Comentario del capítulo
Isaiah Capítulo 3
1
Isa 3:1-26.
繁體中文
Original en inglés
Isa 3:1-26.
1. For--continuation of
Isa 2:22.
Lord of hosts--therefore able to do as He says.
doth--present for future, so certain is the accomplishment.
stay . . . staff--the same Hebrew word, the one masculine, the other feminine, an Arabic idiom for all kinds of support. What a change from the previous luxuries
(Isa 2:7)!
Fulfilled in the siege by Nebuchadnezzar and afterwards by Titus
(Jer 37:21; 38:9).
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繁體中文
2. 應驗於
(2Ki 24:14).
prudent——希伯來文常指「占卜者」
(De 18:10-14);
因此意為：他們所仰賴的占卜者，在那日必歸失效。此詞也有好的含義
(Pr 16:10),
猶太人據此解為君王；而以色列「沒有」君王已經很久了
(Ho 3:4).
ancient——年長而有經驗者
(1Ki 12:6-8).
Original en inglés
2. Fulfilled
(2Ki 24:14).
prudent--the Hebrew often means a "soothsayer"
(De 18:10-14);
thus it will mean, the diviners, on whom they rely, shall in that day fail. It is found in a good sense
(Pr 16:10),
from which passage the Jews interpret it a king; "without" whom Israel long has been
(Ho 3:4).
ancient--old and experienced
(1Ki 12:6-8).
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繁體中文
3. captain of fifty——不僅千夫長、百夫長要缺乏，連五十夫長也必缺乏。
honourable——字面作「儀表尊貴的」。
cunning——巧匠。在圍城及隨後的荒涼中，工匠的行業必將停滯；匠人不是國家防務中無關輕重的「支柱」。
eloquent orator——不如如武加大譯本作「精通耳語的」，即行法術的
(Ps 58:5).
見下文
Isa 8:19;
至於「prudent」，見
Isa 3:2.
Original en inglés
3. captain of fifty--not only captains of thousands, and centurions of a hundred, but even semi-centurions of fifty, shall fail.
honourable--literally, "of dignified aspect."
cunning--skilful. The mechanic's business will come to a standstill in the siege and subsequent desolation of the state; artisans are no mean "stay" among a nation's safeguards.
eloquent orator--rather, as Vulgate, "skilled in whispering," that is, incantation
(Ps 58:5).
See
Isa 8:19,
below; and on "prudent," see on
Isa 3:2.
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繁體中文
4. children——指治理的能力而言；與「老年人」相對（見
Isa 3:12;
Ec 10:16).
babes——指武力而言；與「勇士」和「戰士」相對。
Original en inglés
4. children--in ability for governing; antithesis to the "ancient" (see
Isa 3:12; Ec 10:16).
babes--in warlike might; antithesis to "the mighty" and "man of war."
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繁體中文
5. 在如此無能的統治者
(Isa 3:4)
之下所產生的混亂；彼此不義的勒索；禮貌的形式被破壞
(Le 19:32).
base——出身卑微的。比較「末世」的記號
(2Ti 3:2).
Original en inglés
5. The anarchy resulting under such imbecile rulers
(Isa 3:4);
unjust exactions mutually; the forms of respect violated
(Le 19:32).
base--low-born. Compare the marks of "the last days"
(2Ti 3:2).
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繁體中文
6. 財富與才能之士將如此缺乏，以致他們要「拉住」
(Isa 4:1)
所遇見的第一個有任何產業的人，立他為「君」。
brother——與懇求他的「人」一樣，沒有更好的世襲統治權利。
Thou hast clothing——是我們中間沒有人有的。在東方，更換的衣裳就是財富
(2Ki 5:5).
ruin——讓我們敗壞的事業交給你去收拾。
Original en inglés
6. Such will be the want of men of wealth and ability, that they will "take hold of"
(Isa 4:1)
the first man whom they meet, having any property, to make him "ruler."
brother--one having no better hereditary claim to be ruler than the "man" supplicating him.
Thou hast clothing--which none of us has. Changes of raiment are wealth in the East
(2Ki 5:5).
ruin--Let our ruined affairs be committed to thee to retrieve.
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繁體中文
7. swear——字面作「舉起」，即他的手；這是用於莊嚴作證的手勢。或作他的聲音，即回答；武加大譯本如此。
healer——醫治那病入膏肓的國家身體
(Isa 1:6).
neither . . . clothing——不足以救濟百姓並維持統治者的尊嚴。一個國家的狀況必定極為糟糕，以至於天性野心勃勃的人中，竟無人願意擔任官職。
Original en inglés
7. swear--literally, "lift up," namely, his hand; the gesture used in solemn attestation. Or, his voice, that is, answer; so Vulgate.
healer--of the body politic, incurably diseased
(Isa 1:6).
neither . . . clothing--so as to relieve the people and maintain a ruler's dignity. A nation's state must be bad indeed, when none among men, naturally ambitious, is willing to accept office.
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繁體中文
8. 先知說明眾人為何皆遠離執政之位的理由。
eyes of his glory——即在其「眼」前激霒祂「榮耀」的威嚴（參
Isa 49:5; Hab 1:13）。
敘利亞譯本與 LOWTH 藉希伯來文的一點改動，譯作「祂榮耀的雲」，即舍金那（Shekinah）。
Original en inglés
8. Reason given by the prophet, why all shrink from the government.
eyes of his glory--to provoke His "glorious" Majesty before His "eyes" (compare
Isa 49:5; Hab 1:13).
The Syriac and LOWTH, by a slight change of the Hebrew, translate, "the cloud of His glory," the Shekinah.
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繁體中文
9. show——希伯來文意為「可從其面貌認出的」〔GESENIUS 與 WEISS〕。 但 MAURER 譯作「他們偏袒人的面貌」；敘利亞譯本與迦勒底譯本亦然。但平行的詞「述說」支持另一看法。KIMCHI 根據阿拉伯文譯作「他們的硬頸」
(Job 19:3，
旁註），或面貌上的厚顏
(Jer 3:3)。
他們不僅失去了德行的實質，也失去了它的氣色。
witness——字面意思是「與他們相稱」；他們的面貌與其內在的品格相符
(Ho 5:5)。
declare——
(Jude 13)。
「吐出自己的羞恥」；不僅不加隱藏，反而在其中「誇耀」
(Php 3:19)。
unto themselves——試比較「在他們自己身上」
(Pr 1:31; 8:36; Jer 2:19; Ro 1:27)。
Original en inglés
9. show--The Hebrew means, "that which may be known by their countenances" [GESENIUS and WEISS]. But MAURER translates, "Their respect for person"; so Syriac and Chaldee. But the parallel word "declare" favors the other view. KIMCHI, from the Arabic, translates "their hardness"
(Job 19:3,
Margin), or impudence of countenance
(Jer 3:3).
They have lost not only the substance of virtue, but its color.
witness--literally, "corresponds" to them; their look answers to their inner character
(Ho 5:5).
declare--
(Jude 13).
"Foaming out their own shame"; so far from making it a secret, "glorying" in it
(Php 3:19).
unto themselves--Compare "in themselves"
(Pr 1:31; 8:36; Jer 2:19; Ro 1:27).
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繁體中文
10. 許多人的不忠，並不能證明所有人都不忠。雖然池塘表面只聽見蛙鳴，我們不能推論水下沒有魚〔BENGEL〕。 （見
Isa 1:19, 20。）
fruit of doings——
(Pr 1:31)
在好的意義上
(Ga 6:8; Re 22:14)。
這不是因行為稱義，而是因結出果子的信心
(Isa 45:24; Jer 23:6)。
GESENIUS 與 WEISS 譯作：論到義人宣告，等等。MAURER 作「說義人有福了」。
Original en inglés
10. The faithlessness of many is no proof that all are faithless. Though nothing but croaking of frogs is heard on the surface of the pool, we are not to infer there are no fish beneath [BENGEL]. (See
Isa 1:19, 20).
fruit of doings--
(Pr 1:31)
in a good sense
(Ga 6:8; Re 22:14).
Not salvation by works, but by fruit-bearing faith
(Isa 45:24; Jer 23:6).
GESENIUS and WEISS translate, Declare as to the righteous that, &c. MAURER, "Say that the righteous is blessed."
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繁體中文
11. ill——與「好」相對
(Isa 3:10)；
斜體字的字為強調性的省略。「有禍了！」
hands——他的行為；「手」是行動的工具
(Ec 8:12, 13)。
Original en inglés
11. ill--antithesis to "well"
(Isa 3:10);
emphatic ellipsis of the words italicized. "Ill!"
hands--his conduct; "hands" being the instrument of acts
(Ec 8:12, 13).
12
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繁體中文
12.（見
Isa 3:4。）
oppressors——字面意思是「勒索者」，即勒索的君王
(Isa 60:17)。
那些本應作保護者的竟是勒索者；作統治者不合格如「孩童」，軟弱如「婦女」。或許也暗示他們受後宮婦女的影響。
lead——希伯來文作「稱你有福」；即假先知，他們以犯罪中安全的應許諂媚百姓；如第一子句中所指的是政治上的「首領」。
way of thy paths——
(Jer 6:16)。
律法中所設立的正路。「毁滅」——希伯來文作「吞滅」，即使之完全消失，不留一點痕跡。
Original en inglés
12. (See
Isa 3:4).
oppressors--literally, "exactors," that is, exacting princes
(Isa 60:17).
They who ought to be protectors are exactors; as unqualified for rule as "children," as effeminate as "women." Perhaps it is also implied that they were under the influence of their harem, the women of their court.
lead--Hebrew, "call thee blessed"; namely, the false prophets, who flatter the people with promises of safety in sin; as the political "rulers" are meant in the first clause.
way of thy paths--
(Jer 6:16).
The right way set forth in the law. "Destroy"--Hebrew, "Swallow up," that is, cause so utterly to disappear that not a vestige of it is left.
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繁體中文
13. 站起來——不再靜坐無聲。
要審問——向惡人發怒
（賽 66:16； 結 20:35）。
Original en inglés
13. standeth up--no longer sitting in silence.
plead--indignant against a wicked people
(Isa 66:16; Eze 20:35).
14
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繁體中文
14. 長老——因此他們被說成「被除去」
（賽 3:1、2）。
葡萄園——猶太神權政體
（賽 5:1-7； 詩 80:9-13）。
吞滅——「燒毀」；即被「暴虐的勒索」
（賽 3:12）。
這是耶穌基督時代園戶之最大罪惡的預表
（太 21:34-41）。
搶奪……房屋——
（太 23:14）。
Original en inglés
14. ancients--Hence they are spoken of as "taken away"
(Isa 3:1, 2).
vineyard--the Jewish theocracy
(Isa 5:1-7; Ps 80:9-13).
eaten up--"burnt"; namely, by "oppressive exactions"
(Isa 3:12).
Type of the crowning guilt of the husbandmen in the days of Jesus Christ
(Mt 21:34-41).
spoil . . . houses--
(Mt 23:14).
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繁體中文
15. 你們有甚麼權利去打等
（詩 94:5； 彌 3:2、3）。
磨——藉勒索，使之一無所有。
臉——人；並附帶公然、明目張膽地行的含義。「面前」，等同於「臉」（希伯來文）。
Original en inglés
15. What right have ye to beat, &c.
(Ps 94:5; Mic 3:2, 3).
grind--by exactions, so as to leave them nothing.
faces--persons; with the additional idea of it being openly and palpably done. "Presence," equivalent to "face" (Hebrew).
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繁體中文
16. 因為錫安的女子狂傲等——烏西雅興盛的治世中，奢華之風已十分嚴重
（代下 26:5）。
直立挺項——驕傲地昂首
（詩 75:5）。
賣弄——宜作「使眼睛四處張望」，即輕浮地〔MAURER〕。但 LOWTH 作「用化妝品虛假地裝飾眼睛」。東方婦女的眼瞼常用銻或鉛粉著色（參
伯 42:14；
耶 4:30，
旁註）。
短步——以小步行走。
叮噹——兩腳的腳環以小鏈相連，行走時發聲，並迫使她們邁小步；有時還附有小鈴
（賽 3:18、20）。
Original en inglés
16. Because the daughters of Zion are haughty, &c.--Luxury had become great in Uzziah's prosperous reign
(2Ch 26:5).
stretched forth--proudly elevated
(Ps 75:5).
wanton--rather, "making the eyes to glance about," namely, wantonly
(Pr 6:13)
[MAURER]. But LOWTH, "falsely setting off the eyes with paint." Women's eyelids in the East are often colored with stibium, or powder of lead (see on
Job 42:14;
Jer 4:30,
Margin).
mincing--tripping with short steps.
tinkling--with their ankle-rings on both feet, joined by small chains, which sound as they walk, and compel them to take short steps; sometimes little bells were attached
(Isa 3:18, 20).
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繁體中文
17. 使……長疥癬——希伯來文作「使之光禿」，即因病。
露出——使她們遭受女俘所能遭受的最大屈辱，即被剝光衣服，身體暴露
（賽 47:3；
參
賽 20:4）。
Original en inglés
17. smite with a scab--literally, "make bald," namely, by disease.
discover--cause them to suffer the greatest indignity that can befall female captives, namely to be stripped naked, and have their persons exposed
(Isa 47:3;
compare with
Isa 20:4).
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繁體中文
18. 華美——華麗的裝飾。
叮噹——（參
賽 3:16）。
髮網——頭部的網飾。或作，源自阿拉伯文字根，「小太陽」，對應「裝飾」或頸飾，「如月亮」
（士 8:21）。
chumarah即月牙也戴在頭飾的前方，在西亞一帶。
Original en inglés
18. bravery--the finery.
tinkling--(See
Isa 3:16).
cauls--network for the head. Or else, from an Arabic root, "little suns," answering to the "tires" or neck-ornaments, "like the moon"
(Jud 8:21).
The chumarah or crescent is also worn in front of the headdress in West Asia.
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繁體中文
19. 項鍊——宜作墜飾，掛於頸上，垂在胸前。
面紗——遮面的面紗，有眼孔，上方貼緊、下方鬆垂。此字字根意為「顫動的」，指面紗上亮片的變幻效果。
Original en inglés
19. chains--rather, pendants, hanging about the neck, and dropping on the breast.
mufflers--veils covering the face, with apertures for the eyes, close above and loosely flowing below. The word radically means "tremulous," referring to the changing effect of the spangles on the veil.
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繁體中文
20. 冠冕——指頭巾。
腿上的裝飾——兩腳之間的短步鏈，用以約束步履成規律之態；繫於「叮噹的裝飾」
(賽 3:16)。
頭帶——字面意思是「帶子」。
符囊——宜作「氣息之屋」，即香盒〔武加大譯本〕。
耳環——宜作懸於頸上或耳上的護符，其上刻有咒語；其字根意為「低語」或「念咒」。
Original en inglés
20. bonnets--turbans.
ornaments of the legs--the short stepping-chains from one foot to another, to give a measured gait; attached to the "tinkling ornaments"
(Isa 3:16).
headbands--literally, "girdles."
tablets--rather, "houses of the breath," that is, smelling boxes [Vulgate].
earrings--rather, amulets suspended from the neck or ears, with magic formulæ inscribed; the root means to "whisper" or "conjure."
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繁體中文
21. 鼻環——兩鼻孔之間的軟骨被穿孔以佩戴之；通常懸於左鼻孔。
Original en inglés
21. nose jewels--The cartilage between the nostrils was bored to receive them; they usually hung from the left nostril.
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繁體中文
22. 此處開始是整套的服飾。前文所列為單件飾物。
華美的——源於字根「脫下」；不是日常穿戴的；只在特殊場合穿脫。即禮服
(亞 3:4)。
外衣——有袖的寬大長袍，穿在常服之上，下垂及足。
頭巾——即面紗，或兜帽。在
得 3:15
中作「披風」；此處或許指披在頭上與身上的寬大斗篷或披肩。
荷包——宜作錢袋
(王下 5:23)。
Original en inglés
22. Here begin entire articles of apparel. Those before were single ornaments.
changeable--from a root, "to put off"; not worn commonly; put on and off on special occasions. So, dress-clothes
(Zec 3:4).
mantles--fuller tunics with sleeves, worn over the common one, reaching down to the feet.
wimples--that is, mufflers, or hoods. In
Ru 3:15,
"veils"; perhaps here, a broad cloak, or shawl, thrown over the head and body.
crisping pins--rather, money bags
(2Ki 5:23).
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繁體中文
23. 鏡子——磨亮金屬製成的鏡子
(出 38:8)。
但七十士譯本作透明薄紗般的衣裳。
冠冕——即裹頭巾，或王冠
(賽 62:3； 亞 3:5)。
面紗——大得足以遮蓋頭部與全身。有別於上文較小的面紗（「帕子」）
(創 24:65)。
為婦女順服的記號
(林前 11:10)。
Original en inglés
23. glasses--mirrors of polished metal
(Ex 38:8).
But the Septuagint, a transparent, gauze-like, garment.
hoods--miters, or diadems
(Isa 62:3; Zec 3:5).
veils--large enough to cover the head and person. Distinct from the smaller veils ("mufflers") above
(Ge 24:65).
Token of woman's subjection
(1Co 11:10).
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繁體中文
24. 臭味——因潰瘍而起
(亞 14:12)。
腰帶——用以束緊寬鬆的東方衣袍，便於行走。
破裂——七十士譯本更佳，作「繩子」，為貧窮的象徵；窮人別無他物可用以束腰。
美髮——
(彼前 3:3, 4)。
光禿——
(賽 3:17)。
華帶——寬闊的褶帶。
麻布——
(撒下 3:31)。
焦黑——因被剝去頭巾與面紗，又要在烈日下作俘虜勞役，臉面被烤焦
(歌 1:6)。
Original en inglés
24. stink--arising from ulcers
(Zec 14:12).
girdle--to gird up the loose Eastern garments, when the person walked.
rent--the Septuagint, better, a "rope," an emblem of poverty; the poor have nothing else to gird up their clothes with.
well-set hair--
(1Pe 3:3, 4).
baldness--
(Isa 3:17).
stomacher--a broad plaited girdle.
sackcloth--
(2Sa 3:31).
burning--a sunburnt countenance, owing to their hoods and veils being stripped off, while they had to work as captives under a scorching sun
(So 1:6).
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繁體中文
25. 你的男丁——指耶路撒冷的男丁。
Original en inglés
25. Thy men--of Jerusalem.
26
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繁體中文
26. 城門——人聚集之處被擬人化，為失去曾經熙來攘往的人群而哀悼。
荒涼……坐在……地上——正是提多毀城後錢幣上猶大的形象：一個婦人坐在棕櫚樹下，姿態悲傷；銘文為Judæa capta（猶大被擄）
(伯 2:13； 哀 2:10，
那裏如這裏一樣，首先暗指尼布甲尼撒的毀滅)。
Original en inglés
26. gates--The place of concourse personified is represented mourning for the loss of those multitudes which once frequented it.
desolate . . . sit upon . . . ground--the very figure under which Judea was represented on medals after the destruction by Titus: a female sitting under a palm tree in a posture of grief; the motto, Judæa capta
(Job 2:13; La 2:10,
where, as here primarily, the destruction by Nebuchadnezzar is alluded to).
Isa 3:1-26.
1. For——承接
Isa 2:22.
Lord of hosts——萬軍之主，因此有能力成就祂所說的。
doth——用現在式表達將來的事，因為其成就確鑿無疑。
stay . . . staff——同一個希伯來文詞，一為陽性形式、一為陰性形式，這是阿拉伯文式的慣用語，意指各種支持與倚靠。與先前的奢華
(Isa 2:7)
相比，變化何等之大！
此事應驗於尼布甲尼撒的圍攻，其後又應驗於提多的圍攻
(Jer 37:21; 38:9).