Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
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Barnes' Notes on the Bible
Albert Barnes · 1834
Albert Barnes' Notes on Revelation Of St. John The Divine (New Testament, English original, public domain). Sourced from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes.
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Adam Clarke's Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Adam Clarke · 1831
Public domain English commentary by Adam Clarke, normalized from Wikisource book pages for scripture.how. Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/clarke.
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John Gill's Exposition of the Bible
John Gill · 1763
John Gill(1697-1771), Exposition of the Old and New Testament(1746-1763). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/gill.
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Calvin's Commentaries
John Calvin · 1850
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Matthew Poole's Annotations upon the Holy Bible
Matthew Poole · 1685
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The Pulpit Commentary
ed. H.D.M. Spence & Joseph S. Exell · 1890
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Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
Carl F. Keil, Franz Delitzsch · 1866
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Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
ed. Charles J. Ellicott · 1878
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Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Cambridge (다저자) · 1900
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Vincent's Word Studies in the New Testament
Marvin R. Vincent · 1887
신약 헬라어 단어 연구
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Word Pictures in the New Testament
A.T. Robertson · 1933
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The Expositor's Greek Testament
ed. W. Robertson Nicoll (다저자) · 1910
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Meyer's Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament
Heinrich A.W. Meyer · 1880
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley · 1755
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Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments
Joseph Benson · 1815
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The Treasury of David
Charles H. Spurgeon · 1885
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MacLaren's Expositions of Holy Scripture
Alexander Maclaren · 1910
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The People's New Testament
B.W. Johnson · 1891
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Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible
Thomas Coke · 1803
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Trapp's Complete Commentary
John Trapp · 1660
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Hodge's Commentary on the New Testament
Charles Hodge · 1860
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Adam Clarke's Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Numbers 7 Introduction
When the tabernacle was fully set up, it appeared that the princes of the twelve tribes had prepared six covered wagons, drawn by two oxen each, one wagon for two tribes, for the service of the tabernacle, Numbers 7:1-3. Moses is commanded to receive this offering, and distribute the whole to the Levites according to their service, Numbers 7:4, Numbers 7:5. Moses does so, and gives two wagons and four oxen to the sons of Gershon, Numbers 7:6, Numbers 7:7; and four wagons and eight oxen to the sons of Merari, Numbers 7:8. The sons of Kohath have none, because they were to bear the ark, etc., on their shoulders, Numbers 7:9. Each prince is to take a day for presenting his offerings, Numbers 7:10, Numbers 7:11. On the first day Nahshon, of the tribe of Judah, offers a silver charger, a silver bowl, a golden spoon, a young bullock, a ram, a lamb, and a kid, for a Sin-Offering; two oxen, five rams, five he-goats, and five lambs, for a Peace-Offering, Numbers 7:12-17. On the second day Nethaneel, of the tribe of Issachar, offers the like, Numbers 7:18-23. On the third day Eliab, of the tribe of Zebulun, offers the like, Numbers 7:24-29. On the fourth day Elizur, of the tribe of Reuben, offers the like, Numbers 7:30-35. On the fifth day Shelumiel, of the tribe of Simeon, made a similar offering, Numbers 7:36-41. On the sixth day Eliasaph, of the tribe of Gad, made his offering, Numbers 7:42-47. On the seventh day Elishama, of the tribe of Ephraim, made his offering, Numbers 7:48-53. On the eighth day Gamaliel, of the tribe of Manasseh, made his offering, Numbers 7:54-59. On the ninth day Abidan, of the tribe of Benjamin, made his offering, Numbers 7:60-65. On the tenth day Ahiezer, of the tribe of Dan, made his offering, Numbers 7:66-71. On the eleventh day Pagiel, of the tribe of Asher, made his offering, Numbers 7:72-77. On the twelfth day Ahira, of the tribe of Naphtali, made the same kind of offering, Numbers 7:78-83. The sum total of all vessels and cattle which were offered was twelve silver chargers, and twelve silver bowls; twelve golden spoons; twelve bullocks, twelve rams, and twelve kids; twenty-four bullocks, sixty rams, sixty he-goats, and sixty lambs, Numbers 7:84-88. The offerings being ended, Moses goes into the tabernacle, and hears the voice of the Lord from the mercy-seat, Numbers 7:89.
INTRODUCTION TO Numbers 7
This chapter gives an account of the presents brought, by the princes of the twelve tribes at the setting up of the tabernacle, for the use of it, Numbers 7:1; and at the dedication of the altar, and the service of that, Numbers 7:10; first of the prince of the tribe of Judah, Numbers 7:12; then of the prince of Issachar, Numbers 7:18; of the prince of Zebulun, Numbers 7:24; of the prince of Reuben, Numbers 7:30; of the prince of Simeon, Numbers 7:36; of the prince of Gad, Numbers 7:42; of the prince of Ephraim, Numbers 7:48; of the prince of Manasseh, Numbers 7:54; of the prince of Benjamin, Numbers 7:60; of the prince of Dan, Numbers 7:66; of the prince of Asher, Numbers 7:72; of the prince of Naphtali, Numbers 7:78; the sum of all which follows, Numbers 7:84; and the chapter is concluded with a token of God's approbation and acceptance of the whole, Numbers 7:89.
VII.
(1) On the day that Moses had fully set up the tabernacle.—Better, had finished the setting up of the tabernacle. The offerings of the princes occupied twelve days, the sacrifices being too numerous to be offered at the same time. It follows, therefore, that the expression “on the day” here and in Numbers 7:10 must be understood, as in Genesis 2:4, as meaning “at the time.” The verse, however, may be read thus: “And it came to pass on the day . . . that he anointed it . . . ;” in which case the following verse would begin thus: “And the princes of Israel . . .” It should be observed, however, on the other hand, that Numbers 7:10 connects the time of the offerings with that of the anointing of the altar. In any case, the expression “on the day” needs to be interpreted in the wider sense, which it not unfrequently requires, inasmuch as the Tabernacle was set up on the first day of the first month of the second year (Exodus 40:17), and the events recorded in this and the preceding chapters appear to have taken place on and after the first day of the second month of that year (Numbers 1:1). The account of the setting up of the Tabernacle and the altar, &c., is contained in Exodus 40:17-33, and the account of the anointing and consecration is contained in Leviticus 8:10-11. It appears from a comparison of Exodus 40:17 with Numbers 10:11 that fifty days intervened between the erection of the Tabernacle and the beginning of the march from Sinai.
(2) And were over them that were numbered.—The first mention of these princes is found in connection with the numbering of the tribes (Numbers 1:4).
(3) Six covered wagons.—In Isaiah 66:20 the word which is here rendered covered, and which is a noun, occurs in the plural, and is rendered in the Authorised Version litters. It occurs nowhere else in the same sense. It seems probable, however, that the Vulgate, which the Authorised Version follows, has the right signification: plaustra tecta.
(7) Two wagons and four oxen.—The Gershonites had charge of the hangings of the Tabernacle and court (Numbers 4:25-26), whilst the Merarites had charge of the boards, pillars, &c., which were of much greater weight (Numbers 4:31-32). The Kohathites were required to bear their burdens on poles upon their shoulders (Numbers 7:9), and therefore did not require any wagons.
(10) For dedicating of the altar.—Literally, the dedication of the altar—i.e., the gifts made at the dedication of the altar.
(12) And he that offered his offering the first day . . . —It should be observed that the order in which the offerings were made is not that of Numbers 1, but that observed in the encampments, as prescribed in Numbers 2.
(13) And his offering was one silver charger . . . —The offerings of the twelve princes, or rather of the tribes which the princes represented, was the same in each case. The repetition of the description of the offerings, which occupies the remaining portion of this chapter, may serve to denote the special regard which God has to the offerings of His people, as may be learned from the notice which our Lord took of the offerings which were made for the Temple service, and His commendation of that of the poor widow who cast her two mites into the treasury (Mark 12:41-44).
(89) And when Moses was gone . . . —Better, And when Moses went—i.e., as often as he went.
To speak with him—i.e., with God. Inasmuch as the tent of meeting took its name from the promise made to Moses (Exodus 25:22) that God would meet with him there, it was not necessary to supply the Divine name. The terms in which the promise is expressed seem to denote that it was in the Holy of Holies that God met with Moses.
The voice of one speaking unto him.—Better, the voice speaking unto him. (Comp. Revelation 1:12; Revelation 6:6.)
From off the mercy seat.—Or, from over the mercy seat.
The ark of testimony.—Better, the ark of the testimony—so called from the fact that the Testimony (i.e., the two tables of the Law) was put in it (Exodus 25:16).
The offerings of the princes
This chapter affords the most striking instance in the Pentateuch of the Priestly style. The mechanical formulas and verbal repetitions are, to modern ears, monotonous and tautological; but for the writer it was evidently a delight to emphasize by this means the liberality of the princes. The twelve princes named in Numbers 1:5-15, one for each of the secular tribes, brought gifts for the Tabernacle. Firstly (Numbers 7:1-9), each prince gave an ox and each pair of princes gave a wagon. These were assigned by Moses to the Gershonites and Merarites for their work of transport. Secondly (Numbers 7:10-83), each prince made an offering, identically the same in every case—flour mingled with oil in silver vessels for meal-offerings, a golden saucer or pan (R.V. ‘spoon’) full of incense, and animals for burnt-, sin-, and peace-offerings. Jehovah commanded them to present their gifts on successive days (Numbers 7:11), and the writer therefore enumerates the items practically verbatim twelve times. And in Numbers 7:84-88 he repeats them yet again with the figures multiplied by twelve, in order to sum up the grand total. He draws this ideal picture probably in order to encourage liberality for Temple purposes in his own day.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Nu 7:1-89.
Nu 7:1-89.
THE PRINCES' OFFERINGS.
1. the day that Moses had fully set up the tabernacle--Those who take the word "day" as literally pointing to the exact date of the completion of the tabernacle, are under a necessity of considering the sacred narrative as disjointed, and this portion of the history from the seventh to the eleventh chapters as out of its place--the chronology requiring that it should have immediately followed the fortieth chapter of Exodus, which relates that the tabernacle was reared on the first day of the first month of the second year
[Ex 40:17].
But that the term "day" is used in a loose and indeterminate sense, as synonymous with time, is evident from the fact that not one day but several days were occupied with the transactions about to be described. So that this chapter stands in its proper place in the order of the history; after the tabernacle and its instruments (the altar and its vessels) had been anointed
(Le 8:10),
the Levites separated to the sacred service--the numbering of the people, and the disposal of the tribes about the tabernacle, in a certain order, which was observed by the princes in the presentation of their offerings. This would fix the period of the imposing ceremonial described in this chapter about a month after the completion of the tabernacle.
On the day that - i. e. "at the time that," compare Genesis 2:4. The presentation of the gifts in fact occupied twelve days, as the sequel shows.
The enactments set forth in the chapters from Leviticus 10 to Numbers 6 inclusive, were doubtless promulgated at various times between the consecration of the tabernacle and the departure from Sinai, but are for convenience set out connectedly. The contents of the present chapter are accordingly placed after them. The order pursued throughout is justly noted as one which would naturally suggest itself to a narrator who was contemporary with the events.
On the day that Moses had fully set up the tabernacle - The transactions mentioned in this chapter took place on the second day of the second month of the second year after their departure from Egypt; and the proper place of this account is immediately after the tenth chapter of Leviticus.
God having set up house (as it were) in the midst of the camp of Israel, the princes of Israel here come a visiting with their presents, as tenants to their landlord, in the name of their respective tribes. I. They brought presents, 1. Upon the dedication of the tabernacle, for the service of that, Nu 7:1-9. 2. Upon the dedication of the altar, for the use of that, Nu 7:10-88. And, II. God graciously signified his acceptance of them, Nu 7:89. The two foregoing chapters were the records of additional laws which God gave to Israel, this is the history of the additional services which Israel performed to God.