Commentaire par chapitre
Job Chapitre 21
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简体中文
Original anglais
SECOND SERIES.
Job 21:1-34.
JOB'S ANSWER.
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简体中文
2. 安慰（consolations）——你们若肯静听我，这就可算为“安慰”；这是暗指以利法所夸耀的“安慰”（伯15:11），约伯却觉得那更像是加重痛苦的“嗤笑”（伯21:3），而非安慰（伯16:2）。
Original anglais
2. consolations--If you will listen calmly to me, this will be regarded as "consolations"; alluding to Eliphaz' boasted "consolations"
(Job 15:11),
which Job felt more as aggravations ("mockings,"
Job 21:3)
than consolations
(Job 16:2).
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简体中文
3. 原文作：“开始你们的戏笑吧”（伯17:2）。
Original anglais
3. literally, "Begin your mockings"
(Job 17:2).
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4. 约伯的难处不在于人，而在于神——为何祂这样苦待他，仿佛他就是朋友们所指控的那个有罪的假冒为善者。武加大译本（Vulgate）译作“我的辩论”。
若是（if it were）——更当译作“既然如此”。
Original anglais
4. Job's difficulty was not as to man, but as to God, why He so afflicted him, as if he were the guilty hypocrite which the friends alleged him to be. Vulgate translates it, "my disputation."
if it were--rather, "since this is the case."
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5. 把手放在口上（lay . . . hand upon . . . mouth）——（箴30:32；士18:19）。异教静默之神的像也是用手捂口的形象。约伯的事例足以使他们敬畏得默然无声（伯17:8）。
Original anglais
5. lay . . . hand upon . . . mouth--
(Pr 30:32; Jud 18:19).
So the heathen god of silence was pictured with his hand on his mouth. There was enough in Job's case to awe them into silence
(Job 17:8).
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6. 思想（remember）——即细细思量。我所争斗的不是人，而是全能者，你们能怪我发出怨言吗？若能，请调和无辜者无休止的苦难与神的公义！这岂不足以叫人战兢吗？[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]。
Original anglais
6. remember--Think on it. Can you wonder that I broke out into complaints, when the struggle was not with men, but with the Almighty? Reconcile, if you can, the ceaseless woes of the innocent with the divine justice! Is it not enough to make one tremble? [UMBREIT].
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7. 答案在罗2:4；提前1:16；诗73:18；传8:11-13；路2:35至末；箴16:4；罗9:22。
年老（old）——与朋友们所主张的“罪人早早被剪除”（伯8:12、14）相对。
Original anglais
7. The answer is
Ro 2:4; 1Ti 1:16; Ps 73:18; Ec 8:11-13; Lu 2:35-end; Pr 16:4; Ro 9:22.
old--in opposition to the friends who asserted that sinners are "cut off" early
(Job 8:12, 14).
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8. 与伯18:19、5:4相对。
Original anglais
8. In opposition to
Job 18:19; 5:4.
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9. 原文作：“平安脱离惧怕”；诗意有力。他们的家就是平安本身，远离惧怕。与朋友们对恶人的断言（伯15:21-24；20:26-28）相反；反之，对义人则如此（伯5:23、24）。
Original anglais
9. Literally, "peace from fear"; with poetic force. Their house is peace itself, far removed from fear. Opposed to the friends' assertion, as to the bad
(Job 15:21-24; 20:26-28),
and conversely, the good
(Job 5:23, 24).
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10. 更当译作：“他们的牛怀孕”。本节第一句描述轻易的受孕，第二句描述顺利的生产[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]。
Original anglais
10. Rather, "their cattle conceive." The first clause of the verse describes an easy conception, the second, a happy birth [UMBREIT].
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11. 放出（send forth）——即放到户外，让他们在天空下作快乐的游戏，如同快乐的羊群被送到草场。
小孩子（little ones）——如小羊羔。
孩童（children）——比前者稍长。
跳舞（dance）——不是正式的舞蹈；而是如羊羔般在欢乐健康的嬉戏中跳跃。
Original anglais
11. send forth--namely, out of doors, to their happy sports under the skies, like a joyful flock sent to the pastures.
little ones--like lambkins.
children--somewhat older than the former.
dance--not formal dances; but skip, like lambs, in joyous and healthful play.
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12. 拿（take）——更当译作“随着……的音调扬起声音”（歌唱）[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]。
鼓（timbrel）——更当译作“铃鼓”。
琴（organ）——不是现代的“风琴”，而是“箫”（创4:21）。第一句指弦乐器，后一句指管乐器；如此连同“声音”，便列举了各种音乐。
Original anglais
12. take--rather, "lift up the voice" (sing) to the note of [UMBREIT].
timbrel--rather, "tambourine."
organ--not the modern "organ," but the "pipe"
(Ge 4:21).
The first clause refers to stringed, the latter, to wind instruments; thus, with "the voice" all kinds of music are enumerated.
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13. wealth——英文译本作“兴盛”的旧译。
in a moment——非因绵延之症。大福啊!长寿而兴盛,并骤然无苦之死
(Ps 73:4)。
Original anglais
13. wealth--Old English Version for "prosperity."
in a moment--not by a lingering disease. Great blessings! Lengthened life with prosperity, and a sudden painless death
(Ps 73:4).
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14. Therefore——更宜译作:“然而他们这些人却说”等等,即不是明说,而是他们的行为实际上在这样说(如加大拉人,
Mt 8:34)。
虔敬者何其不同
(Isa 2:3)。
ways——神所指出的行为之路;如
Ps 50:23,
旁注。
Original anglais
14. Therefore--rather, "And yet they are such as say," &c., that is, say, not in so many words, but virtually, by their conduct (so the Gergesenes,
Mt 8:34).
How differently the godly
(Isa 2:3).
ways--The course of action, which God points out; as in
Ps 50:23,
Margin.
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15. (参
Jer 2:20; Pr 30:9,
旁注,
Ex 5:2)。
what profit——见
(Job 35:3; Mal 3:14; Ps 73:13)。
罪人所问的不是什么是对的,而是什么是利己的。他们忘了:“宗教若使己有所付,缺少宗教却要使己付上无限更多。”
Original anglais
15. (Compare
Jer 2:20; Pr 30:9,
Margin,
Ex 5:2).
what profit--
(Job 35:3; Mal 3:14; Ps 73:13).
Sinners ask, not what is right, but what is for the profit of self. They forget, "If religion cost self something, the want of it will cost self infinitely more."
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16. not in their hand——而是在神手中。这是约伯的难处:罪人的兴盛(福)既在神手中,神为何任凭他们拥有。
is——更宜作:“愿恶人的计谋远离我!”[UMBREIT]。这自然紧随首句之情:让我不被人以为因着他们兴旺就以别的眼光、而非以恐怖看恶人之道。
Original anglais
16. not in their hand--but in the hand of God. This is Job's difficulty, that God who has sinners prosperity (good) in His hand should allow them to have it.
is--rather, "may the counsel of the wicked be far from me!" [UMBREIT]. This naturally follows the sentiment of the first clause: Let me not hereby be thought to regard with aught but horror the ways of the wicked, however prosperous.
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17. 约伯在这一整段——直到\n Job 21:21——是引用三友关于罪人兴旺不能长久的论断,不是他自己的看法。在\n Job 21:22
他开始反驳他们。“灯何等常常”等等,引用比勒达的见解\n (Job 18:5, 6),
以质疑其真实性(参\n Mt 25:8)。
how oft——“神分配”等等(暗指\n Job 20:23, 29)。
sorrows——UMBREIT 译作“网罗”,字面作“绳索”,闪电的纽结状与之相似\n (Ps 11:6)。
Original anglais
17. Job in this whole passage down to
Job 21:21
quotes the assertion of the friends, as to the short continuance of the sinner's prosperity, not his own sentiments. In
Job 21:22
he proceeds to refute them. "How oft is the candle" (lamp), &c., quoting Bildad's sentiment
(Job 18:5, 6),
in order to question its truth (compare
Mt 25:8).
how oft--"God distributeth," &c. (alluding to
Job 20:23, 29).
sorrows--UMBREIT translates "snares," literally, "cords," which lightning in its twining motion resembles
(Ps 11:6).
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18. 约伯暗指比勒达类似的话\n (Job 18:18),
采用他自己先前的话\n (Job 13:25)。
Original anglais
18. Job alludes to a like sentiment of Bildad
(Job 18:18),
using his own previous words
(Job 13:25).
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简体中文
19. 三友的另一个同样可质疑的论断:若不虔者本人未受罚,儿女也必受罚\n (Job 18:19; 20:10);
而且神在此世报应他的罪孽,他必知道——且是出于代价的知道。如“知道”\n (Ho 9:7)。
Original anglais
19. Equally questionable is the friends' assertion that if the godless himself is not punished, the children are
(Job 18:19; 20:10);
and that God rewardeth him here for his iniquity, and that he shall know it to his cost. So "know"
(Ho 9:7).
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20. 三友另一个可质疑的论断:罪人在有生之年看见自己与儿女的毁灭。
drink——见\n (Ps 11:6; Isa 51:17; La 4:21)。
Original anglais
20. Another questionable assertion of the friends, that the sinner sees his own and his children's destruction in his lifetime.
drink--
(Ps 11:6; Isa 51:17; La 4:21).
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21. 三友为\n Job 21:20
作证的论据:他既已死(“他身后”,\n Ec 3:22),
他的家(儿女)于他有何乐趣?
when the number等——或更宜作:“他与他的儿女有什么相干?”等等(如希伯来文在\n Ec 3:1; 8:6)。
故此,“他的眼必见他自己与他们的毁灭”乃是必要的(见\n Job 14:21)。
cut off——更宜作:当他所定的月数满足\n (Job 14:5)。
源出阿拉伯语词“箭”,箭曾用以拈阄。故“箭”——不可避免之命运[UMBREIT]。
Original anglais
21. The argument of the friends, in proof of
Job 21:20,
What pleasure can he have from his house (children) when he is dead--("after him,"
Ec 3:22).
when the number, &c.--Or, rather, "What hath he to do with his children?" &c. (so the Hebrew in
Ec 3:1; 8:6).
It is therefore necessary that "his eyes should see his and their destruction" (see
Job 14:21).
cut off--rather, when the number of his allotted months is fulfilled
(Job 14:5).
From an Arabic word, "arrow," which was used to draw lots with. Hence "arrow"--inevitable destiny [UMBREIT].
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22. 约伯答复:“在这一切断言中,你们试图教导神他当如何对待人,而不证明他事实上如此对待他们。经历与你们相反。神随己意赐下兴旺与祸患,不是照人的智慧所以为的那样,其原则对我们深不可测”\n (Isa 40:13; Ro 11:34)。
those . . . high——高者,不仅指天使,也指人\n (Isa 2:12-17)。
Original anglais
22. Reply of Job, "In all these assertions you try to teach God how He ought to deal with men, rather than prove that He does in fact so deal with them. Experience is against you. God gives prosperity and adversity as it pleases Him, not as man's wisdom would have it, on principles inscrutable to us"
(Isa 40:13; Ro 11:34).
those . . . high--the high ones, not only angels, but men
(Isa 2:12-17).
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23. 字面作:“在他完全之骨中”,即未受损之兴旺的全备力量[UMBREIT]。
Original anglais
23. Literally, "in the bone of his perfection," that is, the full strength of unimpaired prosperity [UMBREIT].
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24. breasts——更宜作:“皮袋”或盛流体的“器皿”[LEE]。但[UMBREIT]作:“他的畜群在水边的站口或歇息处”;与琐法\n (Job 20:17)
相反;首句指他丰盛的财物,第二句指他旺盛的健康。
moistened——将人的身体比作饱得滋润的田地\n (Pr 3:8; Isa 58:11)。
Original anglais
24. breasts--rather, "skins," or "vessels" for fluids [LEE]. But [UMBREIT] "stations or resting-places of his herds near water"; in opposition to Zophar
(Job 20:17);
the first clause refers to his abundant substance, the second to his vigorous health.
moistened--comparing man's body to a well-watered field
(Pr 3:8; Isa 58:11).
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26.
(Ec 9:2)。
Original anglais
26.
(Ec 9:2).
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27. 他们对约伯不当的想法,由约伯在\n Job 21:28
陈述。他们不诚实地点名约伯,而是暗示他的罪。
Original anglais
27. Their wrongful thoughts against Job are stated by him in
Job 21:28.
They do not honestly name Job, but insinuate his guilt.
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28. ye say——指琐法
(Job 20:7)。
the house——指约伯长子的房屋倒塌
(Job 1:19),
以及他的全家覆灭。
prince——第二句对应的“恶人”一语,要求此字取贬义,即暴君、欺压者
(Isa 13:2),
同一个希伯来文字作“贵族”——即欺压者。
dwelling-places——更宜作:“帐幕”,即容纳许多住所的大帐,像约伯这样有许多随从的大族长才会拥有。
Original anglais
28. ye say--referring to Zophar
(Job 20:7).
the house--referring to the fall of the house of Job's oldest son
(Job 1:19)
and the destruction of his family.
prince--The parallel "wicked" in the second clause requires this to be taken in a bad sense, tyrant, oppressor
(Isa 13:2),
the same Hebrew, "nobles"--oppressors.
dwelling-places--rather, "pavilions," a tent containing many dwellings, such as a great emir, like Job, with many dependents, would have.
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29. 约伯见朋友们既以他的灾祸证明他有罪,就不肯承认他为公正的判官,于是求他们去问那些旅行的人
(La 1:12)——
他们有由观察所得的经验,又与他毫无瓜葛。约伯以此反驳比勒达
(Job 8:8)
和琐法
(Job 20:4)。
tokens——更宜作:“提示”(例如铭文、箴言,表明他们观察的结果),即见证。字面作“记号”或证据,用以印证所说的话
(Isa 7:11)。
Original anglais
29. Job, seeing that the friends will not admit him as an impartial judge, as they consider his calamities prove his guilt, begs them to ask the opinion of travellers
(La 1:12),
who have the experience drawn from observation, and who are no way connected with him. Job opposes this to Bildad
(Job 8:8)
and Zophar
(Job 20:4).
tokens--rather, "intimations" (for example, inscriptions, proverbs, signifying the results of their observation), testimony. Literally, "signs" or proofs in confirmation of the word spoken
(Isa 7:11).
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30. 他们所作的见证(或指那些曾造访亚伯拉罕——当时仍享受启示之人——所居之地的人)是:“恶人在(现今)毁灭之日被存留(保留),(留待将来)。”希伯来文不如[UMBREIT]“在毁灭之日”那样贴切。约伯并不否认罪人将来受罚,而是否认他们在今生受罚。他们的“好处”现今就有。到将来,他们与敬虔之人的命运必互换
(Lu 16:25)。
约伯借着圣灵,常常说出能解开他自己当下所困之难题的真理。只是他的苦难多半使他的信心昏暗,否则他本可从自己的话中看见答案。这也回答了那个反对意见:他若在
Job 19:25
知道复活,并在
(Job 21:30)
知道将来的报应,为何不在别处从中推论(他确未如此)?然而神的公义治理也需要在今生得以辩护,故圣灵使论辩主要围绕今生展开,同时让人瞥见将来更完全的辩明。
brought forth——并非如 UMBREIT 所言的“平安带过”或“逃脱”(指今生)。
wrath——字面作“怒气们”,即多重而猛烈的怒气。
Original anglais
30. Their testimony (referring perhaps to those who had visited the region where Abraham who enjoyed a revelation then lived) is that "the wicked is (now) spared (reserved) against the day of destruction (hereafter)." The Hebrew does not so well agree with [UMBREIT] "in the day of destruction." Job does not deny sinners' future punishment, but their punishment in this life. They have their "good things" now. Hereafter, their lot, and that of the godly, shall be reversed
(Lu 16:25).
Job, by the Spirit, often utters truths which solve the difficulty under which he labored. His afflictions mostly clouded his faith, else he would have seen the solution furnished by his own words. This answers the objection, that if he knew of the resurrection in
Job 19:25,
and future retribution
(Job 21:30),
why did he not draw his reasonings elsewhere from them, which he did not? God's righteous government, however, needs to be vindicated as to this life also, and therefore the Holy Ghost has caused the argument mainly to turn on it at the same time giving glimpses of a future fuller vindication of God's ways.
brought forth--not "carried away safe" or "escape" (referring to this life), as UMBREIT has it.
wrath--literally, "wraths," that is, multiplied and fierce wrath.
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31. 即谁敢当众指控他的恶行?我说的是在今生。我承认
(Job 21:30),
他将来必受“报应”。
Original anglais
31. That is, who dares to charge him openly with his bad ways? namely, in this present life. He shall, I grant
(Job 21:30),
be "repaid" hereafter.
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简体中文
32. Yet——更宜作:“并且”。
brought——以隆重的仪仗护送
(Ps 45:15)。
grave——字面作“坟墓们”;即众墓所在之处。
remain in——更宜作:守在墓上,或坟堆之上。即便死后,他似乎仍活着、仍看守(即其“记念”借墓上的纪念碑得以保存)。以此反驳比勒达
(Job 18:17)。
Original anglais
32. Yet--rather, "and."
brought--with solemn pomp
(Ps 45:15).
grave--literally, "graves"; that is, the place where the graves are.
remain in--rather, watch on the tomb, or sepulchral mound. Even after death he seems still to live and watch (that is, have his "remembrance" preserved) by means of the monument over the grave. In opposition to Bildad
(Job 18:17).
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简体中文
33. 如古典名言所说:“泥土在他身上轻如鸿毛。”他的安息必“甘甜”。
draw——跟随。他与众人同得一份,不比他们更糟
(Heb 9:27)。
UMBREIT 的译法欠佳(因为这并非对“每一个人”都成立):“多数人随从他行恶的步履,在他之前已有无数这样的人。”
Original anglais
33. As the classic saying has it, "The earth is light upon him." His repose shall be "sweet."
draw--follow. He shall share the common lot of mortals; no worse off than they
(Heb 9:27).
UMBREIT not so well (for it is not true of "every man"). "Most men follow in his bad steps, as countless such preceded him."
34
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简体中文
34. falsehood——字面作“过犯”。你们所夸的“安慰”
(Job 15:11)
被事实所反驳(故为“虚妄”);因此只暴露了你们对我不怀好意的恶念(“恶毒”)。
Original anglais
34. falsehood--literally, "transgression." Your boasted "consolations"
(Job 15:11)
are contradicted by facts ("vain"); they therefore only betray your evil intent ("wickedness") against me.
第二轮。
伯21:1-34。
约伯的答复