莊。 ³⁹ 這些城並屬城的村莊，就是拿弗他利支派按著宗族所得的產業。
拿弗他利位於一切支派的最北端，與黎巴嫩山接壤。利善（或稱拉億）城位於其最北的邊緣，因此當但人攻取了它、稱之為「但」之後，迦南從北到南的長度就從但到別是巴來計算。它南有西布倫，西有亞設，東面約旦河旁有「猶大」——大概是一座同名之城，因此與猶大支派有所區別。約書亞正是在這支派的鬮中、米倫水邊，與耶賓爭戰並擊潰了他（Jos 11:1-14 等）。在這支派中有迦百農和伯賽大，位於提比哩亞海的北端，基督在那裏行了許多異能；也有（據推測）基督在其上傳道的那座山（Mt 5:1）。
English original
The Lot of Naphtali (1444 BC)
³² The sixth lot came out to the children of Naphtali, even for the children of Naphtali according to their families.
³³ And their coast was from Heleph, from Allon to Zaanannim, and Adami, Nekeb, and Jabneel, unto Lakum; and the outgoings thereof were at Jordan:
³⁴ And then the coast turneth westward to Aznoth-tabor, and goeth out from thence to Hukkok, and reacheth to Zebulun on the south side, and reacheth to Asher on the west side, and to Judah upon Jordan toward the sunrising.
³⁵ And the fenced cities are Ziddim, Zer, and Hammath, Rakkath, and Chinnereth,
³⁶ And Adamah, and Ramah, and Hazor,
³⁷ And Kedesh, and Edrei, and En-hazor,
³⁸ And Iron, and Migdal-el, Horem, and Beth-anath, and Beth-shemesh; nineteen cities with their villages.
³⁹ This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Naphtali according to their families, the cities and their villages.
Naphtali lay furthest north of all the tribes, bordering on Mount Libanus. The city of Leshem, or Liash, lay on the utmost edge of it to the north, and therefore when the Danites had made themselves masters of it, and called it Dan, the length of Canaan from north to south was reckoned from Dan to Beersheba. It had Zebulun on the south, Asher on the west, and Judah upon Jordan, probably a city of that name, and so distinguished from the tribe of Judah on the east. It was in the lot of this tribe, near the waters of Merom, that Joshua fought and routed Jabin, Jos 11:1-14. etc. In this tribe stood Capernaum and Bethsaida, on the north end of the sea of Tiberias, in which Christ did so many mighty works; and the mountain (as is supposed) on which Christ preached, Mt 5:1.
40-48
The Lot of Dan (1444 BC)
繁體中文
但的鬮分（主前1444年）
⁴⁰ 為但支派，按著宗族，拈出第七鬮。 ⁴¹ 他們所得為業的地界是：瑣拉、以實陶、伊珥示麥、 ⁴² 沙拉賓、亞雅崙、伊提拉、 ⁴³ 以倫、亭拿他、以倫、以革倫、 ⁴⁴ 以勒提、基比頓、巴拉、 ⁴⁵ 伊胡得、比尼比拉、迦特臨門、 ⁴⁶ 美耶昆、拉昆，並約帕對面的地界。 ⁴⁷ 但人的地界不夠他們居住，因此但人上去攻打利善，奪了它，用刀擊殺城中的人，得了那城，住在其中，按著他們先祖但的名字，稱利善為但。 ⁴⁸ 這些城並屬城的村莊，就是但支派按著宗族所得的產業。
但支派雖然在曠野率領以色列營中四隊之一——殿後的那隊——卻在迦南最後才得地，它的鬮落在迦南南部，東有猶大，西有非利士人之地，北有以法蓮，南有西緬。護理將這人口眾多、勢力強大的支派安排在危險的崗位，因他們最能對付那些煩人的鄰舍非利士人，這在參孫身上也得到了印證。這裏記述了：1. 這支派拈鬮所得的：瑣拉、以實陶，以及但在其周圍的營地——我們在參孫的故事中讀到這些。附近有以實各谷，探子從那裏帶回了著名的葡萄串。約帕也在這鬮中。2. 他們靠自己的勤奮和英勇所取得的，在此被提及（Jos 19:47），但詳細記載在 Jdg 18:7-31 等。
English original
The Lot of Dan (1444 BC)
⁴⁰ And the seventh lot came out for the tribe of the children of Dan according to their families.
⁴¹ And the coast of their inheritance was Zorah, and Eshtaol, and Ir-shemesh,
⁴² And Shaalabbin, and Ajalon, and Jethlah,
⁴³ And Elon, and Thimnathah, and Ekron,
⁴⁴ And Eltekeh, and Gibbethon, and Baalath,
⁴⁵ And Jehud, and Bene-berak, and Gath-rimmon,
⁴⁶ And Me-jarkon, and Rakkon, with the border before Japho.
⁴⁷ And the coast of the children of Dan went out too little for them: therefore the children of Dan went up to fight against Leshem, and took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and possessed it, and dwelt therein, and called Leshem, Dan, after the name of Dan their father.
⁴⁸ This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Dan according to their families, these cities with their villages.
Dan, though commander of one of the four squadrons of the camp of Israel, in the wilderness, that which brought up the rear, yet was last provided for in Canaan, and his lot fell in the southern part of Canaan, between Judah on the east and the land of the Philistines on the west, Ephraim on the north and Simeon on the south. Providence ordered this numerous and powerful tribe into a post of danger, as best able to deal with those vexatious neighbours the Philistines, and so it was found in Samson. Here is an account, 1. Of what fell to this tribe by lot, Zorah, and Eshtaol, and the camp of Dan thereabouts, of which we read in the story of Samson. And near there was the valley of Eshcol, whence the spies brought the famous bunch of grapes. Japho, or Joppa was in this lot. 2. Of what they got by their own industry and valour, which is mentioned here (Jos 19:47), but related at large, Jdg 18:7-31, etc.
49-51
The Inheritance of Joshua (1444 BC)
繁體中文
約書亞的產業（主前1444年）
⁴⁹ 以色列人按著境界分完了地業，就在他們中間將地給嫩的兒子約書亞為業， ⁵⁰ 是照耶和華的吩咐，將他所求的城給了他，就是以法蓮山地的亭拿西拉。他就修造那城，住在其中。 ⁵¹ 這就是祭司以利亞撒和嫩的兒子約書亞，並以色列人支派的族長，在示羅會幕門口，耶和華面前，拈鬮所分的地業。這樣，他們把地分完了。
在這段分地的記述被莊嚴結束之前（Jos 19:51，暗示事情使所有人都滿意），這裏記述了指派給約書亞的特別產業。1. 他最後才得地，雖然他是全以色列最年長、最偉大的人，而且既在征服迦南中擔任統帥，本可以為自己和家族要求在那地的頭一個定居之所。但他要表明，他在一切所行的事上，尋求的是國家的利益，而非自己的任何私利。他甘心不定居，直到看見他們全都安頓下來；在此他為一切身居公職的人樹立了大榜樣——當以公共福祉為先，過於個人的滿足。當先讓公眾得著服事。2. 他的鬮是「照耶和華的吩咐」而得的。很可能，當神藉摩西告訴迦勒他將得甚麼產業時（Jos 14:9），他也給了約書亞同樣的應許，約書亞在選擇時正是注目於此：這使他的分加倍甘甜——他所得的，不是像其餘的人那樣藉著普通的護理，而是藉著特別的應許。3. 他選擇在以法蓮山地——屬於他自己支派的地——藉此他使自己與他們一同有分，雖然他本可憑特權在自己的支派之外選擇產業，譬如猶大支派，藉此與他們有所分別。不要讓任何人的晉升或尊榮使他以自己的家族或家鄉為恥，或使他與之疏離。帳幕立在以法蓮的鬮中，約書亞也設法不離它太遠。4. 據說「以色列人」將這地「給了他」（Jos 19:49），這說明了他的謙卑——他不願在沒有百姓的同意和認可下擅自取地，好像藉此承認自己雖然「大於任何一個人」，卻「小於整體」，即使自己家族的地業，也是在神之下、憑百姓的授予而持有的。5. 這是一座必須先建造才適合居住的城。當別人住在不是自己建造的房屋中時，約書亞卻必須為自己建造（使他成為勤奮和安於簡陋的榜樣）——那些他能倉促搭建的建築，不講究精巧或華麗。我們的主耶穌也是如此來住在我們中間，不是在奢華中，而是在貧窮中，為我們預備安息之處，自己卻「沒有枕首的地方」。「基督也不求自己的喜悅。」
English original
The Inheritance of Joshua (1444 BC)
⁴⁹ When they had made an end of dividing the land for inheritance by their coasts, the children of Israel gave an inheritance to Joshua the son of Nun among them:
⁵⁰ According to the word of the LORD they gave him the city which he asked, even Timnath-serah in mount Ephraim: and he built the city, and dwelt therein.
⁵¹ These are the inheritances, which Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers of the tribes of the children of Israel, divided for an inheritance by lot in Shiloh before the LORD, at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. So they made an end of dividing the country.
Before this account of the dividing of the land is solemnly closed up, in the Jos 19:51, which intimates that the thing was done to the satisfaction of all, here is an account of the particular inheritance assigned to Joshua. 1. He was last served, though the eldest and greatest man of all Israel, and who, having commanded in the conquest of Canaan, might have demanded the first settlement in it for himself and his family. But he would make it to appear that in all he did he sought the good of his country, and not any private interest of his own. He was content to be unfixed till he saw them all settled; and herein is a great example to all in public places to prefer the common welfare before their particular satisfaction. Let the public be first served. 2. He had his lot according to the word of the Lord. It is probable that, when God by Moses told Caleb what inheritance he should have (Jos 14:9), he gave the like promise to Joshua, which he had an eye to in making his election: this made his portion doubly pleasant, that he had it, not as the rest by common providence, but by special promise. 3. He chose it in Mount Ephraim, which belonged to his own tribe, with which he thereby put himself in common, when he might by prerogative have chosen his inheritance in some other tribe, as suppose that of Judah, and thereby have distinguished himself from them. Let no man's preferment or honour make him ashamed of his family or country, or estrange him from it. The tabernacle was set up in the lot of Ephraim, and Joshua would forecast not to be far from that. 4. The children of Israel are said to give it to him (Jos 19:49), which bespeaks his humility, that he would not take it to himself without the people's consent and approbation, as if he would thereby own himself, though major singulis—greater than any one, yet minor universis—less than the whole assemblage, and would hold even the estate of his family, under God, by the grant of the people. 5. It was a city that must be built before it was fit to be dwelt in. While others dwelt in houses which they built not, Joshua must erect for himself (that he might be a pattern of industry and contentment with mean things) such buildings as he could hastily run up, without curiosity or magnificence. Our Lord Jesus thus came and dwelt among us, not in pomp but poverty, providing rest for us, yet himself not having where to lay his head. Even Christ pleased not himself.
在描述猶大與便雅憫的鬮分時，我們既看到環繞他們的邊界，也看到其中所包含的城邑。在以法蓮與瑪拿西的記載中，我們只見邊界，卻未列城邑；而在本章中，西緬與但只以城邑描述，沒有記述邊界，因為他們的地業大多在猶大境內，西緬尤其如此；其餘各支派則既有邊界的描述，也有城邑名稱，尤以邊境為甚。本章記有：一、西緬的鬮分（Jos 19:1-9）。二、西布倫（Jos 19:10-16）。三、以薩迦（Jos 19:17-23）。四、亞設（Jos 19:24-31）。五、拿弗他利（Jos 19:32-39）。六、但（Jos 19:40-48）。最後，分給約書亞本人及其家族的產業（Jos 19:49-51）。