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In this chapter our apostle gives Timothy many exhortations and directions, which may be of great use to other, both ministers and Christians, for whom they were designed as well as for him. I. He encourages him in his work, showing him whence he must fetch help, 2Ti 2:1. II. He must take care of a succession in the ministry, that the office might not die with him, 2Ti 2:2. III. He exhorts him to constancy and perseverance in this work, as a soldier and as a husbandman, considering what would be the end of all his sufferings, etc., 2Ti 2:3-15. IV. He must shun profane and vain babblings (2Ti 2:16-18), for they will be pernicious and mischievous. V. He speaks of the foundation of God, which standeth sure, 2Ti 2:19-21. VI. What he is to avoid—youthful lusts, and foolish and unlearned questions; and what to do, 2Ti 2:22-26.

This chapter, 2 Timothy 2, is made up of various exhortations and encouragements to duty. The apostle exhorts Timothy to be strong in the Christian graces 2 Timothy 2:1; to commit the great trust which he had received to faithful men 2 Timothy 2:2; to endure hardships like a good soldier 2 Timothy 2:3-7, and refers him:

(a) to the case of one who goes to war, whose great business it is to please him in whose service he is 2 Timothy 2:4;

(b) to the case of one who strives for a crown at the games 2 Timothy 2:5, and,

(c) to the husbandman who looks onward for the reward of his labor; 2 Timothy 2:6.

He then, in order to encourage him to be patient in enduring the trials to which he would be exposed, refers him.

(a) to the certainty of the truth of that religion in whose cause he would suffer 2 Timothy 2:8;

(b) to his own case, reminding him how much he had endured in that cause 2 Timothy 2:9-10;

(c) to the fact that our sufferings here will be crowned with certain glory hereafter 2 Timothy 2:11-12; and,

(d) to the assurance that the Lord Jesus will be faithful to all his promises to his people; 2 Timothy 2:13.

These things the apostle then exhorts him to press upon the hearts of others, that they might not waste their time in unprofitable pursuits, but might engage in the same great and arduous struggle for securing the reward; 2 Timothy 2:14. He then exhorts Timothy to study to perform his duties in such a way that he would not be ashamed and to avoid the unimportant strifes which were then raging; and to enforce this, he refers to a real case with which Timothy was acquainted - that of Hymeneus and Philetus, who, by unprofitable speculations, had been led to deny a fundamental doctrine of religion; 2 Timothy 2:15-18. Yet, Paul says, he should not be discouraged because some had been led into dangerous errors. The foundation of God remained firm. Those that were truly his were known, and would not apostatize; 2 Timothy 2:19. In illustration of this, and to show that it was to be expected that all would not honor religion, the apostle refers to a house in which there were all sorts of vessels, some to honor and some to dishonor, and says that, if any one would endeavor to free himself from all that was base and impure, he would be a vessel meet for the use of the Master; 2 Timothy 2:20-21. To accomplish this, he gives Timothy various directions respecting his conduct. He was to flee from youthful lusts; he was to follow righteousness, faith, charity, and peace; he was to avoid foolish questions; he was to be an example of gentleness and meekness, and he was patiently to instruct those that were of a different character; 2 Timothy 2:22-26.

He exhorts Timothy to constancy, fidelity, and courage; and to acquit himself as a true soldier of Jesus Christ; and patiently expect the fruit of his labors, 2 Timothy 2:1-7. What the apostle's doctrine was relative to Christ, 2 Timothy 2:8. He mentions his own sufferings and consolations, 2 Timothy 2:9-13. What Timothy is to preach, how he is to acquit himself, and what he is to shun, 2 Timothy 2:14-16. Of Hymeneus and Philetus, and their errors, 2 Timothy 2:17, 2 Timothy 2:18. Of the foundation of God, and its security, 2 Timothy 2:19. The simile of a great house and its utensils, 2 Timothy 2:20, 2 Timothy 2:21. Timothy is to avoid youthful lusts, and foolish and unlearned questions, 2 Timothy 2:22, 2 Timothy 2:23. How he is to act in reference to false teachers, 2 Timothy 2:24-26.

INTRODUCTION TO 2 Timothy 2

In this chapter the apostle continues his exhortations to Timothy, with respect both to his office and his conversation, and closes with the character of a minister of the Gospel. The apostle having exhorted Timothy, in the former chapter, to abide by the Gospel, notwithstanding whatsoever he might suffer for it, here points out to him that grace and strength in Christ, which he would have him have recourse unto, to enable him to discharge his duty, 2 Timothy 2:1 and that the Gospel might continue, he advises him to take care of a succession, and to commit the Gospel preached by him to others, whose qualifications for it are faithfulness and aptitude to teach, 2 Timothy 2:2 and in order to animate him to labour diligently in the Gospel, and suffer cheerfully for it, he observes to him that he was a soldier, and must endure hardships, and not indulge to the ease and pleasures of life; was a runner in a race, and therefore must strive before he received the crown; and was as an husbandman that must first labour before he partakes of the fruit: which things he would have him seriously consider; and desires that the Lord would give him understanding in them, 2 Timothy 2:3, and then with the same view, to encourage him to suffer for the Gospel of Christ, he puts him in mind of the incarnation and resurrection of Christ, as a summary of the Gospel, and a specimen of what he had heard of him, 2 Timothy 2:8 and instances in his own sufferings for it, the nature, use, and end of them, by way of example and imitation, 2 Timothy 2:9, and for the same purpose mentions several useful sayings and pithy sentences, as true and, to be depended on, 2 Timothy 2:11 which he would have Timothy put his hearers in mind of, and especially those to whom he committed the Gospel to preach; charging them, in a solemn manner, not to strive about words, which is not only unprofitable, but hurtful, 2 Timothy 2:14 and with respect to himself, he exhorts him to diligence and study, in interpreting and explaining the word of God, that so he might be approved unto God, and not be ashamed before men, 2 Timothy 2:15 and on the contrary, to avoid false doctrines, as being profane, empty, and mere babble; and as tending to greater impiety; and as being dangerous and threatening, like the spreading canker; of which he gives instances in Hymenaeus and Philetus, 2 Timothy 2:16 whose error was, that the resurrection was already past; and succeeded in the spreading of it, to the subversion of the faith of some, 2 Timothy 2:18. However, for the comfort of real believers, it is observed, that notwithstanding such errors, and the success of them, the foundation stands sure; God has a certain knowledge of his own people, and will keep them; and therefore it becomes such who either call on the name, or are called by the name of Christ, to depart from such evil doctrines, 2 Timothy 2:19 and that such things happening in the world, and in churches, should not be thought strange, the apostle illustrates the case by a simile of a great house, which has vessels of all sorts in it, and for different uses and purposes, 2 Timothy 2:21. Wherefore, to conclude his exhortations to Timothy, he advises him to flee those lusts which are incident to youth; to follow things that are good, and to avoid foolish and unlearned questions, which tend to strife, 2 Timothy 2:22 which leads him on to give the character of a servant of the Lord, or a preacher of the Gospel; that he must not strive, but be gentle, patient, and meek, in instructing adversaries; for which he should have an aptness; and is encouraged to act this part, from the consideration of success under a divine blessing; namely, bringing such persons to repentance, and to own the truth, and the recovery of them out of the snare of the devil, 2 Timothy 2:24.

Ch. 2. Apostolic Regulation of Public Worship

Ch. 2. Apostolic Zeal and Purity

CHAPTER 2

2 Timothy 2:3. In place of σὺ ουν κακοπάθησον, we should read συγκακοπάθησον, which is supported by the weightiest authorities, and adopted by Lachm. Buttm. Tisch. It is found in A C* D* E* F G א 17, 31, al., Vulg. It. Aug. Ambrosiast. Pel. Gildas. The Rec. is found apart from K L only in the altered text of C D E, and especially in the Greek Fathers, for which reason Reiche regards it as the original reading. Probably the beginning of 2 Timothy 2:1 gave occasion to the alteration, which was also recommended by the lack of any word to which the prefixed preposition refers. Even the occurrence in some MSS. of the reading συνστρατιώτης for στρατιώτης is a proof that συγκακοπ. is original.[21]

For Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ we should read Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ, following the weightiest authorities.—2 Timothy 2:4. The words τῷ Θεῷ added to στρατευόμενος in some MSS., etc., have arisen from a misapprehension; the apostle is speaking not of God’s foes, but of foes in general.—2 Timothy 2:6. The reading πρότερον in א for πρῶτον seems to be a mere correction.—2 Timothy 2:7. ἃ λέγω] Lachm. Buttm. Tisch. rightly read ὃ λέγω, after A C F G, 17, al., Chrys.; Ἅ is a correction, in order to bring out a reference to the three previous sentences.

ΔΏΣΕΙ] for ΔΏῌ, after A C* D E F G א 17, al., Copt. Arm. etc., Ambrosiast. Pel. etc.; δώῃ is explained from 2 Timothy 1:17-18.—2 Timothy 2:12. For ἀρνούμεθα we find in A C several cursives, translations, and Fathers, the future ἀρνησόμεθα, which Lachm. Buttm. and Tisch. adopted; the presents (ὑπομένομεν; ἀπιστοῦμεν) seem to be in favour of our adopting the present here; but the very same reason might have suggested the alteration of the future into the present.—2 Timothy 2:13. After ἀρνήσασθαι we should read γάρ, according to the weightiest authorities, and this Griesb. adopted into the text.—2 Timothy 2:14. τοῦ κυρίου] Instead of this, C F G א 37, al., Copt. Arm. etc., Chrys. Theoph. etc., have ΤΟῦ ΘΕΟῦ (Tisch. 8); but ΤΟῦ ΚΥΡΊΟΥ is the original reading; the correction may be explained from 1 Timothy 5:21; 2 Timothy 4:1.

Instead of the infinite ΛΟΓΟΜΑΧΕῖΝ (C*** D E F G K L א, the cursives, several versions, etc., Tisch.), we find ΛΟΓΟΜΆΧΕΙ in A C* Aeth. Vulg. etc. (Lachm. Buttm.). According to the former reading, the verb ΛΟΓΟΜ. is dependent on ΔΙΑΜΑΡΤΥΡΌΜΕΝΟς; according to the latter, ΔΙΑΜΑΡΤ. is connected with what precedes, and ΛΟΓΟΜΆΧΕΙ begins a new imperative clause. For the decision on the point, see the explanation of the verse.

ΕἸς ΟὐΔΈΝ] A C, 17, al., have ἐπʼ οὐδέν (Lachm. Buttm. Tisch.); F G א (first hand), Vulg. It. Ambrosiast. Pelag. etc., ἐπʼ οὐδενὶ γάρ. Of these various readings, least can be said for ἐπʼ οὐδενὶ γάρ; it seems to have arisen from an endeavour to form these words in the same way as those that follow; even the γάρ is only an insertion by way of explanation. Of the two others, ἐπʼ οὐδέν is to be preferred as the less usual form; εἰς οὐδέν occurs elsewhere in the N. T., and εὔχρηστος, especially in 2 Timothy 4:11, is construed with εἰς.—2 Timothy 2:19. א has πάντας before τοὺς ὄντας, probably a later addition.

κυρίου for Χριστοῦ was rightly adopted by Griesb.—2 Timothy 2:21. ἡγιασμένον, εὔχρηστον, instead of ἡγιασμ. καὶ εὔχρ., after A C** D* E* F G, etc.—2 Timothy 2:22. Between μετά and τῶν there is found πάντων (Lachm. Buttm.) in A C F G 17, 23, al., Aeth. Slav, etc., Chrys. Theodoret, etc.; F G further omit the article ΤῶΝ. Since ΠΆΝΤΕς stands in the same expression at Romans 11:12, 1 Corinthians 1:2, it seems to have been inserted from these passages. Tisch. omits ΠΆΝΤΩΝ, on the authority of D E K L, al., Vulg. Copt. Syr. etc.—2 Timothy 2:25. For δῷ, Lachm. Buttm. and Tisch. rightly read δῴη, after A C D* F G א (first hand), 31, al., Ephr. Chrys. ms. Isidor.

[21] To Reiche’s remark: Quomodo in unius Codicis D lectione συνστρατιώτης lectionis συγκακοπ. praesidium sit, non video, it may be replied that the scribe was probably induced by the previous συγκακ. to prefix συν also before the word στρατιώτης.

2Ti 2:1-26.

EXHORTATIONS; TO FAITHFULNESS AS A GOOD SOLDIER OF CHRIST; ERRORS TO BE SHUNNED; THE LORD'S SURE FOUNDATION; THE RIGHT SPIRIT FOR A SERVANT OF CHRIST.

1. Thou therefore--following my example

(2Ti 1:8, 12),

and that of ONESIPHORUS

(2Ti 1:16-18),

and shunning that of those who forsook me

(2Ti 1:15).

my son--Children ought to imitate their father.

be strong--literally, "be invested with power." Have power, and show thyself to have it; implying an abiding state of power.

in the grace--the element IN which the believer's strength has place. Compare

2Ti 1:7,

"God hath given us the spirit of power."