Commentario del capitolo
2 Samuel Capitolo 19
5
2 Samuel 19:5
Originale inglese
Had Absalom gained the victory, it is likely that, according to the manner of Oriental despots, he would have sought to secure his throne by killing all possible competitors Judges 9:5; 1 Kings 15:29.
8
2 Samuel 19:8
ダビデは、ヨアブの言ったことの正当さと、自ら悲しみから立ち上がらないならば自分に迫る新たな危険とを見て取った。
イスラエルは… - ダビデの従者たちではなく、以前と同じく(2 Samuel 17:26; 2 Samuel 18:6, 2 Samuel 18:17)アブサロムの軍勢のことである。
Originale inglese
David saw the justice of what Joab said, and the new danger which threatened him if he did not rouse himself from his grief.
For Israel ... - Not David's followers, but as before 2 Samuel 17:26; 2 Samuel 18:6, 2 Samuel 18:17, Absalom's army.
13
2 Samuel 19:13
わたしの骨の… - 前節と同様に、「あなたはわたしの骨、わたしの肉ではないか」と訳すべきである。この句が、2 Samuel 5:1 ではイスラエルに由来する共通の血統を、2 Samuel 19:12 ではユダ部族のより近い親族関係を、そしてこの節ではダビデとその姉妹の子アマサとの、いっそう近い親族関係を表すのに用いられていることに注目するのは興味深い。
ヨアブに代わる軍の将… - ダビデが、ヨアブの威圧的な影響力の重荷をひどく苦しく感じていたことはきわめて明白である(2 Samuel 19:22; 2 Samuel 3:39; 2 Samuel 16:10 と比較せよ)。彼はこのとき、アブサロムを殺したヨアブに強く腹を立てていた。そこで、アマサとユダの軍勢を味方につけることが死活的に重要であると考え、彼はヨアブの高い地位をアマサに与えることをいささかも躊躇しなかった。
Originale inglese
Of my bone ... - Render as in preceding verse, "art thou not my bone and my flesh?" It is curious to note how the phrase is used in 2 Samuel 5:1 of common descent from Israel, in 2 Samuel 19:12 of the closer kindred of the tribe of Judah, and in this verse of the yet nearer kindred between David and Amasa his sister's son.
Captain ... in the room of Joab - It is very plain that David felt the weight of Joab's overbearing influence to be very oppressive (compare 2 Samuel 19:22; 2 Samuel 3:39; 2 Samuel 16:10). He was, at this time, very angry with Joab for killing Absalom; and so, thinking it of vital importance to win over Amasa and the army of Judah, he did not scruple to offer him Joab's high post.
16
2 Samuel 19:16
シメイは、ユダが王を呼び戻すことについて一致していることを察すると、大勢のベニヤミン人の部隊を伴って来て、直ちにダビデとの和解を図った。
Originale inglese
Shimei being aware that Judah was unanimous in recalling the king, lost no time in trying to make his peace with David, by bringing a large Benjamite force with him.
17
2 Samuel 19:17
王の前に - すなわち「王を迎えるために」の意である。2 Samuel 20:8と比較せよ。王は東の岸にあり、彼らは王のもとへ行くために（渡し場から）西の岸から渡って来たのである。
Originale inglese
Before the king - i. e., "to meet the king." Compare 2 Samuel 20:8. The king was on the east bank, and they crossed over (by the ford) from the west bank to go to him.
18
2 Samuel 19:18
彼がヨルダン川を渡って来たとき - 「彼が渡ろうとしているとき」と訳す。すなわち、渡るためにちょうど乗り物に乗り込もうとしていた時のことである。場面はなお東の岸にある。シメイは、可能であればダビデの憤りを和らげようと、あらゆる手を尽くした。
Originale inglese
As he was come over Jordan - Render, "when he was crossing," i. e., just embarking for the purpose of crossing. The scene still lies on the east bank. Shimei left nothing undone to soften, if possible, David's resentment.
20
2 Samuel 19:20
これは「ヨセフの家」すなわち「ヨセフ」が、エフライムを頭とし指導者とする十部族全体を指して用いられる最初の例である。ベニヤミン人サウルが王であった間、またマハナイムがその子の王国の首都であった間は、彼らをそのように呼ぶことは自然ではなく、ベニヤミン人シメイの口から出た語としても、一見そうとは思われない。しかし彼がこの句を用いたのは、自分自身とその部族が反乱の主導権を握ったという責めを免れ、彼らはヨセフの大きな家の優勢な影響力に引きずり込まれたにすぎないとほのめかすためであった可能性がきわめて高い。他方、この句は、この箇所がイスラエルの王国の分裂後、この句が一般的に用いられていた時代に書かれたことを示す徴である可能性もある。
Originale inglese
This is the first time that the "house of Joseph," or "Joseph," stands for all the ten tribes of which Ephraim was the head and leader. While Saul of Benjamin was king, or while Mahanaim was the capital of his son's kingdom, it was not natural so to name them, nor does it seem so at first sight in the mouth of Shimei the Benjamite. But it is very possible that he used the phrase for the purpose of exculpating himself and his own tribe from having taken the initiative in the rebellion, anti of insinuating that they were drawn away by the preponderating influence of the great house of Joseph. On the other hand, the phrase may be an indication that the passage was written after the separation of the kingdom of Israel, when the phrase was a common one.
24
2 Samuel 19:24
ひげ - 「口ひげ」、すなわち上唇のひげのことである。この節に述べられている事実は、メフィボシェテをダビデへの不忠実の疑いから潔白させる方向に働いている。
Originale inglese
Beard - The "moustache," the beard of the upper lip. The fact related in this verse tends to clear Mephibosheth from the suspicion of unfaithfulness to David.
26
2 Samuel 19:26
起こったと見られる事柄は次の通りである。メフィボシェテがジバに、ろばに鞍を置いて自分とともに乗り、ダビデに合流するよう命じたとき、ジバは従うふりをして彼のもとを離れ、その代わりにろばに食糧を積み込み、それだけを引き連れて立ち去った。こうしてメフィボシェテが後を追うことを不可能にしたのである。
Originale inglese
What appears to have happened is, that when Mephibosheth ordered Ziba to saddle the donkeys and ride with him to join David, Ziba left him under pretence of obeying, but instead laded the donkeys with provisions, and went off alone with them, thus making it impossible for Mephibosheth to follow.
29
Traduzione in sospeso · Originale inglese2 Samuel 19:29
Unable to get to the bottom of the story, and perhaps unwilling to make an enemy of Ziba, David compromised the matter by dividing the land, thus partially revoking his hasty sentence 2 Samuel 16:4. We still see the impatient temper of David.
37
Traduzione in sospeso · Originale inglese2 Samuel 19:37
Chimham - From marginal references it appears that Chimham, having accepted David's offer, came and settled near Bethlehem. His house was still called after him at the time of the captivity.
39
Traduzione in sospeso · Originale inglese2 Samuel 19:39
The "people" is the term especially applied in this narrative to David's followers 2 Samuel 15:17; 2 Samuel 16:14; 2 Samuel 17:2; 2 Samuel 18:1-2; 2 Samuel 19:2-3. They crossed by the ford, while David and his household, accompanied by Barzillai and Chimham, came over in the ferry.
41
Traduzione in sospeso · Originale inglese2 Samuel 19:41
It seems that David and his whole party made a halt at Gilgal 2 Samuel 19:15; 1 Samuel 11:14, and possibly made some solemn agreement there about the kingdom. But while they were there, "all the men of Israel," representatives from the tribes not included in "half the people of Israel" 2 Samuel 19:40, came up in great wrath at finding that the restoration had been accomplished without consulting them, and accused the men of Judah of unfair dealing.
もしアブサロムが勝利を収めていたなら、東洋の専制君主たちのやり方に従って、王座を固めるために、ありとあらゆる競争者たちを殺すことでそれを図ったであろう(Judges 9:5; 1 Kings 15:29)。