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Exodus Capítulo 9
2
Ex 9:1-7.
繁體中文
Original en inglés
Ex 9:1-7.
MURRAIN OF BEASTS.
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Sin título
繁體中文
3-5. 耶和華的手加在你田間的牲畜上——摩西第五次代表以色列人向法老求情，他奉命告訴法老：若他仍舊反對他們離去，必有瘟疫臨到埃及人一切的牛群羊群，而以色列人的則得幸免。法老既無意遵守其諾言，便仍然是全能者箭袋中之箭的靶子，他所受警告的災禍便執行了。但值得注意的是，這次災禍不是藉亞倫的杖為工具或揮動而降，而是直接出於耶和華的手；而定下精確的時間，更進一步確定了這災禍的真實性質
（耶 12:4）。
Original en inglés
3-5. Behold, the hand of the Lord is upon thy cattle--A fifth application was made to Pharaoh in behalf of the Israelites by Moses, who was instructed to tell him that, if he persisted in opposing their departure, a pestilence would be sent among all the flocks and herds of the Egyptians, while those of the Israelites would be spared. As he showed no intention of keeping his promise, he was still a mark for the arrows of the Almighty's quiver, and the threatened plague of which he was forewarned was executed. But it is observable that in this instance it was not inflicted through the instrumentality or waving of Aaron's rod, but directly by the hand of the Lord, and the fixing of the precise time tended still further to determine the true character of the calamity
(Jer 12:4).
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6. 埃及的牲畜幾乎都死了——並非絕對每一頭牲畜，因為我們看到
（出 9:19, 21）
仍有一些存留；而是每一群中有許多死了——死亡率高而廣泛。這次審判的針對性在於：埃及人尊崇牛、母牛、公羊等有用的牲畜；在全國各地，廟宇被建立、神聖的敬拜被獻給這些被馴養的牲畜；因此瘟疫不但造成金錢上的重大損失，也重重打擊了他們的迷信。
Original en inglés
6. all the cattle of Egypt died--not absolutely every beast, for we find
(Ex 9:19, 21)
that there were still some left; but a great many died of each herd--the mortality was frequent and widespread. The adaptation of this judgment consisted in Egyptians venerating the more useful animals such as the ox, the cow, and the ram; in all parts of the country temples were reared and divine honors paid to these domesticated beasts, and thus while the pestilence caused a great loss in money, it also struck a heavy blow at their superstition.
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7. 法老打發人去看……以色列人的牲畜連一個都沒有死——派遣親信的使者表明他不肯輕信傳聞；我們可以推斷，那奇特的免災在他心中留下了某種印象，但這印象既非良好、也非持久。他的驕傲與頑梗毫無減退。
Original en inglés
7. Pharaoh sent . . . there was not one of the cattle of the Israelites dead--The despatch of confidential messengers indicates that he would not give credit to vague reports, and we may conclude that some impression had been made on his mind by that extraordinary exemption, but it was neither a good nor a permanent impression. His pride and obstinacy were in no degree subdued.
8
Ex 9:8-17.
繁體中文
Ex 9:8-17.
瘡災。
8. 你們取幾捧爐灰等語——下一災攻擊埃及人的身體，以皮膚與肉上潰瘍性疹的形式出現
（利 13:20；王下 20:7；伯 2:7）。
這疫病並非出於自然原因，從它因摩西在法老眼前所做的特定動作而生效，便可見一斑。他所取的姿態與東方巫師相似——他們「在咒詛一個人、一個村莊或一個國家時，取牛糞的灰（即從普通火中取出）拋向空中，對其不悅的對象說：這樣的病或這樣的咒詛必臨到你們」〔ROBERTS〕。
Original en inglés
Ex 9:8-17.
PLAGUE OF BOILS.
8. Take to you handfuls of ashes, &c.--The next plague assailed the persons of the Egyptians, and it appeared in the form of ulcerous eruptions upon the skin and flesh
(Le 13:20; 2Ki 20:7; Job 2:7).
That this epidemic did not arise from natural causes was evident from its taking effect from the particular action of Moses done in the sight of Pharaoh. The attitude he assumed was similar to that of Eastern magicians, who, "when they pronounce an imprecation on an individual, a village, or a country, take the ashes of cows' dung (that is, from a common fire) and throw them in the air, saying to the objects of their displeasure, such a sickness or such a curse shall come upon you" [ROBERTS].
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10. 摩西取了窯中的灰——希伯來文「磚窯」。巫師們因自身也患病，雖被召來，卻無能為力；而磚窯原是以色列人受壓迫的主要工具之一
〔申 4:20；王上 8:51；耶 11:4〕，
如今被轉為埃及人受懲罰的工具，使他們在自己的刑罰中讀出自己的罪。
Original en inglés
10. Moses took ashes from the furnace--Hebrew, "brick-kiln." The magicians, being sufferers in their own persons, could do nothing, though they had been called; and as the brick-kiln was one of the principal instruments of oppression to the Israelites
[De 4:20; 1Ki 8:51; Jer 11:4],
it was now converted into a means of chastisement to the Egyptians, who were made to read their sin in their punishment.
18
Ex 9:18-35.
繁體中文
Ex 9:18-35.
雹災。
18. 我必降下極大的冰雹等語——法老剛硬的心所惹來的第七災是冰雹；這現象在埃及必造成了極大的驚奇與惶恐，因為雨和冰雹伴隨雷電是非常罕見的。
這樣的冰雹在埃及從來沒有——在事發地點的三角洲——即下埃及——一至三月間偶有降雨——冰雹並非不知——有時也聽到雷聲。但一場不僅展現所有這些要素、而且如此可怕的風暴——巨大的冰雹落下、雷聲以可怖的連珠般響起、閃電如火般掃過地面——卻是空前的災禍。
Original en inglés
Ex 9:18-35.
PLAGUE OF HAIL.
18. I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, &c.--The seventh plague which Pharaoh's hardened heart provoked was that of hail, a phenomenon which must have produced the greatest astonishment and consternation in Egypt as rain and hailstones, accompanied by thunder and lightning, were very rare occurrences.
such as hath not been in Egypt--In the Delta, or lower Egypt, where the scene is laid, rain occasionally falls between January and March--hail is not unknown, and thunder sometimes heard. But a storm, not only exhibiting all these elements, but so terrific that hailstones of immense size fell, thunder pealed in awful volleys, and lightning swept the ground like fire, was an unexampled calamity.
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20, 21. 耶和華的話敬畏的……不把這話放在心上的等語——看來已公開發出了對將至之風暴的適當警告——牲畜似乎已被放出吃草，這是從一月到四月——惟一可得牧草的時期——因此牲畜在田間。這場在那季節發生的風暴，不僅在百姓心中造成普遍的恐懼，更造成了一切——人與牲畜——因忽略警告而被留在田間者、以及一切植被的毀壞
〔出 9:25〕。 它之所以更加可畏，是因為埃及的冰雹小而力弱；閃電也幾乎不會造成致命的後果；而更增添驚奇的是，歌珊地連一點風暴的痕跡也沒有
〔出 9:26〕。
Original en inglés
20, 21. He that feared the word of the Lord . . . regarded not, &c.--Due premonition, it appears, had been publicly given of the impending tempest--the cattle seem to have been sent out to graze, which is from January to April, when alone pasturage can be obtained, and accordingly the cattle were in the fields. This storm occurring at that season, not only struck universal terror into the minds of the people, but occasioned the destruction of all--people and cattle--which, in neglect of the warning, had been left in the fields, as well as of all vegetation
[Ex 9:25].
It was the more appalling because hailstones in Egypt are small and of little force; lightning also is scarcely ever known to produce fatal effects; and to enhance the wonder, not a trace of any storm was found in Goshen
[Ex 9:26].
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27-35. 法老打發人召摩西亞倫來，對他們說：我這一次犯罪了——這可怕的上帝震怒之彰顯，確實在法老心中留下深刻印象；他在自責的重壓之下，自卑承認自己違抗神旨乃為不義。同時他召摩西來，求他為停止這場災殃代求。摩西答允其迫切的請求，這極可怕的刑罰便告結束。然而他的悔改只不過是一時的感覺，他的頑硬很快又回復如前。
Original en inglés
27-35. Pharaoh sent, and called for Moses and Aaron, and said unto them, I have sinned--This awful display of divine displeasure did seriously impress the mind of Pharaoh, and, under the weight of his convictions, he humbles himself to confess he has done wrong in opposing the divine will. At the same time he calls for Moses to intercede for cessation of the calamity. Moses accedes to his earnest wishes, and this most awful visitation ended. But his repentance proved a transient feeling, and his obduracy soon became as great as before.
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31, 32. 麻和大麥被擊打等語——這些穀類作物所提及的特性，源於埃及的氣候與自然地理。在埃及，麻與大麥幾近成熟之時，小麥與黑麥（實為斯佩爾特小麥）仍青嫩未熟。因此，麻必然已經「結苞」——即在二月間長出莖稈或結莢——這便確定了事件發生的月份。大麥比小麥早約一個月成熟。麻與大麥通常於三月成熟，小麥與黑麥（確切地說，斯佩爾特小麥）則在四月。
Original en inglés
31, 32. the flax and the barley was smitten, &c.--The peculiarities that are mentioned in these cereal products arise from the climate and physical constitution of Egypt. In that country flax and barley are almost ripe when wheat and rye (spelt) are green. And hence the flax must have been "bolled"--that is, risen in stalk or podded in February, thus fixing the particular month when the event took place. Barley ripens about a month earlier than wheat. Flax and barley are generally ripe in March, wheat and rye (properly, spelt) in April.
Ex 9:1-7.
畜疫之災。