Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
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Barnes' Notes on the Bible
Albert Barnes · 1834
Albert Barnes' Notes on Revelation Of St. John The Divine (New Testament, English original, public domain). Sourced from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes.
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Adam Clarke's Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Adam Clarke · 1831
Public domain English commentary by Adam Clarke, normalized from Wikisource book pages for scripture.how. Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/clarke.
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John Gill's Exposition of the Bible
John Gill · 1763
John Gill(1697-1771), Exposition of the Old and New Testament(1746-1763). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/gill.
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Calvin's Commentaries
John Calvin · 1850
종교개혁 신학 원천 (영역본 PD, 대부분 — 전권 아님)
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Matthew Poole's Annotations upon the Holy Bible
Matthew Poole · 1685
간결 절별 전권 개혁주의 주석
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The Pulpit Commentary
ed. H.D.M. Spence & Joseph S. Exell · 1890
전권 강해·설교·예화 풍부 (항목 대량)
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Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
Carl F. Keil, Franz Delitzsch · 1866
구약 학술 표준 — 히브리어·문헌비평·고대근동 배경
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Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
ed. Charles J. Ellicott · 1878
학술+가독 균형 전권 주석
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Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Cambridge (다저자) · 1900
준전권 준학술 (권별 저자·연도 확인)
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Vincent's Word Studies in the New Testament
Marvin R. Vincent · 1887
신약 헬라어 단어 연구
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Word Pictures in the New Testament
A.T. Robertson · 1933
헬라어 시제·문법 해설 결정판 (KR PD / US 1931+ 권별)
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The Expositor's Greek Testament
ed. W. Robertson Nicoll (다저자) · 1910
헬라어 신약 학술 (권별 저자 PD 확인 필요)
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Meyer's Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament
Heinrich A.W. Meyer · 1880
신약 학술 정밀주해 (독일 — K&D 대응)
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley · 1755
간결 실용 전권(NT 1755 / OT 1765) 웨슬리안
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Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments
Joseph Benson · 1815
웨슬리안 전권 주석
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The Treasury of David
Charles H. Spurgeon · 1885
시편 주석 고전 (설교 자료 풍부)
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MacLaren's Expositions of Holy Scripture
Alexander Maclaren · 1910
설교형 강해 명저 (전권, 절별 가공 필요)
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The People's New Testament
B.W. Johnson · 1891
평이 절별 신약 해설 (일반신자·모바일)
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Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible
Thomas Coke · 1803
감리교 전권 주석
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Trapp's Complete Commentary
John Trapp · 1660
청교도 전권 주석 — Henry/Gill 보완
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Hodge's Commentary on the New Testament
Charles Hodge · 1860
프린스턴 조직신학 관점 신약 정밀 주석 (롬·고전후·엡)
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Adam Clarke's Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Numbers 35 Introduction
The Israelites are commanded to give the Levites, out of their inheritances, cities and their suburbs for themselves and for their cattle, goods, etc., Numbers 35:1-3. The suburbs to be 3,000 cubits round about from the wall of the city, Numbers 35:4, Numbers 35:5. The cities to be forty-two, to which six cities of refuge should be added, in all forty-eight cities, Numbers 35:6, Numbers 35:7. Each tribe shall give of these cities in proportion to its possessions, Numbers 35:8. These cities to be appointed for the person who might slay his neighbor unawares, Numbers 35:9-12. Of these six cities there shall be three on each side Jordan, Numbers 35:13, Numbers 35:14. The cities to be places of refuge for all who kill a person unawares, whether they be Israelites, strangers, or sojourners, Numbers 35:15. Cases of murder to which the benefit of the cities of refuge shall not extend, Numbers 35:16-21. Cases of manslaughter to which the benefits of the cities of refuge shall extend, Numbers 35:22, Numbers 35:23. How the congregation shall act between the manslayer and the avenger of blood, Numbers 35:24, Numbers 35:25. The manslayer shall abide in the city of refuge till the death of the high priest; he shall then return to the land of his possession, Numbers 35:26-28. Two witnesses must attest a murder before a murderer can be put to death, Numbers 35:29, Numbers 35:30. Every murderer to be put to death, Numbers 35:31. The manslayer is not to be permitted to come to the land of his inheritance till the death of the high priest, Numbers 35:32. The land must not be polluted with blood, for the Lord dwells in it, Numbers 35:33, Numbers 35:34.
INTRODUCTION TO Numbers 35
Though the tribe of Levi had no part in the division of the land, yet cities out of the several tribes are here ordered to be given them to dwell in, to the number of forty eight, Numbers 35:1, six of which were to be cities of refuge, Numbers 35:9, but not for wilful murderers, in whatsoever way they might kill a man, Numbers 35:16, but for such who had killed a man unawares, Numbers 35:22, and several rules are given relating to such persons, Numbers 35:25, but no satisfaction was to be taken in case of murder, nor to excuse a person's return to his own house before the death of the high priest, who had fled to a city of refuge, that so the land might not be defiled, Numbers 35:30.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Nu 35:1-5.
Nu 35:1-5.
EIGHT AND FORTY CITIES GIVEN TO THE LEVITES.
And the Lord spake to Moses,.... After he had described the borders of the land, and given instructions about the division of it among the several tribes, and named the persons that should be concerned in parting and putting it into the possession of the Israelites, he makes a provision for the Levites; for though they had no inheritance in the land as a tribe, yet it was proper they should have cities and houses to dwell in; for it would not be suitable that they should be always about the tabernacle, as they were in the wilderness; and it is concerning this the Lord is said to speak to Moses:
in the plains of Moab by Jordan, near Jericho: where the Israelites now were, and had been for some time:
saying; as follows.
Eight and forty cities given to the Levites, together with their suburbs; among which six cities of refuge, for an Israelite or stranger who had killed another unawares, Numbers 35:1-15. Wilful murder decided, and the murderer to be put to death, Numbers 35:16-21. The man-slayer must abide in the city of refuge till the death of the high priest; and if caught out of it, might be killed, Numbers 35:25-29. Two witnesses required to condemn a man to die, Numbers 35:30. No satisfaction to be taken for the life of a murderer, Numbers 35:31, nor that any one might return from a city of refuge before the time, Numbers 35:32; that the land be not defiled and polluted, and not cleansed of the blood shed in it, Numbers 35:33,34.
No text from Poole on this verse.
Verse 1. - And the Lord spake. Cf. Numbers 33:50; Numbers 36:13.
1–8. The Levitical cities
The Levites are to receive 48 cities with their surrounding land (E.VV. ‘suburbs’), six of which are to be ‘cities of refuge.’ The cities are to be contributed by each tribe in numbers proportionate to its size. Each plot of land is to be a square of 2,000 cubits (c. 1,000 yards). The carrying out of this law is related in fuller detail in Joshua 21, where the allotment is as follows: the Kohathite Levites were given 10 towns in Ephraim, Dan and western Manasseh, the Gershonites 13 in Issachar, Asher, Naphtali and eastern Manasseh, the Merarites 12 in Reuben, Gad and Zebulun, while the priests had 10 in Judah, Simeon and Benjamin.
Two considerations, however, shew that this is a purely ideal arrangement, which could never have been actually brought about: 1st, In a hilly country like Palestine, cut with deep ravines, it would be impossible to find 48 square plots of land of such a size. 2nd, It is at variance with statements in earlier passages, (a) In Deuteronomy the Levites are classed with widows, orphans and strangers, as poor people who are commended to the charity of Israel; cf. Deuteronomy 12:12; Deuteronomy 12:18 f., Numbers 14:27; Numbers 14:29, Numbers 16:11; Numbers 16:14, Numbers 26:11 ff. In a few cases, indeed, priests settled in communities, and appear to have owned property, e.g. at Anathoth (1 Kings 2:26, Jeremiah 32:6 ff.), Nob (1 Samuel 21:1; 1 Samuel 22:19) and Bethel (Amos 7:10); but the two latter towns are not included in the list in Joshua 21. Deuteronomy 18:8 b may imply that some Levitical priests owned private property, but the passage is uncertain. (b) In Numbers 18, which must belong to an earlier stage of P than the present passage, the offerings to be made to the priests are expressly stated to be due to them because they have no landed property. Ezekiel (ch. 48) puts forward another ideal scheme for providing priests and Levites with land.
Orders having been given before for the dividing of the land of Canaan among the lay-tribes (as I may call them), care is here taken for a competent provision for the clergy, the tribe of Levi, which ministered in holy things. I. Forty-eight cities were to be assigned them, with their suburbs, some in every tribe, Nu 35:1-8. II. Six cities out of these were to be for cities of refuge, for any man that killed another unawares, Nu 35:9-15. In the law concerning these observe, 1. In what case sanctuary was not allowed, namely, that of wilful murder, Nu 35:16-21. 2. In what cases it was allowed, Nu 35:22-24. 3. What was the law concerning those that took shelter in these cities of refuge, Nu 35:25-34, etc.