Comentario del capítulo
1 Chronicles Capítulo 7
1
1Ch 7:1-5.
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Original en inglés
1Ch 7:1-5.
SONS OF ISSACHAR.
1. Jashub--or Job
(Ge 46:13).
2
Sin título
繁體中文
2. 他們的數目在大衛年間共有二萬二千六百人——雖然大衛在位時曾下令進行人口普查,但聖史心中是否念及此次統計,則不能確定,因為我們在此看到便雅憫支派也被列舉
[1Ch 7:6-12],
而這一支派在大衛時代並未被數點;此外還有其他不同之處。
Original en inglés
2. whose number was in the days of David two and twenty thousand and six hundred--Although a census was taken in the reign of David by order of that monarch, it is not certain that the sacred historian had it in mind, since we find here the tribe of Benjamin enumerated
[1Ch 7:6-12],
which was not taken in David's time; and there are other points of dissimilarity.
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3. 五人,都是族長——此處只提及四人;既說有五人,則在這一數目中須將父親以斯拉謝也算在內;否則便是經文中脫落了一個名字。他們各人都領導本支派中一個人數眾多、頗具影響力的分支。
Original en inglés
3. five: all of them chief men--Four only are mentioned; so that as they are stated to be five, in this number the father, Izrahiah, must be considered as included; otherwise one of the names must have dropped out of the text. They were each at the head of a numerous and influential division of their tribe.
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5. 共有八萬七千人——不包括陀拉那一支所出的五萬八千六百人
(1Ch 7:24)，
因此在大衛年間，該支派的人口當有四萬五千六百人。這樣大幅的增長，歸因於多妻的風俗，以及婦人的多產。多妻雖然在希伯來人中間被容忍，卻主要限於顯貴富足之人；但以薩迦支派似乎普遍將之視為一種特權，「因為他們有許多的妻和兒子」 [1Ch 7:4]。
Original en inglés
5. fourscore and seven thousand--exclusive of the 58,600 men which the Tola branch had produced
(1Ch 7:24),
so that in the days of David the tribe would have contained a population of 45,600. This large increase was owing to the practice of polygamy, as well as the fruitfulness of the women. A plurality of wives, though tolerated among the Hebrews, was confined chiefly to the great and wealthy; but it seems to have been generally esteemed a privilege by the tribe of Issachar, "for they had many wives and sons"
[1Ch 7:4].
6
1Ch 7:6-12.
繁體中文
1Ch 7:6-12.
論便雅憫。
6. 便雅憫的兒子——在
Ge 46:21
共列了十個，但後來只列五個
(1Ch 8:1; Nu 26:38)。
大概其中五個因作為顯赫家族的首領而著稱，但由於有兩個在對便雅憫的血腥戰爭中陣亡
(Jud 20:46)，
這支派只剩下三個分支，所以此處只列舉這三個。
耶疊——或作亞斯別
(Genesis 46. 21)。
Original en inglés
1Ch 7:6-12.
OF BENJAMIN.
6. The sons of Benjamin--Ten are named in
Ge 46:21,
but only five later
(1Ch 8:1; Nu 26:38).
Perhaps five of them were distinguished as chiefs of illustrious families, but two having fallen in the bloody wars waged against Benjamin
(Jud 20:46),
there remained only three branches of this tribe, and these only are enumerated.
Jediael--Or Asbel
(Genesis 46. 21).
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繁體中文
7. 比拉的兒子——他們每一個都是所屬家族的首領或領袖。在較早的時期，便雅憫有七個大家族被提及
(Nu 26:38)，
其中五個由便雅憫的這五個兒子帶領，另外兩個源出比拉。此處則列舉了比拉的五個家族，由此我們可以推斷，時間或戰爭的蹂躪已大大改變了便雅憫的狀況，或者比拉的這五個家族是從屬於其他直接從這位先知的五個兒子所出的大支系的。
Original en inglés
7. the sons of Bela--Each of them was chief or leader of the family to which he belonged. In an earlier period seven great families of Benjamin are mentioned
(Nu 26:38),
five of them being headed by these five sons of Benjamin, and two descended from Bela. Here five families of Bela are specified, whence we are led to conclude that time or the ravages of war had greatly changed the condition of Benjamin, or that the five families of Bela were subordinate to the other great divisions that sprang directly from the five sons of the patriarch.
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12. 書品和戶品——他們在
Ge 46:21
稱為母平和戶平，在
Nu 26:39
稱為戶反和書反。他們是亦兒或以利的兒女
(1Ch 7:7)。
和亞黑的兒子戶伸——「兒子」。
亞黑——「亞黑」意為「另一個」，有些著名的批評學者將「亞黑」視為普通名詞，將本節譯作：「和戶伸，另一個兒子。」書品、母平和戶伸都是複數詞，因此所指的並非個人，而是他們各自家族的首領；由於他們並未包括在上文的 enumeration
(1Ch 7:7, 9)
之中，所以在此以附錄的形式補上。有人將本節譯作：「戶伸，另一個（即別的支派或家族）的兒子。」這名字也見於但的兒子之中
(Ge 46:23)，
而有利於這譯法的一個理由是：神聖的史家在記下拿弗他利的家譜
(1Ch 7:13)
之後，又加上「辟拉的眾子，這使女乃是但和拿弗他利的母親」。我們自然期望這兩個支派會被一併提及，但除了本節之外，但支派根本沒有被提及。
Original en inglés
12. Shuppim also, and Huppim--They are called Muppim and Huppim
(Ge 46:21)
and Hupham and Shupham
(Nu 26:39).
They were the children of Ir, or Iri
(1Ch 7:7).
and Hushim, the sons--"son."
of Aher--"Aher" signifies "another," and some eminent critics, taking "Aher" as a common noun, render the passage thus, "and Hushim, another son." Shuppim, Muppim, and Hushim are plural words, and therefore denote not individuals, but the heads of their respective families; and as they were not comprised in the above enumeration
(1Ch 7:7, 9)
they are inserted here in the form of an appendix. Some render the passage, "Hushim, the son of another," that is, tribe or family. The name occurs among the sons of Dan
(Ge 46:23),
and it is a presumption in favor of this being the true rendering, that after having recorded the genealogy of Naphtali
(1Ch 7:13)
the sacred historian adds, "the sons of Bilhah, the handmaid, who was the mother of Dan and Naphtali." We naturally expect, therefore, that these two will be noticed together, but Dan is not mentioned at all, if not in this passage.
13
1Ch 7:13.
繁體中文
1Ch 7:13.
論拿弗他利。
13. 沙龍——或作示冷
(Ge 46:24)。
辟拉的兒子——既然但和拿弗他利是她的兒子，那麼戶伸以及
1Ch 7:13
中所列的人，都是她的孫子。
Original en inglés
1Ch 7:13.
OF NAPHTALI.
13. Shallum--or Shillem
(Ge 46:24).
sons of Bilhah--As Dan and Naphtali were her sons, Hushim, as well as these enumerated in
1Ch 7:13,
were her grandsons.
14
1Ch 7:14-40.
繁體中文
1Ch 7:14-40.
論瑪拿西。
14, 15. 瑪拿西的兒子——或作後裔；因為亞斯列是孫子，而西羅非哈在世系上又隔了一代
(Nu 26:33)。
經文照現在的樣子，如此混亂複雜，要追出家譜的脈絡極為困難；為要澄清其中的晦暗，人們提出了各種各樣的猜測。本段
[1Ch 7:14, 15]
大概應當譯作：「瑪拿西的兒子是亞斯列，是他的亞蘭妾為他所生的；還有瑪吉，就是基列的父親（是他的妻子為他所生的）。瑪吉娶瑪迦為妻，她是戶平與書平的妹妹。」
Original en inglés
1Ch 7:14-40.
OF MANASSEH.
14, 15. The sons of Manasseh--or descendants; for Ashriel was a grandson, and Zelophehad was a generation farther removed in descent
(Nu 26:33).
The text, as it stands, is so confused and complicated that it is exceedingly difficult to trace the genealogical thread, and a great variety of conjectures have been made with a view to clear away the obscurity. The passage
[1Ch 7:14, 15]
should probably be rendered thus: "The sons of Manasseh were Ashriel, whom his Syrian concubine bare to him, and Machir, the father of Gilead (whom his wife bare to him). Machir took for a wife Maachah, sister to Huppim and Shuppim."
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21. 迦特人……殺了等——這個有趣的小插曲讓我們一窺希伯來人在埃及社會的狀況；因為所述的事件似乎發生在以色列人離開那地之前。先祖以法蓮那時仍然在世，雖然他必定已經非常年邁；而希伯來人——至少是他的後裔——仍然保持着牧人的特性。他們為了搶奪鄰近非利士部落的羊群而對其發動襲擊，這與東方牧人的觀念和習慣完全一致。因為在他們中間，向城邑的居民、或與他們沒有結盟的其他遊牧部落發動敵意的侵襲，乃是最常見不過的事。但若我們將希伯來文的連詞「因為」譯作「當」他們下來奪取牲畜之時，這事件便呈現出不同的面貌，因為上下文的脈絡倒使我們得出這樣的結論：「迦特人」才是侵略者，他們突然襲擊以法蓮人的羊群，殺了牧人，包括以法蓮的幾個兒子。這場災難在他們年邁父親的帳棚四周投下了深沉的陰影，也成為他從遠方親屬那裏收到慰問探訪的緣由——這是東方的習俗，在約伯的歷史中有顯著的例子
(Job 2:11;
參
Joh 11:19)。
Original en inglés
21. whom the men of Gath . . . slew, &c.--This interesting little episode gives us a glimpse of the state of Hebrew society in Egypt; for the occurrence narrated seems to have taken place before the Israelites left that country. The patriarch Ephraim was then alive, though he must have arrived at a very advanced age; and the Hebrew people, at all events those of them who were his descendants, still retained their pastoral character. It was in perfect consistency with the ideas and habits of Oriental shepherds that they should have made a raid on the neighboring tribe of the Philistines for the purpose of plundering their flocks. For nothing is more common among them than hostile incursions on the inhabitants of towns, or on other nomad tribes with whom they have no league of amity. But a different view of the incident is brought out, if, instead of "because," we render the Hebrew particle "when" they came down to take their cattle, for the tenor of the context leads rather to the conclusion that "the men of Gath" were the aggressors, who, making a sudden foray on the Ephraimite flocks, killed the shepherds including several of the sons of Ephraim. The calamity spread a deep gloom around the tent of their aged father, and was the occasion of his receiving visits of condolence from his distant relatives, according to the custom of the East, which is remarkably exemplified in the history of Job
(Job 2:11;
compare
Joh 11:19).
1Ch 7:1-5.
以薩迦的兒子
1. 雅述(Jashub)——或作約伯(Job)
(Ge 46:13)。