Comentario del capítulo
Exodus Capítulo 37
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Sin título
繁體中文
Original en inglés
Bezaleel and his workmen are still busy, making I. The ark with the mercy-seat and the cherubim, Ex 37:1-9. II. The table with its vessels, Ex 37:10-16. III. The candlestick with its appurtenances, Ex 37:17-24. IV. The golden altar for incense, Ex 37:25-28. V. The holy oil and incense, Ex 37:29. The particular appointment concerning each of which we had before the Ex 25:1-40,30:1-38.
1-29
The Tabernacle and Its Furniture (1491 BC)
繁體中文
會幕與其中的器具（主前1491年）
¹ 比撒列用皂莢木做櫃，長二肘半，寬一肘半，高一肘半。
² 裏外都包上精金，四圍鑲上金牙邊。
³ 又鑄四個金環，安在櫃的四腳上；這邊兩環，那邊兩環。
⁴ 用皂莢木做兩根杠，用金包裹。
⁵ 把杠穿在櫃旁的環內，以便抬櫃。
⁶ 用精金做施恩座，長二肘半，寬一肘半。
⁷ 用金子錘出兩個基路伯來，安在施恩座的兩頭。
⁸ 這頭做一個基路伯，那頭做一個基路伯，二基路伯接連一塊，在施恩座的兩頭。
⁹ 二基路伯高張翅膀，遮掩施恩座；基路伯是臉對臉，朝向施恩座。
I. 有人或許覺得希奇，摩西既已如此詳細記錄了在山上所領受關於製造這一切的指示，為何又在此同樣詳細地記錄其製造過程——其實只需簡短地說這一切都照先前所記的指示造好了，豈不就夠了。我們確知，摩西在聖靈感動下寫作時，絕不使用無益的重複；聖經中沒有閒話。那麼為何要用這麼多章篇幅記述這些我們以為多餘而冗長的事呢？但我們必須考慮：1. 摩西主要是為以色列百姓而寫，他們常常讀到、聽到他們所受託的這些神聖而聖潔的財寶，對他們大有裨益。他們不可進去觀看陳設在會幕中的這些裝飾，只有祭司可以；因此有必要向他們詳細描述。他們當再讀的事（免得他們疏忽了），就一而再、再而三地寫下：照樣，新約中基督歷史的許多相同段落，由兩三位甚至四位福音書作者分別記述，也是出於同樣的理由。神律法和福音的大事，我們需要再三地被諄諄教誨。保羅說，把同樣的事再寫給你們，對我並不為難，對你們卻是妥當（腓三1）。2. 摩西要藉此表明他和工匠們何等謹慎，使一切都完全照著在山上所指示的樣式而做。他既已給了我們原件，如今又給了我們副本，使我們可以加以比較，看見兩者何等吻合。如此他就向每一位讀者為自己在神的全家、以及其中每一細節上的忠心而申訴（來三5）。如此他也教導我們要尊重神的一切誡命，甚至每一點一畫。3. 這也暗示神以他百姓真誠的順服為樂，並對之保持精確的記錄，將在義人復活時為他們帶來尊榮。無論人在本分上多麼一絲不苟，神對此的注意也同樣一絲不苟。他不會忘記你們所做的工和愛心的勞碌——在任何一個事例上都不會（來六10）。4. 福音會幕的屬靈豐富和美麗，藉此被推薦給我們常常而認真地思想。去繞行這錫安，觀看又觀看：你越默想教會的榮耀，就越發讚嘆、越發愛慕。其特權的憲章和其體制的記述，很值得再讀一遍。
II. 在這幾節中我們看見約櫃的製造，連同其榮耀而意味深長的附屬物——施恩座和基路伯。將這三者一併考慮，它們代表了聖潔之神的榮耀、聖潔之心的真誠、以及兩者之間藉著中保而有的相交。1. 聖潔之神的榮耀在於他住在基路伯之間；也就是說，他常常有蒙福的天使侍候和敬拜，其迅速由他們臉對臉的方向來象徵。2. 正直之心的特徵在於，如同見證的約櫃一樣，神的律法隱藏並保存在其中。3. 藉著耶穌基督這位偉大的挽回祭，我們與神之間成就了和好、確立了相交：他介入我們與神的不悅之間；不僅如此，我們更藉著他有分於神的恩寵。他若將律法寫在我們心上，就必作我們的神，我們也必作他的子民。他從施恩座上教導我們，在那裏悅納我們，向我們的 不義施憐憫；在他翅膀的蔭下，我們必安全無虞。
¹⁰ 他用皂莢木做一張桌子，長二肘，寬一肘，高一肘半。
¹¹ 包上精金，四圍鑲上金牙邊。
¹² 桌子的四圍各做一掌寬的橫樑，橫樑四圍鑲上金牙邊。
¹³ 又鑄了四個金環，安在桌子四腳的四角上。
¹⁴ 安環子的地方是挨近橫樑，可以穿杠抬桌子。
¹⁵ 他用皂莢木做兩根杠，用金子包裹，以便抬桌子；
¹⁶ 又用精金做桌子上的器具，就是盤子、調羹，並奠酒的爵和瓶。
¹⁷ 他用精金做一個燈臺；這燈臺的座和幹，與杯、球、花，都是接連一塊錘出來的。
¹⁸ 燈臺兩旁杈出六個枝子；這旁三個，那旁三個。
¹⁹ 這旁每枝上有三個杯，形狀像杏花，有球有花；那旁每枝上也有三個杯，形狀像杏花，有球有花；從燈臺杈出來的六個枝子都是如此。
²⁰ 燈臺上有四個杯，形狀像杏花，有球有花。
²¹ 燈臺每兩個枝子以下有球，與座連著，從燈臺杈出來的六個枝子都是如此。
²² 球和枝子都是接連一塊錘出來的，都是一塊精金。
²³ 又用精金做燈臺的七個燈盞，並燈臺的蠟剪和蠟花盤。
²⁴ 他用精金一他連得做燈臺和燈臺的一切器具。
這裏有：1. 桌子的製造，陳設餅要常常擺在其上。神是個好家主，總是預備豐盛的筵席。世界是他的會幕嗎？他的護理在其中為一切受造之物擺設筵席：他賜食物給凡有血氣的。教會是他的會幕嗎？他的恩典在其中為一切信徒擺設筵席，擺上生命的糧。但請留意福音的安排遠勝於律法的安排。雖然這裏有一張擺設好的桌子，但上面只有陳設餅——是供觀看的餅，不是供享用的——當餅在桌上時不能吃，之後也只有祭司可吃；但基督在新約中所擺設的筵席上，一切真基督徒都是受邀的客人；對他們說：我的朋友們，請吃；我所親愛的，請喝。 律法只能遠遠觀看的，福音卻賜人享受，並誠摯歡迎。2. 金燈臺的製造，不是包金的木頭，而是全用精金錘出來的（出三十七17、22）。這象徵神在地上教會（他在人間的會幕）中，始終被屬天啟示之光照亮，因為基督這棵好橄欖樹不斷供應新油（亞四2-3）。神在今世對自己的彰顯，與將來狀態的白晝之光相比，不過是燭光。聖經是金燈臺；它是精金做的（詩十九10）。從它發出光照亮神會幕的每一角落，使其中屬靈的祭司可以看見來事奉耶和華、做他聖所的工。這燈臺不僅有供實用的杯，還有供裝飾的球和花；有許多神看為合宜用來美化他話語的東西，我們對之不能比對這些球和花給出更多的理由，卻確知它們加上去是有好目的。讓我們為這金燈臺稱頌神，常常注目於它，並敬畏它從原處被挪去。
²⁵ 他用皂莢木做香壇，長一肘，寬一肘；這壇是四方的，高二肘。壇的四角與壇接連一塊。
²⁶ 又用精金把壇的上面、四圍和四角包裹，又在壇的四圍鑲上金牙邊。
²⁷ 在金牙邊以下，壇的兩旁做兩個金環，作為穿杠的用處，以便抬壇。
²⁸ 用皂莢木做杠，用金子包裹。
²⁹ 又按做香之法做聖膏油和馨淨的香料。
這裏有：1. 金香壇的製造，在其上每日要燒香，這象徵聖徒的禱告和基督的代求——禱告的蒙悅納和有功效正是因這代求。這壇的環子和杠子，以及一切附屬物，都包上金子，如同桌子和燈臺的一切器皿都是金的，因為這些是在聖所中使用的。神是最好的，我們當以我們所有的最好的事奉他；但我們在地上他的院宇中能用以事奉他的最好的，與他的聖徒將在天上聖所中用以事奉他的金子——無罪的完全——相比，不過如銅一般。2. 為要在這壇上焚燒之香的預備，連同聖膏油（出三十七29），是照著出三十22-38等的配方而做。神也將這門技藝教導比撒列；因此他雖然先前並不熟悉，卻照著做香之人的做法做成了這些東西，靈巧精確如自幼習此手藝一般。神賜智慧和恩典之處，必使屬神的人完全，預備行各樣的善事。
Original en inglés
The Tabernacle and Its Furniture (1491 BC)
¹ And Bezaleel made the ark of shittim wood: two cubits and a half was the length of it, and a cubit and a half the breadth of it, and a cubit and a half the height of it:
² And he overlaid it with pure gold within and without, and made a crown of gold to it round about.
³ And he cast for it four rings of gold, to be set by the four corners of it; even two rings upon the one side of it, and two rings upon the other side of it.
⁴ And he made staves of shittim wood, and overlaid them with gold.
⁵ And he put the staves into the rings by the sides of the ark, to bear the ark.
⁶ And he made the mercy seat of pure gold: two cubits and a half was the length thereof, and one cubit and a half the breadth thereof.
⁷ And he made two cherubims of gold, beaten out of one piece made he them, on the two ends of the mercy seat;
⁸ One cherub on the end on this side, and another cherub on the other end on that side: out of the mercy seat made he the cherubims on the two ends thereof.
⁹ And the cherubims spread out their wings on high, and covered with their wings over the mercy seat, with their faces one to another; even to the mercy seatward were the faces of the cherubims.
I. It may be thought strange that Moses, when he had recorded so fully the instructions given him upon the mount for the making of all these things, should here record as particularly the making of them, when it might have sufficed only to have said, in a few words, that each of these things was made exactly according to the directions before recited. We are sure that Moses, when he wrote by divine inspiration, used no vain repetitions; there are no idle words in scripture. Why then are so many chapters taken up with this narrative, which we are tempted to think needless and tedious? But we must consider, 1. That Moses wrote primarily for the people of Israel, to whom it would be of great use to read and hear often of these divine and sacred treasures with which they were entrusted. These several ornaments wherewith the tabernacle was furnished they were not admitted to see, but the priests only, and therefore it was requisite that they should be thus largely described particularly to them. That which they ought to read again (lest they should fail of doing it) is written again and again: thus many of the same passages of the history of Christ are in the New Testament related by two or three, and some by four of the evangelists, for the same reason. The great things of God's law and gospel we need to have inculcated upon us again and again. To write the same (says St. Paul) to me is not grievous, but for you it is safe, Php 3:1. 2. Moses would thus show the great care which he and his workmen took to make every thing exactly according to the pattern shown him in the mount. Having before given us the original, he here gives us the copy, that we may compare them, and observe how exactly they agree. Thus he appeals to every reader concerning his fidelity to him that appointed him, in all his house, and in all the particulars of it, Heb 3:5. And thus he teaches us to have respect to all God's commandments, even to every iota and tittle of them. 3. It is intimated hereby that God takes delight in the sincere obedience of his people, and keeps an exact account of it, which shall be produced to their honour in the resurrection of the just. None can be so punctual in their duty, but God will be as punctual in his notices of it. He is not unrighteous to forget the work and labour of love, in any instance of it, Heb 6:10. 4. The spiritual riches and beauties of the gospel tabernacle are hereby recommended to our frequent and serious consideration. Go walk about this Zion, view it and review it: the more you contemplate the glories of the church, the more you will admire them and be in love with them. The charter of its privileges, and the account of its constitution, will very well bear a second reading.
II. In these verses we have an account of the making of the ark, with its glorious and most significant appurtenances, the mercy-seat and the cherubim. Consider these three together, and they represent the glory of a holy god, the sincerity of a holy heart, and the communion that is between them, in and by a Mediator. 1. It is the glory of a holy god that he dwells between the cherubim; that is, is continually attended and adored by the blessed angels, whose swiftness was signified by their faces being one towards another. 2. It is the character of an upright heart that, like the ark of the testimony, it has the law of God hid and kept in it. 3. By Jesus Christ, the great propitiation, there is reconciliation made, and a communion settled, between us and God: he interposes between us and God's displeasure; and not only so, but through him we become entitled to God's favour. If he write his law in our heart, he will be to us a God and we shall be to him a people. From the mercy-seat he will teach us, there he will accept us, and show himself merciful to our unrighteousness; and under the shadow of his wings we shall be safe and easy.
¹⁰ And he made the table of shittim wood: two cubits was the length thereof, and a cubit the breadth thereof, and a cubit and a half the height thereof:
¹¹ And he overlaid it with pure gold, and made thereunto a crown of gold round about.
¹² Also he made thereunto a border of an handbreadth round about; and made a crown of gold for the border thereof round about.
¹³ And he cast for it four rings of gold, and put the rings upon the four corners that were in the four feet thereof.
¹⁴ Over against the border were the rings, the places for the staves to bear the table.
¹⁵ And he made the staves of shittim wood, and overlaid them with gold, to bear the table.
¹⁶ And he made the vessels which were upon the table, his dishes, and his spoons, and his bowls, and his covers to cover withal, of pure gold.
¹⁷ And he made the candlestick of pure gold: of beaten work made he the candlestick; his shaft, and his branch, his bowls, his knops, and his flowers, were of the same:
¹⁸ And six branches going out of the sides thereof; three branches of the candlestick out of the one side thereof, and three branches of the candlestick out of the other side thereof:
¹⁹ Three bowls made after the fashion of almonds in one branch, a knop and a flower; and three bowls made like almonds in another branch, a knop and a flower: so throughout the six branches going out of the candlestick.
²⁰ And in the candlestick were four bowls made like almonds, his knops, and his flowers:
²¹ And a knop under two branches of the same, and a knop under two branches of the same, and a knop under two branches of the same, according to the six branches going out of it.
²² Their knops and their branches were of the same: all of it was one beaten work of pure gold.
²³ And he made his seven lamps, and his snuffers, and his snuffdishes, of pure gold.
²⁴ Of a talent of pure gold made he it, and all the vessels thereof.
Here is, 1. The making of the table on which the show-bread was to be continually placed. God is a good householder, that always keeps a plentiful table. Is the world his tabernacle? His providence in it spreads a table for all the creatures: he provides food for all flesh. Is the church his tabernacle? His grace in it spreads a table for all believers, furnished with the bread of life. But observe how much the dispensation of the gospel exceeds that of the law. Though here was a table furnished, it was only with show-bread, bread to be looked upon, not to be fed upon, while it was on this table, and afterwards only by the priests; but to the table which Christ has spread in the new covenant all real Christians are invited guests; and to them it is said, Eat, O friends, come eat of my bread. What the law gave but a sight of at a distance, the gospel gives the enjoyment of, and a hearty welcome to. 2. The making of the candlestick, which was not of wood overlaid with gold, but all beaten work of pure gold only, Ex 37:17,22. This signified that light of divine revelation with which God's church upon earth (which is his tabernacle among men) has always been enlightened, being always supplied with fresh oil from Christ the good Olive, Zec 4:2,3. God's manifestations of himself in this world are but candle-light compared with the daylight of the future state. The Bible is a golden candlestick; it is of pure gold, Ps 19:10. From it light is diffused to every part of God's tabernacle, that by it his spiritual priests may see to minister unto the Lord, and to do the service of his sanctuary. This candlestick has not only its bowls for necessary use, but its knops and flowers for ornament; there are many things which God saw fit to beautify his word with which we can no more give a reason for than for these knops and flowers, and yet we are sure that they were added for a good purpose. Let us bless God for this candlestick, have an eye to it continually, and dread the removal of it out of its place.
²⁵ And he made the incense altar of shittim wood: the length of it was a cubit, and the breadth of it a cubit; it was foursquare; and two cubits was the height of it; the horns thereof were of the same.
²⁶ And he overlaid it with pure gold, both the top of it, and the sides thereof round about, and the horns of it: also he made unto it a crown of gold round about.
²⁷ And he made two rings of gold for it under the crown thereof, by the two corners of it, upon the two sides thereof, to be places for the staves to bear it withal.
²⁸ And he made the staves of shittim wood, and overlaid them with gold.
²⁹ And he made the holy anointing oil, and the pure incense of sweet spices, according to the work of the apothecary.
Here is, 1. The making of the golden altar, on which incense was to be burnt daily, which signified both the prayers of saints and the intercession of Christ, to which are owing the acceptableness and success of those prayers. The rings and staves, and all the appurtenances of this altar, were overlaid with gold, as all the vessels of the table and candlestick were of gold, for these were used in the holy place. God is the best, and we must serve him with the best we have; but the best we can serve him with in his courts on earth is but as brass, compared with the gold, the sinless and spotless perfection, with which his saints shall serve him in his holy place above. 2. The preparing of the incense which was to be burnt upon this altar, and with it the holy anointing oil (Ex 37:29), according to the dispensatory, Ex 30:22-38, etc. God taught Bezaleel this art also; so that though he was not before acquainted with it yet he made up these things according to the work of the apothecary, as dexterously and exactly as if he had been bred up to the trade. Where God gives wisdom and grace, it will make the man of God perfect, thoroughly furnished to every good work.
比撒列和他的工人仍忙碌不停，製造：一、約櫃，連同施恩座和基路伯，出 37:1-9。二、桌子和其上的器皿，出 37:10-16。三、燈臺和其配件，出 37:17-24。四、燒香用的金壇，出 37:25-28。五、聖膏油和香，出 37:29。這些物件各自的特別定例，先前已見於出 25:1-40、30:1-38。