Comentario del capítulo
Job Capítulo 34
1
Job 34:1-37.
简体中文
Original en inglés
Job 34:1-37.
1. answered--proceeded.
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Sin título
简体中文
2. 本章也是对“朋友们”说的，正如第三十三章是对约伯一人说的。
Original en inglés
2. This chapter is addressed also to the "friends" as the thirty-third chapter to Job alone.
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Sin título
简体中文
3. 上颚（palate）——（参伯12:11注释；伯33:2）。
Original en inglés
3. palate--(See on
Job 12:11;
Job 33:2).
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简体中文
4. 公理（judgment）——让我们在所提出的种种相冲突的见解中，挑选出经得起考验的。
Original en inglés
4. judgment--Let us select among the conflicting sentiments advanced, what will stand the test of examination.
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Sin título
简体中文
5. 公理（judgment）——即我的权利。这是约伯自己的话（伯13:18；27:2）。
Original en inglés
5. judgment--my right. Job's own words
(Job 13:18; 27:2).
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Sin título
简体中文
6. 我若放弃我的权利（即承认自己有罪），我就必死。约伯实际上已如此说过（伯27:4、5；6:28）。毛雷尔（MAURER）译得较逊：“虽我有理（无辜），神却以灾祸待我，把我当作说谎的。”
我的箭伤（my wound）——原文作“我的箭”，即刺透我的箭。如“我的刑罚”（“手”，伯23:2，边注）。即我的病（伯6:4；16:13）。
没有过犯（without transgression）——并非我有什么过错该受此事（伯16:17）。
Original en inglés
6. Were I to renounce my right (that is, confess myself guilty), I should die. Job virtually had said so
(Job 27:4, 5; 6:28).
MAURER, not so well, "Notwithstanding my right (innocence) I am treated as a liar," by God, by His afflicting me.
my wound--literally, "mine arrow," namely, by which I am pierced. So "my stroke" ("hand,"
Job 23:2,
Margin). My sickness
(Job 6:4; 16:13).
without transgression--without fault of mine to deserve it
(Job 16:17).
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简体中文
7. （伯15:16）。取自骆驼的意象。
讥诮（scorning）——指向神的讥诮（伯15:4）。
Original en inglés
7.
(Job 15:16).
Image from the camel.
scorning--against God
(Job 15:4).
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Sin título
简体中文
8. 约伯实际上是（与恶人结伙）同行，采取了他们的见解（伯9:22、23、30；21:7-15），或至少说那些按这见解而行的人未受惩罚（玛3:14）。因看不见神作为的理由便否认神公义的治理，实际上就是与不敬虔之人同伙。
Original en inglés
8. Job virtually goes in company (makes common cause) with the wicked, by taking up their sentiments
(Job 9:22, 23, 30; 21:7-15),
or at least by saying, that those who act on such sentiments are unpunished
(Mal 3:14).
To deny God's righteous government because we do not see the reasons of His acts, is virtually to take part with the ungodly.
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简体中文
9. 与神（with God）——亲密之意（诗50:18，边注）。
Original en inglés
9. with God--in intimacy
(Ps 50:18,
Margin).
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Sin título
简体中文
10. 这是对约伯真正的答复，神在伯38:1-41中加以发挥。人当相信神的作为是正的，因那是祂的作为，而不是因为我们完全看见其为正（罗9:14；申32:4；创18:25）。
Original en inglés
10. The true answer to Job, which God follows up
(Job 38:1-41).
Man is to believe God's ways are right, because they are His, not because we fully see they are so
(Ro 9:14; De 32:4; Ge 18:25).
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简体中文
11. 部分在今世，完全在来世（耶32:19；罗2:6；彼前1:17；启22:12）。
Original en inglés
11. Partly here; fully, hereafter
(Jer 32:19; Ro 2:6; 1Pe 1:17; Re 22:12).
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简体中文
12.
(Job 8:3)。
与约伯的论调相反,
Job 34:5,
“必不”——即“不能”。
Original en inglés
12.
(Job 8:3).
In opposition to Job,
Job 34:5,
will not--cannot.
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Sin título
简体中文
13. 世界若非因神所造而属他所有,而是由某位更高者交托他掌管,那么他行事不公或有可能,因其不会伤及他自己;但事实上,神若行事不公将推翻整个世界的秩序,也就损害了神自己的产业
(Job 36:23)。
disposed——设立
(Isa 44:7),
建立了大地的圆圈。
Original en inglés
13. If the world were not God's property, as having been made by Him, but committed to His charge by some superior, it might be possible for Him to act unjustly, as He would not thereby be injuring Himself; but as it is, for God to act unjustly would undermine the whole order of the world, and so would injure God's own property
(Job 36:23).
disposed--hath founded
(Isa 44:7),
established the circle of the globe.
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简体中文
14, 15. “他若专心于人”,无论是要伤害人,还是要严苛算他的罪。上下文更支持[UMBREIT]:“他若只顾自己,并将人的灵等收归于己
(Ps 104:29)
(他所发出的灵,
Ps 104:30; Ec 12:7),
凡有血气的必一同死亡”等等
(Ge 3:19)。
神慈爱地保守他所造之物,证明他不可能自私,因此也不可能不公。
Original en inglés
14, 15. "If He were to set His heart on man," either to injure him, or to take strict account of his sins. The connection supports rather [UMBREIT], "If He had regard to himself (only), and were to gather unto Himself
(Ps 104:29)
man's spirit, &c. (which he sends forth,
Ps 104:30; Ec 12:7),
all flesh must perish together," &c.
(Ge 3:19).
God's loving preservation of His creatures proves He cannot be selfish, and therefore cannot be unjust.
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简体中文
16. 在
Job 34:2,
以利户对众人泛泛而谈;此处他特别请约伯留意。
Original en inglés
16. In
Job 34:2,
Elihu had spoken to all in general, now he calls Job's special attention.
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简体中文
17. “(在你看来)恨恶公义(公正)的他,岂能治理呢?”若不公被认可,世界的治理便不可能。神必须公义,因为他治理\n (2Sa 23:3)。
govern——字面作“绑”,即以权威绑束(如“掌权”,\n 1Sa 9:17,
旁注)。UMBREIT 将“govern”译作压抑怒气,即对约伯指控的怒气。
most just——更宜作:“那位同时大有能力又公义者”(在其世界治理上)。
Original en inglés
17. "Can even He who (in thy view) hateth right (justice) govern?" The government of the world would be impossible if injustice were sanctioned. God must be just, because He governs
(2Sa 23:3).
govern--literally, "bind," namely, by authority (so "reign,"
1Sa 9:17,
Margin). UMBREIT translates for "govern, repress wrath, namely, against Job for his accusations.
most just--rather, "Him who is at once mighty and just" (in His government of the world).
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简体中文
18. 字面作:(宜乎)对王说么?如此辱骂一位地上的君王已是严重的狂悖,遑论万王之王\n (Ex 22:28)。
但 MAURER 随七十士译本与武加大译本读作:(不宜指不公于他)那对王说“你是邪恶的”,对臣宰说“你们是不虔的”者;即不偏不倚地刑罚大者如小者。这与\n Job 34:19
相符。
Original en inglés
18. Literally, (Is it fit) to be said to a king? It would be a gross outrage to reproach thus an earthly monarch, much more the King of kings
(Ex 22:28).
But MAURER with the Septuagint and Vulgate reads, (It is not fit to accuse of injustice Him) who says to a king, Thou art wicked; to princes, Ye are ungodly; that is, who punishes impartially the great, as the small. This accords with
Job 34:19.
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简体中文
19.
(Ac 10:34; 2Ch 19:7; Pr 22:2; Job 31:15)。
Original en inglés
19.
(Ac 10:34; 2Ch 19:7; Pr 22:2; Job 31:15).
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Sin título
简体中文
20. they——“那些富人”和冒犯神的“君王”。
the people——即那些有罪君王之民:他们自己也同样有罪。
at midnight——喻象取自夜间敌人偷袭营盘,使其成为易得之掠物\n (Ex 12:29, 30)。
without hand——没有可见的媒介,仅凭神的话(如\n Job 20:26; Zec 4:6; Da 2:34)。
Original en inglés
20. they--"the rich" and "princes" who offend God.
the people--namely, of the guilty princes: guilty also themselves.
at midnight--image from a night attack of an enemy on a camp, which becomes an easy prey
(Ex 12:29, 30).
without hand--without visible agency, by the mere word of God (so
Job 20:26; Zec 4:6; Da 2:34).
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简体中文
21. 神的全知与全能使他能够立即施行公义。他无需像约伯所想的那样长久“监视”\n (Job 7:12; 2Ch 16:9; Jer 32:19)。
Original en inglés
21. God's omniscience and omnipotence enable Him to execute immediate justice. He needs not to be long on the "watch," as Job thought
(Job 7:12; 2Ch 16:9; Jer 32:19).
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简体中文
22. shadow of death——厚暗\n (Am 9:2, 3; Ps 139:12)。
Original en inglés
22. shadow of death--thick darkness
(Am 9:2, 3; Ps 139:12).
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Sin título
简体中文
23.
(1Co 10:13; La 3:32; Isa 27:8)。
更宜如 UMBREIT 所译:“他并不(无需)关注(如\n Job 34:14; Isa 41:20)
人很久,为要使他(被神带去)受审。”字面作:“免得他对人(的注意)”\n (Job 11:10, 11)。
照样,\n Job 34:24
的“无数”当译作:“无需[任何]搜查”,如人间审判所必须进行的那种。
Original en inglés
23.
(1Co 10:13; La 3:32; Isa 27:8).
Better, as UMBREIT, "He does not (needs not to) regard (as in
Job 34:14; Isa 41:20)
man long (so Hebrew,
Ge 46:29)
in order that he may go (be brought by God) into judgment." Literally, "lest his (attention) upon men"
(Job 11:10, 11).
So
Job 34:24,
"without number" ought to be translated, "without [needing any] searching out," such as has to be made in human judgments.
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简体中文
24. break in pieces——见\n (Ps 2:9; Job 12:18; Da 2:21)。
Original en inglés
24. break in pieces--
(Ps 2:9; Job 12:18; Da 2:21).
25
Sin título
简体中文
25. Therefore——因他无所不知\n (Job 34:21)。
他无需正式的调查就知道他们的作为\n (Job 34:24)。
in the night——突然,出乎意料\n (Job 34:20)。
在夜间正合适,因为不虔者正是在夜间隐藏自己\n (Job 34:22)。
UMBREIT 较不简洁地将“翻覆”译作“行走”;即神始终警醒,发现一切恶行。
Original en inglés
25. Therefore--because He knows all things
(Job 34:21).
He knows their works, without a formal investigation
(Job 34:24).
in the night--suddenly, unexpectedly
(Job 34:20).
Fitly in the night, as it was in it that the godless hid themselves
(Job 34:22).
UMBREIT, less simply, for "overturneth," translates, "walketh"; that is, God is ever on the alert, discovering all wickedness.
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简体中文
26. He striketh them——责打。
as——即因为他们是恶人。
sight of others——罪人在黑暗中隐藏自己;所以他们在众人面前、在光天化日之下受罚。喻象取自公开行刑之地\n (Job 40:12; Ex 14:30; 2Sa 12:12)。
Original en inglés
26. He striketh them--chasteneth.
as--that is, because they are wicked.
sight of others--Sinners hid themselves in darkness; therefore they are punished before all, in open day. Image from the place of public execution
(Job 40:12; Ex 14:30; 2Sa 12:12).
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简体中文
27, 28. 他们在\n Job 34:26
受罚的根据。\n Job 34:28
陈述他们在何事上“不留意神的道”,即借着欺压,以致“他们使那呼声”等等。
Original en inglés
27, 28. The grounds of their punishment in
Job 34:26.
Job 34:28
states in what respect they "considered not God's ways," namely, by oppression, whereby "they caused the cry," &c.
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简体中文
29.
(Pr 16:7; Isa 26:3)。
make trouble——更宜作:“定罪”
(Ro 8:33, 34)。
MAURER 因下文只论到不敬虔之人,且
Job 34:20
译作:“当神静默之时”(任凭人灭亡)
Ps 83:1;
[UMBREIT] 据阿拉伯文(意为击打在地)译作:“谁敢定他为不义呢?”
Job 34:17。
hideth . . . face——
(Job 23:8, 9; Ps 13:1)。
it be done——无论神如此行,是针对一个有罪的邦国
(2Ki 18:9-12),
还是针对个人。
Original en inglés
29.
(Pr 16:7; Isa 26:3).
make trouble--rather, "condemn"
(Ro 8:33, 34). MAURER, from the reference being only to the godless, in the next clause, and
Job 34:20
translates, "When God keeps quiet" (leaves men to perish)
Ps 83:1;
[UMBREIT] from the Arabic (strikes to the earth), "who shall condemn Him as unjust?"
Job 34:17.
hideth . . . face--
(Job 23:8, 9; Ps 13:1).
it be done--Whether it be against a guilty nation
(2Ki 18:9-12)
or an individual, that God acts so.
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简体中文
30. Ensnared——陷入罪中
(1Ki 12:28, 30)。
或更宜作:“被进一步的欺压所辖制”,
Job 34:26-28。
Original en inglés
30. Ensnared--into sin
(1Ki 12:28, 30).
Or rather, "enthralled by further oppression,"
Job 34:26-28.
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简体中文
31. 约伯正是如此说
(Job 40:3-5; Mic 7:9; Le 26:41)。
以利户被差来,正是为引他到此地步。约伯虽非伪君子,却与众人一样有罪;故须借苦难被带到神面前自卑。一切忧愁都证明人共有的罪之遗业——敬虔之人也有分于其中;所以他应当视之为蒙怜悯的管教。UMBREIT 与 MAURER 却将此意译失,他们据希伯来文亦可容许的读法译作:“岂有人能对神说,我受了责罚却未曾犯罪?”(如
Job 34:6)。
borne——即担当罪的刑罚,如
Le 5:1, 17。
offend——字面作“行事败坏”
(Ne 1:7)。
Original en inglés
31. Job accordingly says so
(Job 40:3-5; Mic 7:9; Le 26:41).
It was to lead him to this that Elihu was sent. Though no hypocrite, Job, like all, had sin; therefore through affliction he was to be brought to humble himself under God. All sorrow is a proof of the common heritage of sin, in which the godly shares; and therefore he ought to regard it as a merciful correction. UMBREIT and MAURER lose this by translating, as the Hebrew will bear, "Has any a right to say to God, I have borne chastisement and yet have not sinned?" (so
Job 34:6).
borne--namely, the penalty of sin, as in
Le 5:1, 17.
offend--literally, "to deal destructively or corruptly"
(Ne 1:7).
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简体中文
32.
(Job 10:2; Ps 32:8; 19:12; 139:23, 24)。
no more——
(Pr 28:13; Eph 4:22)。
Original en inglés
32.
(Job 10:2; Ps 32:8; 19:12; 139:23, 24).
no more--
(Pr 28:13; Eph 4:22).
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简体中文
33. 更宜作:“神要照你的心意报应(罪人)吗?那么弃取与选择就由你,而不由我”[UMBREIT];或如 MAURER 所译:“因为你已弃绝了神的报应之道,故你且说明你的道,因为必须由你选择,而非由我”,即指出一条比神更好的道,这是你的本分,不是我的。
Original en inglés
33. Rather, "should God recompense (sinners) according to thy mind? Then it is for thee to reject and to choose, and not me" [UMBREIT]; or as MAURER, "For thou hast rejected God's way of recompensing; state therefore thy way, for thou must choose, not I," that is, it is thy part, not mine, to show a better way than God's.
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简体中文
34, 35. 更宜作:“人……要对我说,那听我的智慧人
(Job 34:2, 10)
也要说:‘约伯说话’,云云。”
Original en inglés
34, 35. Rather, "men . . . will say to me, and the wise man
(Job 34:2, 10)
who hearkens to me (will say), 'Job hath spoken,'" &c.
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简体中文
36. 旁注作“我父”,欠佳,认为是以利户对神的称呼。此称谓在约伯记别处未出现过。
tried——被苦难试验。
answers for wicked men——(参
Job 34:8)。
敬虔之人所受的试验,在产生预期果效之前,并不撤去。
Original en inglés
36. Margin, not so well, "My father," Elihu addressing God. This title does not elsewhere occur in Job.
tried--by calamities.
answers for wicked men--(See on
Job 34:8).
Trials of the godly are not removed until they produce the effect designed.
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简体中文
37. clappeth . . . hands——出于藐视
(Job 27:23; Eze 21:17)。
multiplieth . . . words——
(Job 11:2; 35:16)。
他在原本为要矫正而降下的“罪”上,又加添悖逆,即用言语控告神的不公。
Original en inglés
37. clappeth . . . hands--in scorn
(Job 27:23; Eze 21:17).
multiplieth . . . words--
(Job 11:2; 35:16).
To his original "sin" to correct which trials have been sent, "he adds rebellion," that is, words arraigning God's justice.
伯34:1-37。
1. 回答（answered）——意即“继续发言”。