Comentario del capítulo
Exodus Capítulo 22
1
Ex 22:1-31.
繁體中文
Original en inglés
Ex 22:1-31.
LAWS CONCERNING THEFT.
1-4. If a man shall steal an ox, or a sheep--The law respects the theft of cattle which constituted the chief part of their property. The penalty for the theft of a sheep which was slain or sold, was fourfold; for an ox fivefold, because of its greater utility in labor; but, should the stolen animal have been recovered alive, a double compensation was all that was required, because it was presumable he (the thief) was not a practised adept in dishonesty. A robber breaking into a house at midnight might, in self-defense, be slain with impunity; but if he was slain after sunrise, it would be considered murder, for it was not thought likely an assault would then be made upon the lives of the occupants. In every case where a thief could not make restitution, he was sold as a slave for the usual term.
6
Sin título
繁體中文
6. 若火焚燒荊棘——這指的是東方常見的做法：在秋雨降下之前點燃枯草，以防止蟲害，並被認為是為下一季作物整地的良好預備。草本極度乾燥的狀態加上夏季長期的乾旱，使得點火成為一項往往危險、且因其易於迅速蔓延而總須謹慎的操作。
禾稼——或如經上所譯「禾捆」
（士 15:5；伯 5:26）， 僅指一捆鬆散的禾束。
Original en inglés
6. If fire break out, and catch in thorns--This refers to the common practice in the East of setting fire to the dry grass before the fall of the autumnal rains, which prevents the ravages of vermin, and is considered a good preparation of the ground for the next crop. The very parched state of the herbage and the long droughts of summer, make the kindling of a fire an operation often dangerous, and always requiring caution from its liability to spread rapidly.
stacks--or as it is rendered "shocks"
(Jud 15:5; Job 5:26),
means simply a bundle of loose sheaves.
26
Sin título
繁體中文
26, 27. 你即或拿鄰舍的衣服作當頭等語——按其情形而言，這裏所描述的是一個窮人。東方人並不更衣就寢，只摘下頭巾和幾件厚重外衣，便穿著白日所穿的衣服入睡。窮人的床通常不過是一張席子；冬天則以一件外袍為被——這一習俗正是關於取去作當頭的外衣那條仁慈律法的依據或理由。
Original en inglés
26, 27. If thou at all take thy neighbour's raiment to pledge, &c.--From the nature of the case, this is the description of a poor man. No Orientals undress, but, merely throwing off their turbans and some of their heavy outer garments, they sleep in the clothes which they wear during the day. The bed of the poor is usually nothing else than a mat; and, in winter, they cover themselves with a cloak--a practice which forms the ground or reason of the humane and merciful law respecting the pawned coat.
28
Sin título
繁體中文
28. 神——這詞在本章中數次譯作「審判官」或官長。
你百姓的官長——即行政首長，同時也是大祭司；至少在保羅時代是如此
（徒 23:1-5）。
Original en inglés
28. gods--a word which is several times in this chapter rendered "judges" or magistrates.
the ruler of thy people--and the chief magistrate who was also the high priest, at least in the time of Paul
(Ac 23:1-5).
Ex 22:1-31.
有關偷竊的律例。
1-4. 人若偷牛或羊——此律法關乎牲畜的偷竊，因為牲畜是他們財產的主要部分。偷羊若已被宰殺或變賣，要賠四倍；偷牛要賠五倍，因牛在勞作中的用途更大；但若偷來的牲畜活著被尋回，只需雙倍的賠償，因為可假定他（賊）不是慣偷。在半夜破門而入的強盜，可出於自衛無罪將其殺死；但若在日出之後將他殺死，便算為謀殺，因為那時不太可能對住戶的生命發動襲擊。在賊無力賠償的一切案件中，他都要被賣為奴僕，按通常的年限。