Comentario del capítulo
Job Capítulo 5
1
Job 5:1-27.
简体中文
Original en inglés
Job 5:1-27.
ELIPHAZ' CONCLUSION FROM THE VISION.
1. if there be any, &c.--Rather, "will He (God) reply to thee?" Job, after the revelation just given, cannot be so presumptuous as to think God or any of the holy ones
(Da 4:17,
"angels") round His throne, will vouchsafe a reply (a judicial expression) to his rebellious complaint.
2
Sin título
简体中文
2. 忿怒……嫉妒（wrath . . . envy）——指烦躁激烈的怨言，正如以利法指责约伯的那样（伯4:5；参箴14:30）。并非指神的忿怒杀死愚妄人，也非指祂的嫉妒云云。
Original en inglés
2. wrath . . . envy--fretful and passionate complaints, such as Eliphaz charged Job with
(Job 4:5;
so
Pr 14:30).
Not, the wrath of God killeth the foolish, and His envy, &c.
3
Sin título
简体中文
3. 愚妄人（the foolish）——即恶人。我曾见罪人在兴旺时广布“根”须，然而“忽然”有变故发生，使他一度兴旺的居所被“咒诅”为荒凉（诗37:35、36；耶17:8）。
Original en inglés
3. the foolish--the wicked. I have seen the sinner spread his "root" wide in prosperity, yet circumstances "suddenly" occurred which gave occasion for his once prosperous dwelling being "cursed" as desolate
(Ps 37:35, 36; Jer 17:8).
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Sin título
简体中文
4. 他的儿女……在城门口被压碎（His children . . . crushed in the gate）——司法程式用语。城门是审判与其他公共事务的所在（诗127:5；箴22:22；创23:10；申21:19）。亚述遗迹中也发现有这样的城门建筑（propylaea）。以利法隐约暗指那使约伯众子丧亡的灾祸。
Original en inglés
4. His children . . . crushed in the gate--A judicial formula. The gate was the place of judgment and of other public proceedings
(Ps 127:5; Pr 22:22; Ge 23:10; De 21:19).
Such propylæa have been found in the Assyrian remains. Eliphaz obliquely alludes to the calamity which cut off Job's children.
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Sin título
简体中文
5. 甚至从荆棘中（even out of the thorns）——即使部分谷粒仍挂在荆棘丛上（或“在荆棘里生长”，太13:7），饥饿的拾穗者也不嫌麻烦地把它拿走；恶人的庄稼就是这样被扫得干干净净。
抢夺的（the robber）——如抢掠约伯的示巴人。更当译作“干渴的”，因平行句中“饥饿的”证明此为反义对仗。
Original en inglés
5. even out of the thorns--Even when part of the grain remains hanging on the thorn bushes (or, "is growing among thorns,"
Mt 13:7),
the hungry gleaner does not grudge the trouble of even taking it away, so clean swept away is the harvest of the wicked.
the robber--as the Sabeans, who robbed Job. Rather, translate "the thirsty," as the antithesis in the parallelism, "the hungry," proves.
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Sin título
简体中文
6. 虽然（Although）——更当译作“因为实在”[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]。
患难不从尘土中生出（affliction cometh not forth of the dust）——不像杂草那样自生。以利法暗示其缘由在于约伯自己。
Original en inglés
6. Although--rather, "for truly" [UMBREIT].
affliction cometh not forth of the dust--like a weed, of its own accord. Eliphaz hints that the cause of it lay with Job himself.
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Sin título
简体中文
7. 然而（Yet）——更当译作“实在”，或：但苦难并非出于偶然，而是神为罪——即人原初的本罪——所命定的。以利法从约伯个人的罪及其随之而来的苦，转到人类普世的罪与苦。患难之由人共有的罪而生，正如火星（希伯来文作“炭之子”）向上飞升一样，是出于自然因果的必然律。患难既多且烈，如同火星（彼前4:12；赛43:2）。翁布雷特（UMBREIT）把“火星”译作“猛禽”；原文作“闪电之子”，较逊。
Original en inglés
7. Yet--rather, "Truly," or, But affliction does not come from chance, but is the appointment of God for sin; that is, the original birth-sin of man. Eliphaz passes from the particular sin and consequent suffering of Job to the universal sin and suffering of mankind. Troubles spring from man's common sin by as necessary a law of natural consequences as sparks (Hebrew, "sons of coal") fly upward. Troubles are many and fiery, as sparks
(1Pe 4:12; Isa 43:2).
UMBREIT for "sparks" has "birds of prey;"
literally, "sons of lightning," not so well.
8
Sin título
简体中文
8. 所以（既然苦难是神因罪而命定的），“我愿”你“寻求神”（赛8:19；摩5:8；耶5:24）。
Original en inglés
8. Therefore (as affliction is ordered by God, on account of sin), "I would" have you to "seek unto God"
(Isa 8:19; Am 5:8; Jer 5:24).
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Sin título
简体中文
11. 与伯5:9相连。祂“难测”的作为，目的是要升高谦卑者、降卑骄傲者（路1:52）。故此约伯当谦卑地转向祂。
Original en inglés
11. Connected with
Job 5:9.
His "unsearchable" dealings are with a view to raise the humble and abase the proud
(Lu 1:52).
Therefore Job ought to turn humbly to Him.
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Sin título
简体中文
12. 图谋（enterprise）——原文作“实现”。希伯来文一字兼有智慧与幸福两层意思，“持久存在”是这合并意思在词源学与哲学上的根源[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]。
Original en inglés
12. enterprise--literally, "realization." The Hebrew combines in the one word the two ideas, wisdom and happiness, "enduring existence" being the etymological and philosophical root of the combined notion [UMBREIT].
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Sin título
简体中文
13. 保罗
(1Co 3:19)
用确立默示的格式“经上记着说”引用了本句。他所引的是希伯来文原文原句,并非如他通常那样引用七十士译本希腊文译本
(Ps 9:15)。
哈曼被吊死在他为末底改所备的木架上
(Es 5:14; 7:10)。
the wise——即“诡诈者”。
is carried headlong——他们的计谋在未及成熟之前就急转直下。
Original en inglés
13. Paul
(1Co 3:19)
quoted this clause with the formula establishing its inspiration, "it is written." He cites the exact Hebrew words, not as he usually does the Septuagint, Greek version
(Ps 9:15).
Haman was hanged on the gallows he prepared for Mordecai
(Es 5:14; 7:10).
the wise--that is, "the cunning."
is carried headlong--Their scheme is precipitated before it is ripe.
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Sin título
简体中文
14. 世上聪明人往往受刑罚性的盲目
(De 28:29; Isa 59:10; Joh 9:39)。
Original en inglés
14. Judicial blindness often is sent upon keen men of the world
(De 28:29; Isa 59:10; Joh 9:39).
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Sin título
简体中文
15. “免了那从他们口中出来的”刀剑\n (Ps 59:7; 57:4)。
Original en inglés
15. "From the sword" which proceedeth "from their mouth"
(Ps 59:7; 57:4).
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Sin título
简体中文
16. the poor hath hope——盼望神的介入。
iniquity stoppeth her mouth——见
(Ps 107:42; Mic 7:9, 10; Isa 52:15)。
特别是在末日,因羞愧\n (Jude 15; Mt 22:12)。
“口”原是犯罪者\n (Job 5:15),
到末日这口也必被塞住\n (Isa 25:8)。
Original en inglés
16. the poor hath hope--of the interposition of God.
iniquity stoppeth her mouth--
(Ps 107:42; Mic 7:9, 10; Isa 52:15).
Especially at the last day, through shame
(Jude 15; Mt 22:12).
The "mouth" was the offender
(Job 5:15),
and the mouth shall then be stopped
(Isa 25:8)
at the end.
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Sin título
简体中文
17. happy——不是说实际的受苦是快乐的;而是思念那位降苦者的义,以及降苦的终,使它成为感恩的原因,而不是约伯所发的抱怨\n (Heb 12:11)。
以利法暗示:此处的终局是要叫约伯从他所假定约伯所犯的某项特定的罪中回转。保罗似乎在\n Heb 12:5
中暗引本段;照样\n Jas 1:12; Pr 3:12。
以利法并未充分强调这一真理,而是侧重于约伯的罪。惟有以利户\n (Job 32:1-37:24)
充分阐述这真理:苦难乃是为受苦者益处而伪装的怜悯与公义。
Original en inglés
17. happy--not that the actual suffering is joyous; but the consideration of the righteousness of Him who sends it, and the end for which it is sent, make it a cause for thankfulness, not for complaints, such as Job had uttered
(Heb 12:11).
Eliphaz implies that the end in this case is to call back Job from the particular sin of which he takes for granted that Job is guilty. Paul seems to allude to this passage in
Heb 12:5;
so
Jas 1:12; Pr 3:12.
Eliphaz does not give due prominence to this truth, but rather to Job's sin. It is Elihu alone
(Job 32:1-37:24)
who fully dwells upon the truth, that affliction is mercy and justice in disguise, for the good of the sufferer.
18
Sin título
简体中文
18. he maketh sore, and bindeth up——见
(De 32:39; Ho 6:1; 1Sa 2:6)。
喻象取自包扎伤口。当时的医术主要在于外敷。
Original en inglés
18. he maketh sore, and bindeth up--
(De 32:39; Ho 6:1; 1Sa 2:6).
An image from binding up a wound. The healing art consisted much at that time in external applications.
19
Sin título
简体中文
19. in six . . . yea, in seven——见\n (Pr 6:16; Am 1:3)。
希伯来文习语固定一个数目(此处“六”),以唤起对要事的注意;然后加上“不,七”——下一个更高的数字——以增强语气;此处“七”为神圣而完全之数。意指一切可能的患难;不只是精确的数目“七”。
Original en inglés
19. in six . . . yea, in seven--
(Pr 6:16; Am 1:3).
The Hebrew idiom fixes on a certain number (here "six"), in order to call attention as to a thing of importance; then increases the force by adding, with a "yea, nay seven," the next higher number; here "seven," the sacred and perfect number. In all possible troubles; not merely in the precise number "seven."
20
Sin título
简体中文
20. power——见\n (Jer 5:12)。
希伯来文作“手”。
of the sword——见\n (Eze 35:5,
旁注)。
手被交给那拟人化为活物的剑。
Original en inglés
20. power--
(Jer 5:12).
Hebrew, "hands."
of the sword--
(Eze 35:5,
Margin).
Hands are given to the sword personified as a living agent.
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Sin título
简体中文
21.
(Ps 31:20; Jer 18:18)。
Smite见
(Ps 73:9)。
Original en inglés
21.
(Ps 31:20; Jer 18:18).
Smite
(Psalm 73. 9).
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Sin título
简体中文
22. famine thou shalt laugh——不是指虽在毁灭与饑荒之中(这也是真的\n Hab 3:17, 18),
尽管这不是以利法所指的那个真理,而是因为这些灾祸不临到你。此处所用希伯来文词与\n Job 5:20
不同;那里指一般性的饑荒;此处指那些缺乏适当营养之人的衰弱状态[BARNES]。
Original en inglés
22. famine thou shalt laugh--Not, in spite of destruction and famine, which is true
(Hab 3:17, 18),
though not the truth meant by Eliphaz, but because those calamities shall not come upon thee. A different Hebrew word from that in
Job 5:20;
there, famine in general; here, the languid state of those wanting proper nutriment [BARNES].
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简体中文
23. in league with the stones of the field——它们必不伤害你土壤的肥沃;野兽也不害你的果实;这是在阿拉伯-德瑟塔(荒野阿拉伯)——石头众多之地——所说的。阿拉伯源出Arabah——荒凉的平原。本节首句对应于\n Job 5:22
的首句;本节末句对应于那节的末句。这预言的完全实现仍在未来\n (Isa 65:23, 25; Ho 2:18)。
Original en inglés
23. in league with the stones of the field--They shall not hurt the fertility of thy soil; nor the wild beasts thy fruits; spoken in Arabia-Deserta, where stones abounded. Arabia, derived from Arabah--a desert plain. The first clause of this verse answers to the first clause of
Job 5:22;
and the last of this verse to the last of that verse. The full realization of this is yet future
(Isa 65:23, 25; Ho 2:18).
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简体中文
24. know——“你必安居于这确信:你的居所是平安的居所;(若)你数点你的畜群,你的指望不至落空”[UMBREIT]。“罪”与上下文不合。该希伯来文词意为“偏离”靶子,指射箭者\n (Jud 20:16)。
希伯来文“居所”本义为“畜栏”;“查看”常意为“核算、数点”。“平安”是东方通用的问安语;包括内外的兴旺。
Original en inglés
24. know--"Thou shalt rest in the assurance, that thine habitation is the abode of peace; and (if) thou numberest thine herd, thine expectations prove not fallacious" [UMBREIT]. "Sin" does not agree with the context. The Hebrew word--"to miss" a mark, said of archers
(Jud 20:16).
The Hebrew for "habitation" primarily means "the fold for cattle"; and for "visit," often to "take an account of, to number." "Peace" is the common Eastern salutation; including inward and outward prosperity.
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简体中文
25. as the grass——见\n (Ps 72:16)。
确切地作:“结种子的菜蔬”\n (Ge 1:11, 12)。
Original en inglés
25. as the grass--
(Ps 72:16).
Properly, "herb-bearing seed"
(Ge 1:11, 12).
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Sin título
简体中文
26. in a full age——如“日子满足”\n (Job 42:17; Ge 35:29)。
所指不只是年日的长久,而是死之成熟——内在与外在的完全发展不被中途夭折\n (Isa 65:22)。
Thou shalt come——不是字面之意,而是表达乐意受死。以利法从旧约的角度说话,旧约视足寿为义人的赏赐\n (Ps 91:16; Ex 20:12),
以早死为恶人之分\n (Ps 55:23)。
义人是不死的,直到他们的工作完成。让他们活得更久,反而使他们不配死。神在他们最佳之时收取他们\n (Isa 57:1)。
善人被比作麦子\n (Mt 13:30)。
cometh in——字面作“升起”。谷物被举起离地,运回家中;照样善人“被收入禾捆堆中”[UMBREIT]。
Original en inglés
26. in a full age--So "full of days"
(Job 42:17; Ge 35:29).
Not mere length of years, but ripeness for death, one's inward and outward full development not being prematurely cut short, is denoted
(Isa 65:22).
Thou shalt come--not literally, but expressing willingness to die. Eliphaz speaks from the Old Testament point of view, which made full years a reward of the righteous
(Ps 91:16; Ex 20:12),
and premature death the lot of the wicked
(Ps 55:23).
The righteous are immortal till their work is done. To keep them longer would be to render them less fit to die. God takes them at their best
(Isa 57:1).
The good are compared to wheat
(Mt 13:30).
cometh in--literally, "ascends." The corn is lifted up off the earth and carried home; so the good man "is raised into the heap of sheaves" [UMBREIT].
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简体中文
27. searched it . . . for thy good——字面作“为你自己”\n (Ps 111:2; Pr 2:4; 9:12)。
Original en inglés
27. searched it . . . for thy good--literally, "for thyself"
(Ps 111:2; Pr 2:4; 9:12).
伯5:1-27。
以利法从异象所得的结论
1. 若有……等等——更当译作：“祂（神）会回答你吗？”约伯既已领受了刚才的启示，便不该如此僭妄，以为神或宝座周围的任何一位圣者（但4:17，“使者”[angels]）会屈尊对他的悖逆之怨作出答复（此为司法用语）。