Comentario del capítulo
Job Capítulo 29
1
Job 29:1-25.
简体中文
Original en inglés
Job 29:1-25.
1. Job pauses for a reply. None being made, he proceeds to illustrate the mysteriousness of God's dealings, as set forth
(Job 28:1-28)
by his own case.
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简体中文
2. 保守我（preserved me）——免受灾祸。
Original en inglés
2. preserved me--from calamity.
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Sin título
简体中文
3. 灯（candle）——当祂的恩宠照耀我之时（参伯18:6注释及诗18:28）。
黑暗（darkness）——因祂的护佑，我安然经过险境。也许暗指商队夜间穿越沙漠时行在前头的灯火[诺伊斯（NOYES）]。
Original en inglés
3. candle--when His favor shone on me (see on
Job 18:6
and
Ps 18:28).
darkness--By His safeguard I passed secure through dangers. Perhaps alluding to the lights carried before caravans in nightly travels through deserts [NOYES].
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简体中文
4. 幼年（youth）——原文作“秋天”；即我兴旺成熟果实之时。用于指幼年，因东方人以秋天为一年之始，秋季也是东方最温和的季节。
奥秘（secret）——当神亲密的友谊临到我帐棚之时（箴3:32；诗31:20；创18:17；约15:15）。希伯来文常指商议的密室。
Original en inglés
4. youth--literally, "autumn"; the time of the ripe fruits of my prosperity. Applied to youth, as the Orientalists began their year with autumn, the most temperate season in the East.
secret--when the intimate friendship of God rested on my tent
(Pr 3:32; Ps 31:20; Ge 18:17; Joh 15:15).
The Hebrew often means a divan for deliberation.
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简体中文
6. 奶油（butter）——更当译作“奶油”，原文作“浓奶”。我无论往何处去，最丰富的奶与油都源源不绝地流到我这里。取自牧放生活的意象。
当我洗我的脚步（When I washed my steps）——并非指字面上在奶中洗脚，正如第二句所示；边注作“在我旁边”，即“靠近”我所行的路（申32:13）。橄榄在磐石中所产的油最好。在东方，油用于食物、点灯、抹身和医药。
Original en inglés
6. butter--rather, "cream," literally, "thick milk." Wherever I turned my steps, the richest milk and oil flowed in to me abundantly. Image from pastoral life.
When I washed my steps--Literal washing of the feet in milk is not meant, as the second clause shows; Margin, "with me," that is, "near" my path, wherever I walked
(De 32:13).
Olives amidst rocks yield the best oil. Oil in the East is used for food, light, anointing, and medicine.
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简体中文
7-10. 约伯对少与老、对贵胄的巨大影响力。
经过……街！（through . . . street!）——更当译作：当我从我在乡间的家中出来（参伯1:1序言），到城门（上坡）上城去（城在高处），并在市集广场预备我（审判的）座位之时。市集广场是审判之地，在城门或城的入口（propylaea）处，尼尼微与波斯波利斯（Persepolis）的遗迹中即有此种建筑（赛59:14；诗55:11；127:5）。
Original en inglés
7-10. The great influence Job had over young and old, and noblemen.
through . . . street!--rather, When I went out of my house, in the country (see
Job 1:1,
prologue) to the gate (ascending), up to the city (which was on elevated ground), and when I prepared my (judicial) seat in the market place. The market place was the place of judgment, at the gate or propylæa of the city, such as is found in the remains of Nineveh and Persepolis
(Isa 59:14; Ps 55:11; 127:5).
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简体中文
8. 避让（hid）——不是字面上的躲藏；更当译作“向后退步”，恭敬地。老年人既已坐下，便起身站着（希伯来文），直等约伯坐下。这是东方的礼节。
Original en inglés
8. hid--not literally; rather, "stepped backwards," reverentially. The aged, who were already seated, arose and remained standing (Hebrew) until Job seated himself. Oriental manners.
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简体中文
9. （伯4:2；参伯21:5注释）。
闭口说话（Refrained talking）——说到一半便止住。
Original en inglés
9.
(Job 4:2;
see on
Job 21:5).
Refrained talking--stopped in the middle of their speech.
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简体中文
10. 边注作“声音——隐藏”，即“静默”（结3:26）。
舌头贴住……云云（Tongue cleaved, &c.）——即因我的临在而敬畏，族长（emir）或酋长们都不敢作声。
Original en inglés
10. Margin, "voice--hid," that is, "hushed"
(Eze 3:26).
Tongue cleaved, &c.--that is, awed by my presence, the emirs or sheiks were silent.
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简体中文
11. 称颂（blessed）——即称赞我的美德（箴31:28）。“听见”之后当略去“我”；凡听见过我的（笼统而言，非在市集广场，伯29:7-10），都称赞我。
作见证（gave witness）——为我高尚的品格作证。取自法庭的意象（路4:22）。
眼（the eye）——即“面对面”；与耳——即我的传闻——相对。
Original en inglés
11. blessed--extolled my virtues
(Pr 31:28).
Omit "me" after "heard"; whoever heard of me (in general, not in the market place,
Job 29:7-10)
praised me.
gave witness--to my honorable character. Image from a court of justice
(Lu 4:22).
the eye--that is, "face to face"; antithesis to
ear--that is, report of me.
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简体中文
12-17. 约伯受赞
(Job 29:11)
之根据:他扶助困苦人
(Ps 72:12),
即那些向他——无论是作为审判官,还是作为拥有施济之资者——呼求帮助的人。译作:“那无人帮助的孤儿。”
Original en inglés
12-17. The grounds on which Job was praised
(Job 29:11),
his helping the afflicted
(Ps 72:12)
who cried to him for help, as a judge, or as one possessed of means of charity. Translate: "The fatherless who had none to help him."
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简体中文
13. 我决不让“寡妇”空手而去
(Job 22:9)。
ready to perish——见
(Pr 31:6)。
Original en inglés
13. So far was I from sending "widows" away empty
(Job 22:9).
ready to perish--
(Pr 31:6).
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简体中文
14.
(Isa 61:10; 1Ch 12:18)。
judgment——公义。
diadem——包头巾。更宜作“裹头巾”、“头饰”。它与外长袍或“外袍”,同为东方达官显贵或大祭司服饰的显著特征
(Zec 3:5)。
照样,公义也是约伯的特别特征。
Original en inglés
14.
(Isa 61:10; 1Ch 12:18).
judgment--justice.
diadem--tiara. Rather, "turban," "head-dress." It and the full flowing outer mantle or "robe," are the prominent characteristics of an Oriental grandee's or high priest's dress
(Zec 3:5).
So Job's righteousness especially characterized him.
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简体中文
15. 字面作“瞎子”\n (De 27:18);
“瘸子”\n (2Sa 9:13);
隐喻上,也指蒙光照较多者对较少者所提供的属灵扶持\n (Job 4:3; Heb 12:13; Nu 10:31)。
Original en inglés
15. Literally, "the blind"
(De 27:18);
"lame"
(2Sa 9:13);
figuratively, also the spiritual support which the more enlightened gives to those less so
(Job 4:3; Heb 12:13; Nu 10:31).
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简体中文
16. 我绝不是如以利法所说的“折断孤儿的膀臂”\n (Job 22:9),
我反而是他们的“父亲”。
the cause which I knew not——更宜作:“我不认识的人”,即外人\n (Pr 29:7
[UMBREIT];与
Lu 18:1
等相对)。可应用于赒济\n (Ps 41:1);
但此处首指审判上的良心\n (Job 31:13)。
Original en inglés
16. So far was I from "breaking the arms of the fatherless," as Eliphaz asserts
(Job 22:9),
I was a "father" to such.
the cause which I knew not--rather, "of him whom I knew not," the stranger
(Pr 29:7
[UMBREIT]; contrast
Lu 18:1,
&c.). Applicable to almsgiving
(Ps 41:1);
but here primarily, judicial conscientiousness
(Job 31:13).
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简体中文
17. 喻象取自与野兽搏斗\n (Job 4:11; Ps 3:7)。
约伯对受欺压者何其慈悲,对欺压者何其可畏!
jaws——约伯折断了他的势力,使他不能再加害,并从他手中夺回他从别人所撕夺的猎物。
Original en inglés
17. Image from combating with wild beasts
(Job 4:11; Ps 3:7).
So compassionate was Job to the oppressed, so terrible to the oppressor!
jaws--Job broke his power, so that he could do no more hurt, and tore from him the spoil, which he had torn from others.
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简体中文
18. I said——在心里说\n (Ps 30:6)。
in——更宜作:“与我的巢同”;因第二句论长寿。不像如今我家人先我而死,我必活得如此长久,以致与他们同死:此乃长寿之谚。约伯后来果真实现其盼望\n (Job 42:16)。
然而,在我家中之怀,亦为佳义\n (Nu 24:21; Ob 4)。
以“巢”喻安稳的居所。
sand——见\n (Ge 22:17; Hab 1:9)。
但七十士译本与武加大译本,以及犹太解经家,都支持译作“凤凰”。“巢”在平行句中支持对鸟的暗指。“沙”喻众多,适用于人,而非年岁。神话为:凤凰由其父亲死前所造的没药巢中生出,然后每五百年一次从阿拉伯(约伯的故乡)飞到埃及的赫利奥波利斯(太阳之城),在那里焚烧其父[HERODOTUS, 2:73]。现代研究已表明,这是埃及人用象形文字表示某个特定纪年或周期的方式。每五百年一次的死亡与复活,以及对太阳的暗指,意味着这样一个宏大的周期——从与太阳相同的关系位置重新开始。约伯大概指的是此。
Original en inglés
18. I said--in my heart
(Ps 30:6).
in--rather, "with my nest"; as the second clause refers to long life. Instead of my family dying before me, as now, I shall live so long as to die with them: proverbial for long life. Job did realize his hope
(Job 42:16).
However, in the bosom of my family, gives a good sense
(Nu 24:21; Ob 4).
Use "nest" for a secure dwelling.
sand--
(Ge 22:17; Hab 1:9).
But the Septuagint and Vulgate, and Jewish interpreters, favor the translation, "the phœnix bird." "Nest" in the parallel clause supports the reference to a bird. "Sand" for multitude, applies to men, rather than to years. The myth was, that the phœnix sprang from a nest of myrrh, made by his father before death, and that he then came from Arabia (Job's country) to Heliopolis (the city of the Sun) in Egypt, once in every five hundred years, and there burnt his father [HERODOTUS, 2:73]. Modern research has shown that this was the Egyptian mode of representing hieroglyphically a particular chronological era or cycle. The death and revival every five hundred years, and the reference to the sun, implies such a grand cycle commencing afresh from the same point in relation to the sun from which the previous one started. Job probably refers to this.
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简体中文
19. 字面作:“向水敞开”。与\n Job 18:16
相反。旺盛的健康。
Original en inglés
19. Literally, "opened to the waters." Opposed to
Job 18:16.
Vigorous health.
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简体中文
20. 我的声望,如我身体的健康一样,常保清新。
bow——战争之喻,指我的力量,为我赢得“声望”的,常常更新\n (Jer 49:35)。
Original en inglés
20. My renown, like my bodily health, was continually fresh.
bow--Metaphor from war, for, my strength, which gains me "renown," was ever renewed
(Jer 49:35).
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简体中文
21. 约伯特别愉快地回想他在公众集会中的昔日尊荣\n (Job 29:7-10)。
Original en inglés
21. Job reverts with peculiar pleasure to his former dignity in assemblies
(Job 29:7-10).
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简体中文
22. not again——不反驳我。
dropped——影响他们的心思,如甘雨轻滴于其上之土壤\n (Am 7:16; De 32:2; So 4:11)。
Original en inglés
22. not again--did not contradict me.
dropped--affected their minds, as the genial rain does the soil on which it gently drops
(Am 7:16; De 32:2; So 4:11).
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简体中文
23. 延续\n Job 29:22
的喻象。他们等候我有益的劝言,如干土之等候甘雨。
opened . . . mouth——喘息渴慕;东方喻象\n (Ps 119:131)。
“秋雨”在秋季及以后,正值撒种之时。“春雨”在三月,催熟庄稼,五月或六月成熟。秋雨与春雨之间有一些雨,但不及那两季之雨。三月至十月之间无雨\n (De 11:14; Jas 5:7)。
Original en inglés
23. Image of
Job 29:22
continued. They waited for my salutary counsel, as the dry soil does for the refreshing rain.
opened . . . mouth--panted for; Oriental image
(Ps 119:131).
The "early rain" is in autumn and onwards, while the seed is being sown. The "latter rain" is in March, and brings forward the harvest, which ripens in May or June. Between the early and latter rains, some rain falls, but not in such quantities as those rains. Between March and October no rain falls
(De 11:14; Jas 5:7).
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简体中文
24. 当我从素常的庄重(东方极看重的美德)中放松而微笑时,他们几乎不敢相信;然而,尽管我如此俯就,他们并没有丢弃对我的庄重的尊敬。但平行结构以 UMBREIT 的译法更佳:“我以微笑对待那不信靠的人”,即在危险之时我鼓舞那沮丧的人。而他们不能(借他们的沮丧)打落我脸上的宁静(源于对神的信靠)\n (Pr 16:15; Ps 104:15)。
相反的短语见\n (Ge 4:5, 6)。
“脸色光采”不大可能指“庄重”。
Original en inglés
24. When I relaxed from my wonted gravity (a virtue much esteemed in the East) and smiled, they could hardly credit it; and yet, notwithstanding my condescension, they did not cast aside reverence for my gravity. But the parallelism is better in UMBREIT'S translation, "I smiled kindly on those who trusted not," that is, in times of danger I cheered those in despondency. And they could not cast down (by their despondency) my serenity of countenance (flowing from trust in God)
(Pr 16:15; Ps 104:15).
The opposite phrase
(Ge 4:5, 6).
"Gravity" cannot well be meant by "light of countenance."
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简体中文
25. I chose out their way——即我情愿上他们的集会(从我在乡间的居所,\n Job 29:7)。
in the army——如王在军中至上无伦。
comforteth the mourners——此处约伯又无意间预表耶稣基督\n (Isa 61:2, 3)。
约伯的苦难,如耶稣基督的苦难,正为他日后尽此职任而预备他\n (Isa 50:4; Heb 2:18)。
Original en inglés
25. I chose out their way--that is, I willingly went up to their assembly (from my country residence,
Job 29:7).
in the army--as a king supreme in the midst of his army.
comforteth the mourners--Here again Job unconsciously foreshadows Jesus Christ
(Isa 61:2, 3).
Job's afflictions, as those of Jesus Christ, were fitting him for the office hereafter
(Isa 50:4; Heb 2:18).
伯29:1-25。
1. 约伯停顿等候答复。既无人回答，他便以自己的事例阐明神作为的奥秘，正如他在伯28:1-28中所陈述的那样。