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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
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Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
Amos Capitolo 2 1 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Amos Capitolo 2 2 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
2. Kirioth--the chief city of Moab, called also Kir-Moab
(Isa 15:1).
The form is plural here, as including both the acropolis and town itself (see
Jer 48:24, 41,
Margin).
die with tumult--that is, amid the tumult of battle
(Ho 10:14).
Amos Capitolo 2 3 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
3. the judge--the chief magistrate, the supreme source of justice. "King" not being used, it seems likely a change of government had before this time substituted for kings, supreme judges.
Amos Capitolo 2 4 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
4. From foreign kingdoms he passes to Judah and Israel, lest it should be said, he was strenuous in denouncing sins abroad, but connived at those of his own nation. Judah's guilt differs from that of all the others, in that it was directly against God, not merely against man. Also because Judah's sin was wilful and wittingly against light and knowledge.
law--the Mosaic code in general.
commandments--or statutes, the ceremonies and civil laws.
their lies--their lying idols
(Ps 40:4; Jer 16:19),
from which they drew false hopes. The order is to be observed. The Jews first cast off the divine law, then fall into lying errors; God thus visiting them with a righteous retribution
(Ro 1:25, 26, 28; 2Th 2:11, 12).
The pretext of a good intention is hereby refuted: the "lies" that mislead them are "their (own) lies" [CALVIN].
after . . . which their fathers . . . walked--We are not to follow the fathers in error, but must follow the word of God alone. It was an aggravation of the Jews' sin that it was not confined to preceding generations; the sins of the sons rivalled those of their fathers
(Mt 23:32; Ac 7:51)
[CALVIN].
Amos Capitolo 2 5 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
5. a fire--Nebuchadnezzar.
Amos Capitolo 2 6 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
6. Israel--the ten tribes, the main subject of Amos' prophecies.
sold the righteous--Israel's judges for a bribe are induced to condemn in judgment him who has a righteous cause; in violation of
De 16:19.
the poor for a pair of shoes--literally, "sandals" of wood, secured on the foot by leather straps; less valuable than shoes. Compare the same phrase, for "the most paltry bribe,"
Am 8:6; Eze 13:19; Joe 3:3.
They were not driven by poverty to such a sin; beginning with suffering themselves to be tempted by a large bribe, they at last are so reckless of all shame as to prostitute justice for the merest trifle. Amos convicts them of injustice, incestuous unchastity, and oppression first, as these were so notorious that they could not deny them, before he proceeds to reprove their contempt of God, which they would have denied on the ground that they worshipped God in the form of the calves.
Amos Capitolo 2 7 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
7. pant after . . . dust of . . . earth on . . . head of . . . poor--that is, eagerly thirst for this object, by their oppression to prostrate the poor so as to cast the dust on their heads in mourning on the earth (compare
2Sa 1:2; Job 2:12; Eze 27:30).
turn aside . . . way of . . . meek--pervert their cause
(Am 5:12; Job 24:4
[GROTIUS];
Isa 10:2).
a man and his father--a crime "not so much as named among the Gentiles"
(1Co 5:1).
When God's people sin in the face of light, they often fall lower than even those who know not God.
go in unto the same maid--from
Am 2:8
it seems likely "the damsel" meant is one of the prostitutes attached to the idol Astarte's temple: prostitution being part of her filthy worship.
to profane my . . . name--Israel in such abominations, as it were, designedly seeks to insult God.
Amos Capitolo 2 8 Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
8. lay themselves . . . upon clothes laid to pledge--the outer garment, which
Ex 22:25-27
ordered to be restored to the poor man before sunset, as being his only covering. It aggravated the crime that they lay on these clothes in an idol temple.
by every altar--They partook in a recumbent posture of their idolatrous feasts; the ancients being in the habit of reclining at full length in eating, the upper part of the body resting on the left elbow, not sitting as we do.
drink . . . wine of the condemned--that is, wine bought with the money of those whom they unjustly fined.
Am 2:1-16.
CHARGES AGAINST MOAB, JUDAH, AND LASTLY ISRAEL, THE CHIEF SUBJECT OF AMOS' PROPHECIES.
1. burned . . . bones of . . . king of Edom into lime--When Jehoram of Israel, Jehoshaphat of Judah, and the king of Edom, combined against Mesha king of Moab, the latter failing in battle to break through to the king of Edom, took the oldest son of the latter and offered him as a burnt offering on the wall
(2Ki 3:27)
[MICHAELIS]. Thus, "king of Edom" is taken as the heir to the throne of Edom. But "his son" is rather the king of Moab's own son, whom the father offered to Molech [JOSEPHUS, Antiquities, 9.3]. Thus the reference here in Amos is not to that fact, but to the revenge which probably the king of Moab took on the king of Edom, when the forces of Israel and Judah had retired after their successful campaign against Moab, leaving Edom without allies. The Hebrew tradition is that Moab in revenge tore from their grave and burned the bones of the king of Edom, the ally of Jehoram and Jehoshaphat, who was already buried. Probably the "burning of the bones" means, "he burned the king of Edom alive, reducing his very bones to lime" [MAURER].