Commentaire par chapitre
Isaiah Chapitre 47
1
Isa 47:1-15.
Original anglais
Isa 47:1-15. THE DESTRUCTION OF BABYLON IS REPRESENTED UNDER THE IMAGE OF A ROYAL VIRGIN BROUGHT DOWN IN A MOMENT FROM HER MAGNIFICENT THRONE TO THE EXTREME OF DEGRADATION.
1. in the dust--(See on
Isa 3:26;
Job 2:13; La 2:10).
virgin--that is, heretofore uncaptured [HERODOTUS, 1.191].
daughter of Babylon--Babylon and its inhabitants (see on
Isa 1:8;
Isa 37:22).
no throne--The seat of empire was transferred to Shushan. Alexander intended to have made Babylon his seat of empire, but Providence defeated his design. He soon died; and Seleucia, being built near, robbed it of its inhabitants, and even of its name, which was applied to Seleucia.
delicate--alluding to the effeminate debauchery and prostitution of all classes at banquets and religious rites [CURTIUS, 5.1; HERODOTUS, 1.199; BARUCH, 6.43].
2
Sans titre
맷돌질은 동방에서 여종의 천한 일이다. 바벨론은 너울과 옷자락을 벗고 강을 건너는 종처럼 낮아지는 수치를 당한다.
Original anglais
2. millstones--like the querns or hand-mills, found in this country, before the invention of water mills and windmills: a convex stone, made by the hand to turn in a concave stone, fitted to receive it, the corn being ground between them: the office of a female slave in the East; most degrading
(Job 31:10; Mt 24:41).
uncover thy locks--rather, "take off thy veil" [HORSLEY]: perhaps the removal of the plaited hair worn round the women's temples is included; it, too, is a covering
(1Co 11:15);
to remove it and the veil is the badge of the lowest female degradation; in the East the head is the seat of female modesty; the face of a woman is seldom, the whole head almost never, seen bare (see on
Isa 22:8).
make bare the leg--rather "lift up (literally, 'uncover'; as in lifting up the train the leg is uncovered) thy flowing train." In Mesopotamia, women of low rank, as occasion requires, wade across the rivers with stript legs, or else entirely put off their garments and swim across. "Exchange thy rich, loose, queenly robe, for the most abject condition, that of one going to and fro through rivers as a slave, to draw water," &c.
uncover . . . thigh--gather up the robe, so as to wade across.
3
Sans titre
하나님은 바벨론을 심판할 때 사람이 중재하도록 허락하지 않으신다. 또는 모두 멸망하기 전에는 누구와도 화친하지 않겠다는 뜻이다.
Original anglais
3. not meet . . . as a man--rather, "I will not meet a man," that is, suffer man to intercede with me--give man an audience [HORSLEY]. Or, "I will not make peace with any man," before all are destroyed. Literally, "strike a league with"; a phrase arising from the custom of striking hands together in making a compact [MAURER], (see on
Pr 17:18;
Pr 22:26; 11:15,
Margin). Or else from striking the victims sacrificed in making treaties.
4
Sans titre
이 절은 ‘우리의 구속자, 만군의 여호와’라는 찬양의 합창처럼 이해될 수 있다. 예레미야 50:34와 연결된다.
Original anglais
4. As for--rather supply, "Thus saith our Redeemer" [MAURER]. LOWTH supposes this verse to be the exclamation of a chorus breaking in with praises, "Our Redeemer! Jehovah of hosts," &c.
(Jer 50:34).
5
Sans titre
앉는 자세는 애도의 자세이다. 바벨론은 세계의 여주인이었으나 이제 어둠과 비참함 가운데 앉게 된다.
Original anglais
5. Sit--the posture of mourning
(Ezr 9:4; Job 2:13; La 2:10).
darkness--mourning and misery
(La 3:2; Mic 7:8).
lady of kingdoms--mistress of the world
(Isa 13:19).
6
Sans titre
바벨론은 하나님의 백성을 벌하는 도구였으나 방종한 잔혹함으로 행했기 때문에 복수를 받는다. 늙은 자까지 잔인하게 대했다.
Original anglais
6. reason for God's vengeance on Babylon: in executing God's will against His people, she had done so with wanton cruelty
(Isa 10:5, &c.; Jer 50:17; 51:33; Zec 1:15).
polluted my inheritance--
(Isa 43:28).
the ancient--Even old age was disregarded by the Chaldeans, who treated all alike with cruelty
(La 4:16; 5:12)
[ROSENMULLER]. Or, "the ancient" means Israel, worn out with calamities in the latter period of its history
(Isa 46:4),
as its earlier stage of history is called its "youth"
(Isa 54:6; Eze 16:60).
7
Sans titre
바벨론은 영원히 여왕이리라 생각하여 몰락을 믿지 않을 만큼 교만해졌다. 그 교만의 끝을 마음에 두지 않았다.
Original anglais
7. so that--Through thy vain expectation of being a queen for ever, thou didst advance to such a pitch of insolence as not to believe "these things" (namely, as to thy overthrow,
Isa 47:1-5)
possible.
end of it--namely, of thy insolence, implied in her words, "I shall be a lady for ever."
8
Sans titre
바벨론의 향락과 ‘나 외에는 없다’는 교만은 하나님께만 합당한 말을 사람이 가로챈 것이다. 과부와 자녀 잃음은 왕과 주민을 잃은 국가의 몰락을 뜻한다.
Original anglais
8. given to pleasures--(See on
Isa 47:1).
In no city were there so many incentives to licentiousness.
I am . . . none . . . beside me--
(Isa 47:10).
Language of arrogance in man's mouth; fitting for God alone
(Isa 45:6).
See
Isa 5:8,
latter part.
widow . . . loss of children--A state, represented as a female, when it has fallen is called a widow, because its king is no more; and childless, because it has no inhabitants; they having been carried off as captives
(Isa 23:4; 54:1, 4, 5; Re 18:7, 8).
9
Sans titre
바벨론은 서서히 쇠하지 않고 한순간에 무너진다. 마술과 주문에도 불구하고 재앙은 완전한 분량으로 임한다.
Original anglais
9. in a moment--It should not decay slowly, but be suddenly and unexpectedly destroyed; in a single night it was taken by Cyrus. The prophecy was again literally fulfilled when Babylon revolted against Darius; and, in order to hold out to the last, each man chose one woman of his family, and strangled the rest, to save provisions. Darius impaled three thousand of the revolters.
in . . . perfection--that is, "in full measure."
for . . . for--rather, "notwithstanding the . . . notwithstanding"; "in spite of" [LOWTH]. So "for"
(Nu 14:11).
Babylon was famous for "expiations or sacrifices, and other incantations, whereby they tried to avert evil and obtain good" [DIODORUS SICULUS].
10
Sans titre
바벨론의 악은 복속 국가들을 대하던 잔혹함이다. 아무도 보지 않는다는 생각과 점성술적·정치적 지혜가 그를 그릇된 길로 이끌었다.
Original anglais
10. wickedness--as in
Isa 13:11,
the cruelty with which Babylon treated its subject states.
None seeth me--
(Ps 10:11; 94:7).
"There is none to exact punishment from me." Sinners are not safe, though seeming secret.
Thy wisdom--astrological and political
(Isa 19:11,
&c., as to Egypt).
perverted--turns thee aside from the right and safe path.
11
Sans titre
재앙은 아무런 완화의 새벽 없이 갑자기 임한다. 바벨론은 그 재앙을 속죄나 점술로 제거하지 못하며, 이는 그들의 점성술이 거짓임을 보인다.
Original anglais
11. from whence it riseth--Hebrew, "the dawn thereof," that is, its first rising. Evil shall come on thee without the least previous intimation [ROSENMULLER]. But dawn is not applied to "evil," but to prosperity shining out after misery
(Isa 21:12).
Translate, "Thou shall not see any dawn" (of alleviation) [MAURER].
put . . . off--rather, as Margin, "remove by expiation"; it shall be never ending.
not know--unawares: which thou dost not apprehend. Proving the fallacy of thy divinations and astrology
(Job 9:5; Ps 35:8).
12
Sans titre
하나님은 바벨론의 마술사들에게 자기 도시를 지킬 수 있는지 나서 보라고 조롱하신다. 마귀의 섬김은 수고롭지만 열매가 없다.
Original anglais
12. Stand--forth: a scornful challenge to Babylon's magicians to show whether they can defend their city.
laboured--The devil's service is a laborious yet fruitless one
(Isa 55:2).
13
Sans titre
점성술사들은 별의 배열과 달의 변화로 미래를 말한다고 주장했다. 그러나 그들의 많은 계산은 바벨론에게 임할 일을 막지 못한다.
Original anglais
13. wearied--(compare
Isa 57:10; Eze 24:12).
astrologers--literally, those who form combinations of the heavens; who watch conjunctions and oppositions of the stars. "Casters of the configurations of the sky" [HORSLEY]. GESENIUS explains it: the dividers of the heavens. In casting a nativity they observed four signs:--the horoscope, or sign which arose at the time one was born; the mid-heaven; the sign opposite the horoscope towards the west; and the hypogee.
monthly prognosticators--those who at each new moon profess to tell thereby what is about to happen. Join, not as English Version, "save . . . from those things," &c.; but, "They that at new moons make known from (by means of) them the things that shall come upon thee" [MAURER].
14
Sans titre
그들은 초개처럼 타서 살아 있는 숯불 하나도 남기지 못한다. 멸망은 완전할 것이다.
Original anglais
14.
(Isa 29:6; 30:30).
not . . . a coal--Like stubble, they shall burn to a dead ash, without leaving a live coal or cinder (compare
Isa 30:14),
so utterly shall they be destroyed.
15
Sans titre
바벨론이 수고와 돈을 들인 점성술사나 상인들은 각자 자기 길로 도망할 것이다. 아무도 바벨론을 구원하지 못한다.
Original anglais
15. Thus, &c.--Such shall be the fate of those astrologers who cost thee such an amount of trouble and money.
thy merchants, from thy youth--that is, with whom thou hast trafficked from thy earliest history, the foreigners sojourning in Babylon for the sake of commerce
(Isa 13:14; Jer 51:6, 9; Na 3:16, 17)
[BARNES]. Rather, the astrologers, with whom Babylon had so many dealings
(Isa 47:12-14)
[HORSLEY].
to his quarter--literally, "straight before him"
(Eze 1:9, 12).
The foreigners, whether soothsayers or merchants, shall flee home out of Babylon
(Jer 50:16).
이사야 47장은 바벨론을 보좌에서 내려와 티끌에 앉는 왕족 처녀로 묘사한다. 정복된 적 없던 도시는 보좌와 화려함을 잃고 극도의 굴욕에 떨어진다.