Commentaire par chapitre
Jeremiah Chapitre 50
1
Jer 50:1-46.
繁體中文
Original anglais
Jer 50:1-46.
BABYLON'S COMING DOWNFALL; ISRAEL'S REDEMPTION.
After the predictions of judgment to be inflicted on other nations by Babylon, follows this one against Babylon itself, the longest prophecy, consisting of one hundred verses. The date of utterance was the fourth year of Zedekiah, when Seraiah, to whom it was committed, was sent to Babylon
(Jer 51:59, 60).
The repetitions in it make it likely that it consists of prophecies uttered at different times, now collected by Jeremiah to console the Jews in exile and to vindicate God's ways by exhibiting the final doom of Babylon, the enemy of the people of God, after her long prosperity. The style, imagery, and dialogues prove its genuineness in opposition to those who deny this. It shows his faithfulness; though under obligation to the king of Babylon, he owed a higher one to God, who directed him to prophesy against Babylon.
1. Compare
Isa 45:1-47:15.
But as the time of fulfilment drew nearer, the prophecies are now proportionally more distinct than then.
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2. 在……列國中傳揚——他們將因壓迫他們的巴比倫傾覆而歡喜。
大旗——用以向列國指示聚集之地，在那裏他們將聽見巴比倫傾覆的好消息〔ROSENMULLER〕；或作召聚列國一同攻打巴比倫的信號
（Jer 51:12, 27），
〔MAURER〕。
彼勒——巴比倫的守護神；與腓尼基的巴力——即主、太陽——相同
（Isa 46:1）。
抱愧——因不能保護其下的城。
米羅達——另一巴比倫偶像；在敘利亞語中意為「小主」；米羅達巴拉旦之名即由此而來。
Original anglais
2. Declare . . . among . . . nations--who would rejoice at the fall of Babylon their oppressor.
standard--to indicate the place of meeting to the nations where they were to hear the good news of Babylon's fall [ROSENMULLER]; or, the signal to summon the nations together against Babylon
(Jer 51:12, 27),
[MAURER].
Bel--the tutelary god of Babylon; the same idol as the Phœnician Baal, that is, lord, the sun
(Isa 46:1).
confounded--because unable to defend the city under their protection.
Merodach--another Babylonian idol; meaning in Syria "little lord"; from which Merodach-baladan took his name.
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3. 一國——即巴比倫以北的瑪代人
（Jer 51:48）。
此處所預言的巴比倫荒涼，不僅包括古列所造成的，也包括大流士更徹底的毀滅——他在巴比倫叛離波斯時用計攻取，無情地屠殺居民，吊死四千貴族；也包括巴比倫最終的荒廢——因 Seleucus Nicanor 在附近建了西流基亞城。
Original anglais
3. a nation--the Medes, north of Babylon
(Jer 51:48).
The devastation of Babylon here foretold includes not only that by Cyrus, but also that more utter one by Darius, who took Babylon by artifice when it had revolted from Persia, and mercilessly slaughtered the inhabitants, hanging four thousand of the nobles; also the final desertion of Babylon, owing to Seleucia having been built close by under Seleucus Nicanor.
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4. 此預言只在猶大復歸本地時，有少數「以色列」十支派的人與猶大人一同與神立「約」而部分應驗
(尼 9:38；10:29)。
完全的應驗尚在未來
(耶 31:9； 何 1:11； 亞 12:10)。
哭泣——因超乎一切的盼望而獲復興，喜極而泣；也因記念自己的罪與苦難而悲傷
(拉 3:12, 13； 詩 126:5, 6)。
尋求……耶和華——
(何 3:5)。
Original anglais
4. Fulfilled only in part when some few of the ten tribes of "Israel" joined Judah in a "covenant" with God, at the restoration of Judah to its land
(Ne 9:38; 10:29).
The full event is yet to come
(Jer 31:9; Ho 1:11; Zec 12:10).
weeping--with joy at their restoration beyond all hope; and with sorrow at the remembrance of their sins and sufferings
(Ezr 3:12, 13; Ps 126:5, 6).
seek . . . Lord--
(Ho 3:5).
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5. 往那裏去——宜作「往這裏來」，因耶利米預言的立足點在錫安。「面朝這裏」暗示他們堅定的心志，不因路上的任何困難而偏離。
永遠的約——與他們「破壞」的舊約相對
(耶 31:31
等；耶 32:40)。
他們必先歸向他們的神，然後歸回本地。
Original anglais
5. thitherward--rather, "hitherward," Jeremiah's prophetical standpoint being at Zion. "Faces hitherward" implies their steadfastness of purpose not to be turned aside by any difficulties on the way.
perpetual covenant--in contrast to the old covenant "which they brake"
(Jer 31:31, &c.; Jer 32:40).
They shall return to their God first, then to their own land.
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6.（Isa 53:6）。
在山上——即他們在那裡向偶像獻祭之處（Jer 2:20；3:6、23）。
安歇之處——指「羊」而言，延續此比喻；耶和華是祂羊群的安歇之處（Mt 11:28）。他們安息在祂的「懷中」（Isa 40:11）。此外，祂的聖殿在錫安，也是他們的「安息」，因為那是屬祂的（Ps 132:8、14）。
Original anglais
6.
(Isa 53:6).
on the mountains--whereon they sacrificed to idols
(Jer 2:20; 3:6, 23).
resting-place--for the "sheep," continuing the image; Jehovah is the resting-place of His sheep
(Mt 11:28).
They rest in His "bosom"
(Isa 40:11).
Also His temple at Zion, their "rest," because it is His
(Ps 132:8, 14).
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7. 吞滅——（Ps 79:7）。「遇見他們」暗示他們暴露於任何碰巧遇見他們之人的攻擊之下。
仇敵說——例如尼布撒拉旦（Jer 40:2、3；參 Zec 11:5）。外邦人承認有某種至高的神明。猶太人的罪顯而易見，連外邦人的判斷也定他們為有罪。一些關於神與猶大之特殊關係的認識，藉著眾先知傳到了入侵的外邦人那裡（Jer 2:3；Da 9:16）；因此他們在此論到耶和華時用語頗重，並非因他們自己敬拜祂，而是因相信祂是猶大的護佑之神（「他們列祖所盼望的」，Ps 22:4；他們沒有說我們的盼望），正如當時認為每個國家都有自己的地方神，其權能不過及於其境。
居所——（Ps 90:1；91:1）。暗指帳幕，或如 Eze 34:14 譯作「羊圈」，延續 Jer 50:6 中「羊」的「安歇之處」的比喻。但此處只能作「居所」（Jer 31:23），這也支持*《英文欽定本》*的譯法。
他們列祖的盼望——這一點尤其定猶太人的罪：他們的背道是偏離了那他們列祖曾親身經歷其信實的神。同時，這些「仇敵」在不知不覺中使用了矯正自己觀念的語言。與猶太人「列祖」所立的約，並非如他們的仇敵所以為的，因他們的罪而完全被廢棄；他們列祖的神那裡，仍為他們存留「居所」或避難之所。
Original anglais
7. devoured--
(Ps 79:7).
"Found them" implies that they were exposed to the attacks of those whoever happened to meet them.
adversaries said--for instance, Nebuzara-dan
(Jer 40:2, 3;
compare
Zec 11:5).
The Gentiles acknowledged some supreme divinity. The Jews' guilt was so palpable that they were condemned even in the judgment of heathens. Some knowledge of God's peculiar relation to Judea reached its heathen invaders from the prophets
(Jer 2:3; Da 9:16);
hence the strong language they use of Jehovah here, not as worshippers of Him themselves, but as believing Him to be the tutelary God of Judah ("the hope of their fathers,"
Ps 22:4;
they do not say our hope), as each country was thought to have its local god, whose power extended no farther.
habitation--
(Ps 90:1; 91:1).
Alluding to the tabernacle, or, as in
Eze 34:14,
"fold," which carries out the image in
Jer 50:6,
"resting-place" of the "sheep." But it can only mean "habitation"
(Jer 31:23),
which confirms English Version here.
hope of their fathers--This especially condemned the Jews that their apostasy was from that God whose faithfulness their fathers had experienced. At the same time these "adversaries" unconsciously use language which corrects their own notions. The covenant with the Jews' "fathers" is not utterly set aside by their sin, as their adversaries thought; there is still "a habitation" or refuge for them with the God of their fathers.
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8.（Jer 51:6、45；Isa 48:20；Zec 2:6、7；Re 18:4）。當立即把握逃脫的時機。
如……公山羊在……羊群前——各人當努力作歸回的先鋒，激勵軟弱的人，正如公山羊引領羊群一般；以斯拉的同伴也是如此（Ezr 1:5、6）。
Original anglais
8.
(Jer 51:6, 45; Isa 48:20; Zec 2:6, 7; Re 18:4).
Immediately avail yourselves of the opportunity of escape.
be as . . . he-goats before . . . flocks--Let each try to be foremost in returning, animating the weak, as he-goats lead the flock; such were the companions of Ezra
(Ezr 1:5, 6).
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9. 從那裏——即從北方之地。
精練——字面作「興盛的」。箭要奏效，除了「力量」之外，還需要「技巧」。旁註有不同的希伯來文讀法：「毀滅」，字面作「使人喪子、無後」
(Jer 15:7)。
七十士譯本（Septuagint）與敘利亞譯本支持英文欽定本（English Version）。
徒然——即未殺中所瞄準的目標
(2Sa 1:22)。
Original anglais
9. from thence--that is, from the north country.
expert--literally, "prosperous." Besides "might," "expertness" is needed, that an arrow may do execution. The Margin has a different Hebrew reading; "destroying," literally, "bereaving, childless-making"
(Jer 15:7).
The Septuagint and Syriac support English Version.
In vain--without killing him at whom it was aimed
(2Sa 1:22).
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11.（Isa 47:6）。
發胖——因而歡躍踴跳。
在草場——肥壯活潑。但希伯來文如此讀在性別上有不一致。Keri較好：「踹穀的母牛犢」；最強壯的用來踹穀，而律法不許在踹穀時籠住牠的嘴（De 25:4），故此牠們因吃飽而變得放縱。
如公牛咆哮——更當譯作「如駿馬嘶鳴」，字面作「強壯者」，是駿馬的詩意表達（見 Jer 8:16 註解）〔MAURER〕。
Original anglais
11.
(Isa 47:6).
grown fat--and so, skip wantonly.
at grass--fat and frisky. But there is a disagreement of gender in Hebrew reading thus. The Keri is better: "a heifer threshing"; the strongest were used for threshing, and as the law did not allow their mouth to be muzzled in threshing
(De 25:4),
they waxed wanton with eating.
bellow as bulls--rather, "neigh as steeds," literally, "strong ones," a poetical expression for steeds (see on
Jer 8:16)
[MAURER].
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12. 你們的母親——即巴比倫，這帝國的京城。
末後——奇妙的改變：巴比倫曾是世界的皇后，如今卻成了列國的末後，最終成為「荒場」，不再成為一國！
Original anglais
12. Your mother--Babylon, the metropolis of the empire.
hindermost--marvellous change, that Babylon, once the queen of the world, should be now the hindermost of nations, and at last, becoming "a desert," cease to be a nation!
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13.（Isa 13:20）。
Original anglais
13.
(Isa 13:20).
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14. 召喚瑪代軍隊攻打巴比倫。
向耶和華——因欺壓祂的百姓，他們的事就是祂的事。也因褻瀆祂的聖器
(Da 5:2)。
Original anglais
14. Summons to the Median army to attack Babylon.
against the Lord--By oppressing His people, their cause is His cause. Also by profaning His sacred vessels
(Da 5:2).
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15. 呼喊——以戰呼互相激勵，鼓舞進攻。
交在……手中——一個成語，意為「順服於」征服者
(1Ch 29:24，《邊註》；
La 5:6)。
她怎樣待人也要怎樣待她——以其人之道還治其身的公義報應。她既毀滅了許多人，她自己也必被毀滅
(Ps 137:8)。
屬靈的巴比倫也是如此
(Re 18:6)。
這是對的，因為「這是耶和華的報仇」；但這並不能為個人的同類報復提供正當理由
(Mt 5:44; Ro 12:19-21)；
舊約律法雖然比新約流露出更嚴厲的精神，卻也禁止這事
(Ex 23:4, 5; Pr 25:21, 22)。
Original anglais
15. Shout--Inspirit one another to the onset with the battle cry.
given . . . hand--an idiom for, "submitted to" the conquerors
(1Ch 29:24,
Margin;
La 5:6).
as she hath done, do unto her--just retribution in kind. She had destroyed many, so must she be destroyed
(Ps 137:8).
So as to spiritual Babylon
(Re 18:6).
This is right because "it is the vengeance of the Lord"; but this will not justify private revenge in kind
(Mt 5:44; Ro 12:19-21);
even the Old Testament law forbade this, though breathing a sterner spirit than the New Testament
(Ex 23:4, 5; Pr 25:21, 22).
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16. 巴比倫的大小更像一個國家，而非一個城市。因此城牆內種植的穀物足以維持長期圍困〔ARISTOTLE，《政治學》，3.2；PLINY, 18.17〕。征服者通常會寬待農夫，但此案中所有人都一律要被「剪除」。
因……欺壓的刀劍——因欺壓者的刀劍。
各歸本族——他們原由迦勒底征服者從四方移到巴比倫
(Jer 51:9； Isa 13:14)。
Original anglais
16. Babylon had the extent rather of a nation than of a city. Therefore grain was grown within the city wall sufficient to last for a long siege [ARISTOTLE, Politics, 3.2; PLINY, 18.17]. Conquerors usually spare agriculturists, but in this case all alike were to be "cut off."
for fear of . . . oppressing sword--because of the sword of the oppressor.
every one to his people--from which they had been removed to Babylon from all quarters by the Chaldean conquerors
(Jer 51:9; Isa 13:14).
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17. 獅子*——指與猶大為敵的君王
(Jer 4:7; 49:19)。
亞述——
(2Ki 17:6，
撒縵以色；
Ezr 4:2，
以撒哈頓)。
尼布甲尼撒——
(2Ki 24:10, 14)。
Original anglais
17. lions--hostile kings
(Jer 4:7; 49:19).
Assyria--
(2Ki 17:6,
Shalmaneser;
Ezr 4:2,
Esar-haddon).
Nebuchadnezzar--
(2Ki 24:10, 14).
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18. 刑罰……巴比倫王——即拿波尼度（Nabonidus），或作 Labynitus。
如……刑罰了……亞述人——西拿基立及其他君王 [GROTIUS]（王下十九37）。
Original anglais
18. punish . . . king of Babylon--Nabonidus, or Labynitus.
as . . . punished . . . Assyrian--Sennacherib and other kings [GROTIUS]
(2Ki 19:37).
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19.
(Isa 65:10; Eze 34:13, 14)。
Original anglais
19.
(Isa 65:10; Eze 34:13, 14).
20
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20. 提到「以色列」以及猶大，表明這話是指將來的時候。
罪孽……無——不僅僅是偶像崇拜——這在巴比倫被擄之後已在猶太人中絕跡——而主要是他們棄絕彌賽亞。正如一筆已註銷的債，這事將如同從未有過一般；神為基督的緣故，要待他們如同無罪的
(Jer 31:34)。
若不除掉罪，免罰就既不榮耀神，也不符合選民最高的益處。
我所留下的——指蒙揀選的「餘民」
(Isa 1:9)。
「剩下的」
(Zec 14:2; 13:8, 9)。
Original anglais
20. The specification of "Israel," as well as Judah, shows the reference is to times yet to come.
iniquity . . . none--not merely idolatry, which ceased among the Jews ever since the Babylonian captivity, but chiefly their rejection of Messiah. As in a cancelled debt, it shall be as if it had never been; God, for Christ's sake, shall treat them as innocent
(Jer 31:34).
Without cleansing away of sin, remission of punishment would be neither to the honor of God nor to the highest interests of the elect.
whom I reserve--the elect "remnant"
(Isa 1:9).
The "residue"
(Zec 14:2; 13:8, 9).
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21. 米拉大勉*——巴比倫的象徵性名字，意為「雙重叛逆」，即對神的叛逆。參
Jer 50:24，
「你與耶和華爭競」；以及
Jer 50:29，
「向耶和華擅自驕傲」。「雙重」指：第一是亞述人欺壓以色列；其次是同族的迦勒底人欺壓猶大（參
Jer 50:17-20, 33；
特別是
Jer 50:18)。
比割—— (Eze 23:23)；
亞述的一個主要省份，如今已被傾覆的尼尼微曾位於其中。但正如在米拉大勉一樣，此處暗指比割的含義，即「追討」；其居民受罰的時候到了；但也不無提及如今屬巴比倫的省份比割。對巴比倫的追討是對亞述追討的延續。
在他們後面——甚至他們的後裔，以及巴比倫所剩的一切，直到那名字完全消滅
[GROTIUS]。
在居民棄城之後，再徹底毀滅那城。
一切……我……所吩咐的——藉以賽亞
(Isa 13:1
等)。
Original anglais
21. Merathaim--a symbolical name for Babylon, the doubly rebellious, namely, against God. Compare
Jer 50:24,
"thou hast striven against the Lord"; and
Jer 50:29,
"proud against the Lord." The "doubly" refers to: first, the Assyrian's oppression of Israel; next, the kindred Chaldean's oppression of Judah (compare
Jer 50:17-20, 33;
especially
Jer 50:18).
Pekod--
(Eze 23:23);
a chief province of Assyria, in which Nineveh, now overthrown, once lay. But, as in Merathaim, the allusion is to the meaning of Pekod, namely, "visitation"; the inhabitants whose time of deserved visitation in punishment is come; not, however, without reference to the now Babylonian province, Pekod. The visitation on Babylon was a following up of that on Assyria.
after them--even their posterity, and all that is still left of Babylon, until the very name is extinct [GROTIUS]. Devastate the city, after its inhabitants have deserted it.
all . . . I . . . commanded--by Isaiah
(Isa 13:1,
&c.).
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23. 錘子——即巴比倫，因其沉重的毀滅之力而被如此稱呼；正如「馬特爾」，即「小錘」，是法蘭克一位王的姓氏
(Isa 14:6)。
Original anglais
23. hammer--that is, Babylon, so called because of its ponderous destructive power; just as "Martel," that is, "a little hammer," was the surname of a king of the Franks
(Isa 14:6).
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24. 我——你所面對的是神，不單是人。
捉拿……不防備——希羅多德記載，城的一半被攻取之時，另一半的人還「不防備」。居魯土將以芙瑞特河有防禦處的水引入別的河道，竝在夜間藉着乾涸的河床從上下兩門進城
(Da 5:30, 31)。
Original anglais
24. I--Thou hast to do with God, not merely with men.
taken . . . not aware--HERODOTUS relates that one half of the city was taken before those in the other half were "aware" of it. Cyrus turned the waters of the Euphrates where it was defended into a different channel, and so entered the city by the dried-up channel at night, by the upper and lower gates
(Da 5:30, 31).
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25. 他惱恨的兵器——即瑪代人和波斯人
（賽十三5）。
Original anglais
25. weapons of his indignation--the Medes and Persians
(Isa 13:5).
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繁體中文
26. 從極遠的邊界——即地的邊界。或作從四面八方 [LUDOVICUS DE DIEU]。
倉庫——或作「她那裝滿人和貨物的房屋」[MICHAELIS]。
居魯士攻取此城時，所發現的糧食足供多年之用。
成堆——使這曾經榮耀的城成為廢墟堆。如今巨大的碎石堆標示著古巴比倫的所在。「將她踹如禾場上常被踹下的穀堆」[GROTIUS]。
Original anglais
26. from the utmost border--namely, of the earth. Or, from all sides [LUDOVICUS DE DIEU].
storehouses--or, "her houses filled with men and goods" [MICHAELIS]. When Cyrus took it, the provisions found there were enough to have lasted for many years.
as heaps--make of the once glorious city heaps of ruins. Vast mounds of rubbish now mark the site of ancient Babylon. "Tread her as heaps of corn which are wont to be trodden down in the threshing-floor" [GROTIUS].
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27. 公牛——即君王和強壯的戰士
（耶四十六21；詩二十二12；賽三十四7）。
下到……宰殺之地——屠宰場位於河邊低處；故說「下」；適用於位於幼發拉底河畔的巴比倫——這是屠殺者進城的通道。
Original anglais
27. bullocks--that is, princes and strong warriors
(Jer 46:21; Ps 22:12; Isa 34:7).
go down to . . . slaughter--The slaughterhouses lay low beside the river; therefore it is said, "go down"; appropriate to Babylon on the Euphrates, the avenue through which the slaughterers entered the city.
28
Sans titre
繁體中文
28. 在錫安……聖殿宣告——巴比倫傾覆時，一些「逃離」的猶太人將在猶大宣告神如何為錫安和她那曾被褻瀆的聖殿報仇
（耶五十二13；但一2，五2）。
Original anglais
28. declare in Zion . . . temple--Some Jews "fleeing" from Babylon at its fall shall tell in Judea how God avenged the cause of Zion and her temple that had been profaned
(Jer 52:13; Da 1:2; 5:2).
29
Sans titre
繁體中文
29. 弓箭手——直譯「極多且有力」；故此希伯來文詞用於弓箭手
（伯十六13），
因其箭多且猛。
照她一切所行的——（參耶五十15註釋）。
向耶和華逞驕傲——不僅對人殘忍
（賽四十七10）。
Original anglais
29. archers--literally, "very many and powerful"; hence the Hebrew word is used of archers
(Job 16:13)
from the multitude and force of their arrows.
according to all that she hath done--(See on
Jer 50:15).
proud against the Lord--not merely cruel towards men
(Isa 47:10).
30
Sans titre
繁體中文
30.（參耶四十九26註釋）。
在街上——巴比倫人因連敗數陣而士氣低落，退守城內，不再出城迎戰居魯士。
Original anglais
30. (See on
Jer 49:26).
in the streets--The Babylonians were so discouraged by having lost some battles that they retired within their walls and would not again meet Cyrus in the field.
31
Sans titre
繁體中文
31. 驕傲的——直譯「驕傲」；即驕傲之人；巴比倫王。
追討——刑罰
（耶五十27）。
Original anglais
31. most proud--literally, "pride"; that is, man of pride; the king of Babylon.
visit--punish
(Jer 50:27).
33
Sans titre
繁體中文
33. 以色列和……猶大都受壓迫——他預先提出一個反對意見，以便回答：你們無疑「受過壓迫」，因此對得救感到絕望；但要記住你們的「救贖主大有能力」，因此能也必拯救你們。
Original anglais
33. Israel and . . . Judah were oppressed--He anticipates an objection, in order to answer it: Ye have been, no doubt, "oppressed," therefore ye despair of deliverance; but, remember your "Redeemer is strong," and therefore can and will deliver you.
34
Sans titre
繁體中文
34. 大有能力——與以色列欺壓者的勢力相對
（啟十八8）。
辯明……冤屈——作他們的辯護者。取自法庭的意象；合宜，因神不是僅靠大能拯救祂的百姓，而是靠公義。祂對撒但和一切仇敵的辯護，是祂自己永遠的愛——在救贖者的作為和身位中調和了憐憫與公義
（彌七9；亞三1-5；約壹二1）。
使……安息……擾亂——兩個希伯來文動詞的發音相似構成雙關，更生動地表達對比：「使猶大地（素來被巴比倫擾亂）得安息；卻使巴比倫的居民（素來安穩）受擾亂」
（賽十四6-8）。
Original anglais
34. strong--as opposed to the power of Israel's oppressor
(Re 18:8).
plead . . . cause--as their advocate. Image from a court of justice; appropriate as God delivers His people not by mere might, but by righteousness. His plea against Satan and all their enemies is His own everlasting love, reconciling mercy and justice in the Redeemer's work and person
(Mic 7:9; Zec 3:1-5; 1Jo 2:1).
give rest . . . disquiet--There is a play on the similarity of sounds in the two Hebrew verbs to express more vividly the contrast: "that He may give quiet to the land of Judah (heretofore disquieted by Babylon); but disquiet to the inhabitants of Babylon" (heretofore quietly secure)
(Isa 14:6-8).
35
Sans titre
繁體中文
35-37. 每節開頭重複「刀劍」一詞，藉首語重複法加深效果；重申的審判是普世性的；同樣悲哀的刀劍之擊臨到與有罪的巴比倫相連的每一個人。
智慧人——
（賽四十七13）。
巴比倫自誇為智慧和智者的特殊所在，尤其是在天文和占星方面。
Original anglais
35-37. The repetition of "A sword" in the beginning of each verse, by the figure anaphora, heightens the effect; the reiterated judgment is universal; the same sad stroke of the sword is upon each and all connected with guilty Babylon.
wise men--
(Isa 47:13).
Babylon boasted that it was the peculiar seat of wisdom and wise men, especially in astronomy and astrology.
36
Sans titre
繁體中文
36. 說謊的——那些他從前稱為「智慧人」的，他此處稱之為「說謊的」（騙子），即占星家（比較
Isa 44:25； Ro 1:21-25； 1Co 1:20)。
Original anglais
36. liars--Those whom he before termed "wise men," he here calls "liars" (impostors), namely, the astrologers (compare
Isa 44:25; Ro 1:21-25; 1Co 1:20).
37
Sans titre
繁體中文
37. 如婦女——盡失一切男子氣概
（鴻三13）。
Original anglais
37. as women--divested of all manliness
(Na 3:13).
38
Sans titre
繁體中文
38. 乾旱——若改變標音，本節將像前三節那樣以「刀劍」開頭。然而所有標音的抄本都讀作「乾旱」，如英文版那樣。居魯土將以芙瑞特河的水引入新河道，竝從乾涸的河床進城
(Jer 51:32)。
巴比倫從前以穀物聞名，產量常達一百到二百倍 [HERODOTUS]。這是因為以芙瑞特河有縱橫交錯的灌溉水道，[LAYARD] 如今四圍仍可見其痕跡，卻已乾涸荒涼
(Isa 44:27)。
牠們的偶像——直譯為「恐懼」。牠們瘋狂追逐的偶像，與其說能吸引人，不如說更能驚嚇人
(Jer 51:44, 47, 52； Da 3:1)。
不過是用來嚇唬孩童的怪物。
Original anglais
38. drought--Altering the pointing, this verse will begin as the three previous verses, "A sword." However, all the pointed manuscripts read, "A drought," as English Version. Cyrus turned off the waters of the Euphrates into a new channel and so marched through the dried-up bed into the city
(Jer 51:32).
Babylonia once was famed for its corn, which often yielded from one to two hundredfold [HERODOTUS]. This was due to its network of water-courses from the Euphrates for irrigation, traces of which [LAYARD] are seen still on all sides, but dry and barren
(Isa 44:27).
their idols--literally, "terrors." They are mad after idols that are more calculated to frighten than to attract
(Jer 51:44, 47, 52; Da 3:1).
Mere bugbears with which to frighten children.
39
Sans titre
繁體中文
39. 曠野的走獸——野貓，以牠的嚎叫著稱 [BOCHART]。
島上的野獸——胡狼（參見
Isa 13:21）。
貓頭鷹——當作「雌鴕鳥」；牠們喜居荒涼孤寂之地。直譯為「哭泣的女兒」。關於屬靈的巴比倫，比較
Re 18:2。
永無人居住——話語的累積是為表達巴比倫最終竝徹底的消滅；這不是立刻應驗，而是逐步應驗；居魯土取去了牠的首位。大流士·希斯塔斯普在牠叛亂之後，拆毀了牠的防禦工事。西流基·尼卡托將牠的居民和財富遷到他在鄰近所建的西流基城；帕提亞人將所剩的一切遷到提西豐。到羅馬皇帝哈德良年間，只剩下城牆。
Original anglais
39. wild beasts of the desert--wild cats, remarkable for their howl [BOCHART].
wild beasts of the islands--jackals (See on
Isa 13:21).
owls--rather, "female ostriches"; they delight in solitary places. Literally, "daughters of crying." Compare as to spiritual Babylon,
Re 18:2.
no more inhabited for ever--The accumulation of phrases is to express the final and utter extinction of Babylon; fulfilled not immediately, but by degrees; Cyrus took away its supremacy. Darius Hystaspes deprived it, when it had rebelled, of its fortifications. Seleucus Nicanor removed its citizens and wealth to Seleucia, which he founded in the neighborhood; and the Parthians removed all that was left to Ctesiphon. Nothing but its walls was left under the Roman emperor Adrian.
40
Sans titre
繁體中文
40.
（賽十三19）。
重複自耶四十九18。
Original anglais
40.
(Isa 13:19).
Repeated from
Jer 49:18.
41
Sans titre
繁體中文
41-43.（比較
Jer 6:22-24。）
用來描述巴比倫加諸錫安之災禍的話，正是此處用來描述瑪代加諸巴比倫之災禍的話。同類的報應。
各族——瑪代波斯帝國各省的盟友和總督：亞美尼亞、赫卡尼亞、呂底亞等等。
邊界——遙遠的地方。
Original anglais
41-43. (Compare
Jer 6:22-24).
The very language used to describe the calamities which Babylon inflicted on Zion is that here employed to describe Babylon's own calamity inflicted by the Medes. Retribution in kind.
kinds--the allies and satraps of the various provinces of the Medo-Persian empire: Armenia, Hyrcania, Lydia, &c.
coasts--the remote parts.
42
Sans titre
繁體中文
42. 殘忍——波斯人的性情，甚至是居魯土的性情，雖然他願意被認為寬宏大量
(Isa 13:18)。
如一人——牠們的「陣容」如此整齊劃一，以致全軍如同一人般進入戰場 [GROTIUS]。
Original anglais
42. cruel--the character of the Persians, and even of Cyrus, notwithstanding his wish to be thought magnanimous
(Isa 13:18).
like a man--So orderly and united is their "array," that the whole army moves to battle as one man [GROTIUS].
43
Sans titre
繁體中文
43. 手都發軟——沒有嘗試抵抗；隨即被征服，如希羅多德所告訴我們的。
Original anglais
43. hands waxed feeble--attempted no resistance; immediately was overcome, as HERODOTUS tells us.
44
Sans titre
繁體中文
44-46. 主要重複自
Jer 49:19-21。
神對待以東和對待巴比倫所採用的原則相同，這一點因兩者的用語相似而暗示出來。
Original anglais
44-46. Repeated mainly from
Jer 49:19-21.
The identity of God's principle in His dealing with Edom, and in that with Babylon, is implied by the similarity of language as to both.
46
Sans titre
繁體中文
46. 在列國中……呼聲——以東的情形是「呼喊之聲在紅海那裏被聽見」。這改變暗示巴比倫傾覆的響聲所傳到的範圍更廣。
Original anglais
46. cry . . . among the nations--In Edom's case it is, "at the cry the noise thereof was heard in the Red Sea." The change implies the wider extent to which the crash of Babylon's downfall shall be heard.
Jer 50:1-46.
巴比倫將臨的傾覆；以色列的救贖
在關乎其他列國將受巴比倫所施審判的預言之後，緊接著便是反對巴比倫本身的預言——這是最長的預言，共一百節。發出的日期為西底家第四年，當時受託傳遞此預言的西萊雅被差往巴比倫
（Jer 51:59, 60）。
其中的重複使人認為它由不同時期所發的預言組成，如今由耶利米收集，以安慰被擄的猶太人，並藉著展示神的百姓之仇敵巴比倫在長久繁榮之後最終的結局，來證明神作為的公義。其文體、意象與對話都證明其真實性，以反對那些否認此點的人。這也顯明了他的忠心：他雖對巴比倫王有義務，對神卻有更高的義務，是神指示他說預言反對巴比倫。
1. 比較
Isa 45:1-47:15。
但隨著應驗的時刻臨近，如今的預言也比當時更為清晰。