Commentario del capitolo
Galatians Capitolo 6
서론
Galatians 6 Introduction
Originale inglese
This chapter is composed entirely of affectionate exhortation, and the expression of the apostle's earnest solicitude in the behalf of the Christians in Galatia. He exhorts them Galatians 6:1 to bring back to the ways of virtue anyone who through the strength of strong temptation had been led astray. He entreats them Galatians 6:2 to bear one another's burdens, and thus to show that they were true friends of Christ, and governed by his laws. He entreats them not to be lifted up with pride, and not to affix an inordinate estimate to anything that they possessed, assuring them that their true estimate was to be formed from the character of their own works; Galatians 6:3-5. He exhorts them to minister to the needs of their public teachers, the preachers of the gospel; Galatians 6:6. In Galatians 6:7-10, he reminds them of the solemn day of judgment, when all will be tried; assures them that people will be judged and rewarded according to their works; and entreats them not to be weary in well-doing, but to labor on patiently in doing good, with the assurance that they should reap in due season.
In Galatians 6:11, he shows them the interest which he felt in them by his having done what was unusual for him, and what perhaps he had done in no other instance - writing an entire letter in his own hand. He then states the true reason why others wished them to be circumcised. It was the dread of persecution, and not any real love to the cause of religion. They did not themselves keep the Law, and they only desired to glory in the number of converts to their views; Galatians 6:12-13. But Paul says that he would glory in nothing but in the cross of Christ. By that he had been crucified to the world, and the world had been crucified to him Galatians 6:14; and he repeats the solemn assurance that in the Christian religion neither circumcision nor uncircumcision was of any importance whatever; Galatians 6:15. This was the true rule of life, and on as many as walked according to this principle, he invokes the blessing of God; Galatians 6:16. He closes the Epistle by entreating them to give him no more trouble. He bore in his body already the marks or sufferings which he had received in the cause of the Lord Jesus. His trials already were sufficient; and he entreats them to spare him from future molestation Galatians 6:17, and closes with the benediction; Galatians 6:18.
1
Galatians 6:1
兄弟たちよ。もし人が罪に陥っているのが見られたなら ―― 欄外注は「たとえ」である。これは使徒が起こり得ると想定した事例である。キリスト者は完全ではなかった。そして、真のキリスト者であっても、誘惑に不意を襲われ、罪に陥る可能性があった。「罪に陥っている」と訳された語(προλημφθῃ prolēmphthē、προλαμβάνω prolambanō に由来)は、本来「ほかに先んじて取る、先んじる」を意味し(1 Corinthians 11:21)、次に「先に捕らえられる、捕まる」を意味する。ここでは、ある人が以前から罪を犯していたか、あるいは最近、情欲や誘惑に駆り立てられて過ちを犯したかのいずれかを意味し得る。ここでは後者が真の意味である可能性が高い。すなわち、もし人が何らかの罪に捕らえられているのが見つかり、その人の情欲あるいは誘惑がその人に打ち勝っているならば、という意味である。ティンダルはこれを「もしだれかが偶然に何らかの過ちに陥ったなら」と訳している。これは不意打ちの事例、突然の誘惑の事例を指す。キリスト者は、意図的に、人生の計画の一部として罪を犯すことはない。しかし、ダビデやペテロがそうであったように、突然の誘惑に不意を襲われたり、激しく強情な情欲に駆り立てられたりすることはあり得る。パウロは、罪を犯す計画を意図的に立てるような者を立ち直らせる可能性については語っていない。使徒は、そのような者がキリスト者であり得るとは想定しておらず、そのような者を立ち直らせると語ることが適切であるとも考えていないのである。
霊の人であるあなたがたは ―― 聖霊の影響の下にあるあなたがたのことである。Galatians 5:22-23の注解を参照されたい。この節で使徒は明らかに、何らかの肉の放縦に陥った者たちについて言及しており(Galatians 5:19-21)、これらの誘惑を逃れ、御霊の影響の下にある者たちが、そのような人々を立ち直らせるべきだと言う。他人を罪から立ち直らせようとする者にとって、きわめて重要な資格は、その者自身が同じ罪について有罪でないことである。改革者は聖なる人々でなければならない。教会において懲戒を行使する人々は「霊の」人々、すなわち全面的な信頼を正当に置くことのできる人々でなければならない。
そのような人を立ち直らせよ ―― ここで用いられた語の意味については、2 Corinthians 13:11の注解を参照されたい。ここでの意味は、除外された後に彼を教会に復帰させることではなく、彼を正しい状態に置き、連れ戻し、その誤りと過ちから立ち直らせることである。使徒はこれがどのように行われるべきかを述べていないが、疑いなく通常は、愛のある勧告、忠実な教え、そして祈りによってなされるべきである。懲戒や処罰に訴えるのは、他の方法が試みられて無駄に終わるまではなされるべきではない(Matthew 18:15-17)。
柔和な心で ―― 親切で、寛容で、赦す心をもって、ということである。Matthew 5:5の注解を参照されたい。怒りをもってではなく、威圧的で高圧的な心をもってではなく、他人のあら探しを好む心と教会の懲戒を科したいという欲望をもってではなく、荒々しく赦さない気質をもってでもなく、愛と優しさと謙遜と忍耐と、過ちが犯されたときに赦す用意のある心をもって行うべきである。これは、過ちを犯した兄弟を立ち直らせ、回復させるための不可欠な資格である。柔和な心をもってそれのできない者は、だれも他人を責めたり勧めたりしようとしてはならない。このような心の気質を持たない者は、いかなる形でも改革のわざに携わってはならない。
自分自身を省みて ―― あなた自身もどれほど誤りに陥りやすいか、それゆえ他人にどれほどの親切と寛容が示されるべきかを覚えることである。あなた自身も過ちに捕らわれる可能性があると感じるかのように行動し、他人があなたにしてほしいと思うとおりに行動すべきである。プリニウス(Epis. viii. 22)は、次の美しいことばで似た考えを表現している。「Atque ego optimum et emendatissimum existimo, qui caeteris ita ignoscit, tanquam ipse quotidie peccet; ita peccatis abstinet, tanquam nemini ignoscat. Prolade hoc domi, hoc foris, hoc in omni vitae genere teneamus, ut nobis implacabiles simus, exorabiles istis etiam, qui dare veniam nisi sibi nesciunt.」パウロが教える教理は、人間の弱さがそのようなものであり、人間の堕落の力がそのようなものであるゆえに、だれひとり自分自身がどのような罪に陥るかを知らない、ということである。人は、他人のうちで正そうと努めているまさにその罪を犯すように誘惑されるかもしれない。さらに悪い罪を犯すに任されることさえあり得る。もしそうであれば、私たちは堅固でありながら柔和であるべきであり、悪に顔を向けて堅く構えながらも赦すべきであり、責めながらも祈るべきであり、他人に教会の懲戒を科さざるを得ないときにもあわれみ深くあるべきである。まともな感情を少しでも持つ者はだれでも、誤った兄弟を立ち直らせようとするとき、その人のために、また自分自身のためにも祈るべきであり、「自分自身も誘惑され得ることをも省み」ないならば、自分の義務は半分しか、しかもきわめて不完全にしか果たしていないとみなすであろう。
Originale inglese
Brethren, if a man be overtaken - Margin, "Although." It is a case which the apostle supposes might happen. Christians were not perfect; and it was possible that they who were true Christians might be surprised by temptation, and fall into sin. The word rendered "be overtaken" (προλημφθῃ prolēmphthē from προλαμβάνω prolambanō), means properly "to take before another, to anticipate" 1 Corinthians 11:21; then "to be before taken or caught"; and may here mean either that one had been formerly guilty of sin or had been recently hurried on by his passions or by temptations to commit a fault. It is probable that the latter here is the true sense, and that it means, if a man is found to be overtaken by any sin; if his passions, or if temptation get the better of him. Tyndale renders it: "If any man be fallen by chance into any fault." It refers to cases of surprise, or of sudden temptation. Christians do not commit sin deliberately, and as a part of the plan of life; but they may be surprised by sudden temptation, or urged on by impetuous or headstrong passion, as David and Peter were. Paul does not speak of the possibility of restoring one who deliberately forms the plan of sinning; he does not suppose that such a man could be a Christian, and that it would be proper to speak of restoring such a man.
Ye which are spiritual - Who are under the influences of the Holy Spirit; see the note at Galatians 5:22-23. The apostle, in this verse, refers evidently to those who have fallen into some sensual indulgence Galatians 5:19-21, and says that they who have escaped these temptations, and who are under the influences of the Spirit, should recover such persons. It is a very important qualification for those who would recover others from sin, that they should not be guilty of the same sin themselves. Reformers should be holy persons; people who exercise discipline in the church should be "spiritual" men - people in whom implicit confidence may be properly reposed.
Restore such an one - On the meaning of the word used here, see the note at 2 Corinthians 13:11. Here it means, not to restore him to the church after he has been excluded, but set him right, bring him back, recover him from his errors and his faults. The apostle does not say in what manner this is to be done; but it is usually to be done doubtless by affectionate admonition, by faithful instruction, and by prayer. Discipline or punishment should not be resorted to until the other methods are tried in vain; Matthew 18:15-17.
In the spirit of meekness - With a kind, forbearing, and forgiving spirit; see the note at Matthew 5:5. Not with anger; not with a lordly and overbearing mind; not with a love of finding others in fault, and with a desire for inflicting the discipline of the church; not with a harsh and unforgiving temper, but with love, and gentleness, and humility, and patience, and with a readiness to forgive when wrong has been done. This is an essential qualification for restoring and recovering an offending brother. No one should attempt to rebuke or admonish another who cannot do it in the spirit of meekness; no man should engage in any way in the work of reform who has not such a temper of mind.
Considering thyself ... - Remembering how liable you are yourself to err; and how much kindness and indulgence should therefore be shown to others. You are to act as if you felt it possible that you might also be overtaken with a fault; and you should act as you would wish that others should do toward you. Pliny (Epis. viii. 22) has expressed a similar sentiment in the following beautiful language. "Atque ego optimum et emendatissimum existimo, qui caeteris ita ignoscit, tanquam ipse quotidie peccet; ita peccatis abstinet, tanquam nemini ignoscat. Prolade hoc domi, hoc foris, hoc in omni vitae genere teneamus, ut nobis implacabiles simus, exorabiles istis etiam, qui dare veniam nisi sibi nesciunt." The doctrine taught by Paul is, that such is human infirmity, and such the strength of human depravity, that no one knows into what sins he may himself fall. He may be tempted to commit; the same sins which he endeavors to amend in others; he may be left to commit even worse sins. If this is the case, we should be tender while we are firm; forgiving while we set our faces against evil; prayerful while we rebuke; and compassionate when we are compelled to inflict on others the discipline of the church. Everyone who has any proper feelings, when he attempts to recover an erring brother should pray for him and for himself also; and will regard his duty as only half done, and that very imperfectly, if he does not "consider also that he himself may be tempted."
2
Galatians 6:2
互いの重荷を負い合いなさい ―― Romans 15:1の注解を参照されたい。互いに忍び合い、神のいのちにおいて互いに助け合う、ということである。その意味は、人にはそれぞれ特有の誘惑と、いつもからみついてくる罪とがあり、それらが重い重荷を形作っている、ということである。私たちはこれらに関して互いに助け合い、それらに打ち勝つことができるように互いに支え合うべきなのである。
そうしてキリストの律法を全うしなさい ―― これは、互いに愛し合うことを私たちに求める、キリストの特別な律法のことである。John 13:34の注解を参照されたい。これこそ、贖い主を特徴づける律法であった。そして彼らがこの律法を全うする方法としては、神のいのちにおいて互いに助け合うこと以上に良いものはほかにないのである。キリストの律法は、罪を犯した者を責め立てること、その人を嘲ること、その人のつまずきを喜ぶことを、私たちに許さないであろう。私たちは、その人が自分の弱さの重荷を担うことができるように助け、私たちの助言と勧めと祈りとによってその人を支えるべきである。自分の弱さを自覚しているキリスト者には、兄弟たちの同情と祈りとを受ける権利がある。彼らは、冷たく無情な世界へ、すなわち彼らのつまずきを喜び、いつでも彼らに偽善者の烙印を押そうと待ち構えている世界へ、放り出されてはならない。彼らは兄弟愛の温かいふところにしっかりと抱きとめられるべきであり、迷い出て倒れた兄弟を囲んで、絶えることのない祈りが捧げられるべきなのである。キリスト者という名を帯びるすべての人に関して、果たしてそうなっているであろうか。
Originale inglese
Bear ye one another's burdens - See the note at Romans 15:1. Bear with each other; help each other in the divine life. The sense is, that every man has special temptations and easily besetting sins, which constitute a heavy burden. We should aid each other in regard to these, and help one another to overcome them.
And so fulfil the law of Christ - The special law of Christ, requiring us to love one another; see the note at John 13:34. This was the distinguishing law of the Redeemer; and they could in no way better fulfil it than by aiding each other in the divine life. The law of Christ would not allow us to reproach the offender, or to taunt him, or to rejoice in his fall. We should help him to take up his load of infirmities, and sustain him by our counsels, our exhortations, and our prayers. Christians, conscious of their infirmities, have a right to the sympathy and the prayers of their brethren. They should not be cast off to a cold and heartless world; a world rejoicing over their fall, and ready to brand them as hypocrites. They should be pressed to the warm bosom of brotherly kindness; and prayer should be made to ascend without ceasing around an erring and a fallen brother. Is this the case in regard to all who bear the Christian name?
3
Galatians 6:3
もし人が何事かになっていると思っているなら…… ―― Galatians 5:26を参照されたい。これは明らかに、過ちを犯した者たちに対して親切で柔和であるべきもう一つの理由として示されたものである。すなわち、最も自信のある者たちでさえ倒れうる、というのである。安全だと感じ、自分が罪を犯すことはあり得ないと考える者たちは、安全ではない。彼らは、自分自身を最も高く評価しているときでさえ、完全に欺かれているかもしれず、無に等しいかもしれない。彼ら自身も罪に陥り、兄弟たちのあらゆる同情と親切を必要とするようになりうるのである。
彼が何事もないのに ―― 力もなく、道徳的な価値もないときのことである。自分が考えているような者ではなく、むなしい自己過信によって高く持ち上げられているのである。
自分を欺いているのである ―― 彼は自分自身の性質を理解していない。「その欺きの最悪の部分は、彼自身の頭上に落ちる」(ドドリッジ)。彼は自分がなし遂げると期待していたことを成し遂げず、期待していたように他の人々から評判を得るどころか、かえって彼らの目に軽蔑に値する者となるのである。
Originale inglese
For if a man think himself to be something ... - see Galatians 5:26. This is designed, evidently, to be another reason why we should be kind and tender to those who have erred. It is, that even those who are most confident may fall. They who feel secure, and think it impossible that they should sin, are not safe. They may be wholly deceived, and may be nothing, when they have the highest estimate of themselves. They may themselves fall into sin, and have need of all the sympathy and kindness of their brethren.
When he is nothing - When he has no strength, and no moral worth. When he is not such as he apprehends, but is lifted up with vain self-conceit.
He deceiveth himself - He understands not his own character. "The worst part of the fraud falls on his own head" - Doddridge. He does not accomplish what he expected to do; and instead of acquiring reputation from others, as he expected, he renders himself contemptible in their sight.
4
Galatians 6:4
おのおの自分のわざを確かめなさい ―― すなわち、正しい仕方で試み、あるいは検討しなさい、ということである。自分の実際の性質にしたがって、自分に当然帰属するものについて正当な評価を下すようにせよ。自分を神のことばと、神が与えられた、最後の大いなる日に私たちがそれによってさばかれるべき確実な規準と比較せよ(Romans 12:3の注解、1 Corinthians 11:28の注解、2 Corinthians 13:5の注解と比較)。
自分のわざを ―― 自分のすることのことである。自分の性質について、公正で偏りのない評価を下すようにせよ。
そうすれば、誇るものを持つであろう ―― すなわち、彼は正当に報いられ、失望に会わないであろう、ということである。自分の性質について不正確な評価を下す者は、必ず失望する。自分を検討し、自分に当然帰属するものについて法外な期待を抱かない者は、正当に報いられ、幸福とされるであろう。もし自分を注意深く検討することによって、自分のいのちが徳に適い、自分の行いがきよいことを発見するなら、他の人々に何の悪も行わなかったこと、そして自分が神の子どもである証拠を見いだすなら、彼は喜ぶ理由を持つのである。
自分自身のうちにだけ ―― Proverbs 14:14と比較されたい。「善人は自分自身から満たされる」。その意味は、彼が自分自身のうちに純粋な喜びの源を見いだす、ということである。彼は幸福のために他の人々の喝采に依存しない。是認する良心のうちに、神の恵みの証拠のうちに、きよく聖なる生涯を送ろうとする誠実な努力のうちに、彼は幸福を持つのである。彼の喜びの源は内にあり、野心の人や、自分を思うべき以上に高く考える人がそうであるように、気まぐれな群衆の好意や、大衆の喝采の息に依存することにはならない。
他の人のうちにではなく ―― 彼は幸福のために他者に依存しない。ここに幸福の真の秘訣がある。それは次のことから成る。
(1) 自分自身について不正確な評価を下さないこと。自分が何者であり、自分に何が当然かを正確に知ること。無に等しいのに何事かになっていると思うことのないように。
(2) 中心まで検討されうるような生涯を送ること。それによって、苦しまされ、悩まされることなく、自分が正確に何者であるかを知りうるように。すなわち、良い良心を持ち、神と人とに対する自分の義務を誠実に忠実に果たすこと。
(3) 自分の慰めのために、この世の気まぐれな喝采に依存しないこと。内なる資源を持たず、是認する良心を持たず、他の人が微笑むときにだけ幸福で、しかめっ面をされると惨めになる者は、楽しみについて何の確保も持ちえない者である。良い良心を持ち、神の恵みと天の望みとを楽しむ者は、尽きることのない喜びの源を自分と共に携えている。それを彼から奪うことはできない。彼の財布は取られ、家は盗まれるかもしれないが、追いはぎも彼の慰めを奪うことはできない。彼は外出先においても尽きない幸福の源を携え、同じ幸福の源は家でも彼と共にとどまる。彼はそれを社会の中へ持ち込み、それは独りいるときにも彼と共にとどまる。それは健康なとき、友人たちに囲まれているときの彼の伴侶であり、友人たちが彼を去り、彼が死の床に横たわるときにも、少しも劣らず彼の伴侶なのである。
Originale inglese
But let every man prove - That is, try or examine in a proper manner. Let him form a proper estimate of what is due to himself, according to his real character. Let him compare himself with the word of God, and the infallible rule which he has given, and by which we are to be judged in the last great day; compare the Romans 12:3 note; 1 Corinthians 11:28 note; 2 Corinthians 13:5 note.
His own work - What he does. Let him form a fair and impartial estimate of his own character.
And then shall he have rejoicing - That is, he will be appropriately rewarded, and will meet with no disappointment. The man who forms an improper estimate of his own character will be sure to be disappointed. The man who examines himself, and who forms no extravagant expectation in regard to what is due to himself, will be appropriately rewarded, and will be made happy. If, by the careful examination of himself, he finds his life to be virtuous, and his course of conduct pure; if he has done no wrong to others, and if he finds evidence that he is a child of God, then he will have cause of rejoicing.
In himself alone - Compare Proverbs 14:14; "A good man shall be satisfied from himself." The sentiment is, that he will find in himself a source of pure joy. He will not be dependent on the applause of others for happiness. In an approving conscience; in the evidence of the favor of God; in an honest effort to lead a pure and holy life, he will have happiness. The source of his joys will be within; and he will not be dependent, as the man of ambition, and the man who thinks of himself more highly than he ought, will, on the favors of a capricious multitude, and on the breath of popular applause.
And not in another - He will not be dependent on others for happiness. Here is the true secret of happiness. It consists:
(1) In not forming an improper estimate of ourselves; in knowing just what we are, and what is due to us; in not thinking ourselves to be something, when we are nothing.
(2) in leading such a life that it may be examined to the core, that we may know exactly what we are without being distressed or pained. That is, in having a good conscience, and in the honest and faithful discharge of our duty to God and man.
(3) in not being dependent on the fickle applause of the world for our comfort. The man who has no internal resources, and who has no approving conscience; who is happy only when others smile, and miserable when they frown, is a man who can have no security for enjoyment. The man who has a good conscience, and who enjoys the favor of God, and the hope of heaven, carries with him the source of perpetual joy. He cannot be deprived of it. His purse may be taken, and his house robbed, but the highwayman cannot rob him of his comforts. He carries with him an unfailing source of happiness when abroad, and the same source of happiness abides with him at home; he bears it into society, and it remains with him in solitude; it is his companion when in health, and when surrounded by his friends, and it is no less his companion when his friends leave him, and when he lies upon a bed of death.
5
Galatians 6:5
人はおのおの自分の重荷を負うからである ―― これは一種の諺的な言葉であると見られ、ここでは、人はそれぞれ自分にふさわしい報いを受ける、という意味である。徳のある者なら幸福になり、悪徳の者なら惨めになる。徳のある者なら、自分自身のうちに幸福の源を持つであろうし、罪人なら、自分の罪にふさわしい刑罰を負わなければならない。その大いなる日には、人はそれぞれ正当に報いられる。これを知って、私たちは他の人々の意見についてあまり心を砕かず、神と人とに対して良い良心を保つよう努めるべきである。この箇所のねらいは、人々が自分自身について、また他人の意見について不正確な評価を下すのを防ぐことにある。人がまもなくさばきの座に立つことになることを自覚させるなら、それは自分の重要性について不正確な評価を下さないために大いに役立つ。自分が神に申し開きをしなければならず、自分の大いなる利害が神がその性質に付される評価によって決定されることを自覚させるなら、それは世の意見がほとんど価値のないことを彼に教えるであろう。これは彼の虚栄と野心を抑制する。これは、人生の大いなる務めが神の恵みを確保すること、また自分の申し開きを差し出す備えをすることであることを彼に示すであろう。そして、私たちがまもなく神の恐るべき法廷に立つことになることを感じることほど、野心を阻み、虚栄と喝采への愛を抑え込む効果的な道はないのである。
Originale inglese
For every man shall bear his own burden - This seems to be a kind of proverbial saying; and it means here, every man shall have his proper reward. If he is a virtuous man, he will be happy; if a vicious man, he will be miserable. If a virtuous man, he will have the source of happiness in himself; if a sinner, he must bear the proper penalty of his sin. In the great day every man shall be properly rewarded. Knowing this, we should be little anxious about the sentiments of others, and should seek to maintain a good conscience toward God and man. The design of this passage is, to prevent people from forming an improper estimate of themselves, and of the opinions of others. Let a man feel that he is soon to stand at the judgment-seat, and it will do much to keep him from an improper estimate of his own importance; let him feel that he must give an account to God, and that his great interests are to be determined by the estimate which God will affix to his character, and it will teach him that the opinion of the world is of little value. This will restrain his vanity and ambition. This will show him that the great business of life is to secure the favor of God, and to be prepared to give up his account; and there is no way so effectual of checking ambition, and subduing vanity and the love of applause, as to feel that we are soon to stand at the awesome bar of God.
6
Galatians 6:6
みことばを教えられる者は ―― 神のことば、すなわち福音において教えられる者のことである。
教える人と分け合うように ―― 教える者と分かち合うように、ということである。すべての良いものについての共同的な参加があるようにせよ。
すべての良いものを ―― その人たちの快適な生活のために必要なあらゆるものにおいて。ここ命じられている義務については、1 Corinthians 9:11-13の注解を参照されたい。
Originale inglese
Let him that is taught in the word - In the word of God; that is, the gospel.
Communicate unto him - Let him share with him who teaches; let there be a common participation of all good things.
In all good things - In everything that is needful for their comfortable subsistence. On the duty here enjoined see the notes at 1 Corinthians 9:11-13.
7
Galatians 6:7
欺かれてはいけない ―― すなわち、自分の性質と、永遠に対する自分の望みに関して欺かれてはならない、ということである。これは、とりわけ重く重要な勧めを導入するための定式である。それは、自分の性質に関して欺かれる危険が彼らにあったことを含意する。その危険の源は、自分の心の腐敗、自分の真の性質を知ることの困難、にせ教師たちの教えなどであった(1 Corinthians 6:9の注解を参照)。
神は侮られるような方ではない ―― 神は欺かれず、あざけられない。神は私たちの真の性質が何であるかを知っており、それにしたがって私たちをさばかれる。「侮られる」と訳されている語(μυκτηρίζω muktērizō)は、本来、あざけって鼻をそびえさせることを意味し、そこから、あざける、嘲笑する、侮辱するを意味する。その意味は、神は欺かれることができず、神を侮辱して罰なしに、あるいは成功裏に通り抜けることはできない、ということである。あざけることは、本来、次のことを意味する。
(1) 模倣すること、物真似をすること。軽蔑または嘲笑をもって模倣すること。
(2) 嘲笑すること、笑うこと、あざけること。
(3) 挫折させること、欺くこと、失望させること。
(4) 愚弄すること、じらすこと(ウェブスター)。
ここでは模倣すること、物真似をすることを意味しえず、神の統治の諸原理を指している。したがって、それらが軽蔑して扱われたり、うまく回避されたりすることはできない、という意味であろう。彼らは神を欺き、出し抜くことを望みえたなかった。神の統治の諸原理は確定しており、彼らは神を欺けなかった。ここで何が指されているかは完全には明らかでない。置かれている文脈では、福音の奉仕者たちの扶養を指しているように見える。パウロは、人はまくとおりに刈り取るという一般的原理を導入することによって、彼らの財産を寛大で適切に用いることがどんな結果をもたらすかを彼らに示すのである。もし彼らがそれを適切に用いるなら、愛善の目的に用いるなら、宗教の扶養のために当然ささげるべきものをささげるなら、彼らはそれにしたがって刈り取るであろう。神はこの点に関して欺かれることはなかった。彼らが肉のためにまき、快楽の購入と贅沢と虚飾に金を費やしながら、神に、自分たちが真の宗教を持っていると思わせることはできなかったのである。
どんな熱心も、どれほど燃えていても、どんな祈りも、どれほど切実で長くても、どんな表白も、どれほど大声でも、神を欺くことはできない。心は世と共にあり、宗教以外のあらゆるものに金を費やしながら、そのような祈りをささげ、そのような熱心とそのような強い表白を示すことは、神をあざけることであった。ああ、このような神のあざけりが、今なおどれほど広く行き渡っていることであろうか。人々の心は実のところ世と共にありながら、神に、自分たちがひとかたならず熱心で献身的であると信じさせようとするかのようなことが、なんと多いことであろうか。心が実に宗教の大義に携わっていると神と人とに信じさせようとするかのように、なんと多くの長い祈りがささげられ、なんと多くの熱心が示され、なんと多くの温かい表白がなされていることであろうか。その間、愛善の大義にはほとんど何も与えられず、宗教の奉仕者たちは飢えるに任され、「大声の表白者」は富の中で暮らし、贅沢な生活、華やかな衣服、馬車の豪華さ、遊興の集まりの浪費によって際立っている。そのような表白者たちは神をあざけろうとする。彼らは実に肉のためにまいているのであり、肉からは朽ちるものを刈り取らなければならないのである。
人は何をまいても…… ―― 2 Corinthians 9:6の注解を参照されたい。この比喩は農業から取られたものである。小麦をまく者は小麦を刈り取り、大麦をまく者は大麦を刈り取り、毒麦をまく者は毒麦を刈り取るであろう。あらゆる種類の穀物は自分と同じ穀物を実らせる。私たちの行いについても同様である。寛大な者は寛大に扱われ、義なる者は報いられ、罪人はその行いにしたがって刈り取るのである。
Originale inglese
Be not deceived - That is, in regard to your character, and your hopes for eternity. This is a formula of introduction to some admonition that is especially weighty and important. It implies that there was danger that they would be deceived in reference to their character. The sources of the danger were the corruption of their own hearts, the difficulty of knowing their true character, the instructions of false teachers, etc.; see the note at 1 Corinthians 6:9.
God is not mocked - He cannot be imposed on, or mocked. He knows what our real character is, and he will judge us accordingly. The word rendered "mocked" (μυκτηρίζω muktērizō), means, properly, to turn up the nose in scorn; hence, to mock, or deride, or insult. The sense is, that God could not be imposed on, or could not be insulted with impunity, or successfully. To mock is, properly:
(1) To imitate, to mimic: to imitate in contempt or derision.
(2) to deride, to laugh at, to ridicule.
(3) to defeat, or to illude, or to disappoint.
(4) to fool, to tantalize - Webster.
Here it cannot mean to imitate, or to mimic, but it refers to the principles of the divine administration, and must mean that they could not be treated with contempt, or successfully evaded. They could not hope to illude or impose on God. His principles of government were settled, and they could not impose on him. To what the reference is here, is not perfectly plain. In the connection in which it stands, it seems to refer to the support of the ministers of the gospel; and Paul introduces the general principle, that as a man sows he will reap, to show them what will be the effect of a liberal and proper use of their property. If they made a proper use of it; if they employed it for benevolent purposes; if they appropriated what they should to the support of religion, they would reap accordingly. God could not be imposed on in regard to this. They could not make him think that they had true religion when they were sowing to the flesh, and when they were spending their money in purchasing pleasure, and in luxury and vanity.
No zeal, however ardent; no prayers, however fervent or long, no professions, however loud, would impose on God. And to make such prayers, and to manifest such zeal and such strong professions, while the heart was with the world, and they were spending their money for every thing else but religion, was mocking God. Alas, how much mockery of God like this still prevails! How much, when people seem disposed to make God believe that they are exceedingly zealous and devoted, while their heart is truly with the world! How many long prayers are offered; how much zeal is shown; how many warm professions are made, as if to make God and man believe that the heart was truly engaged in the cause of religion, while little or nothing is given in the cause of benevolence; while the ministers of religion are suffered to starve; and while the "loud professor" rolls in wealth, and is distinguished for luxury of living, for gaiety of apparel, for splendor of equipage, and for extravagance in parties of pleasure! Such professors attempt to mock God. They are really sowing to the flesh; and of the flesh they must reap corruption.
For whatsoever a man soweth ... - See the note at 2 Corinthians 9:6. This figure is taken from agriculture. A man who sows wheat, shall reap wheat; he who sows barley, shall reap barley; he who sows cockle, shall reap cockle. Every kind of grain will produce grain like itself. So it is in regard to our works. He who is liberal, shall be dealt with liberally; he who is righteous, shall be rewarded; he who is a sinner, shall reap according to his deeds.
8
Galatians 6:8
自分の肉のためにまく者は ―― 肉の欲望と情欲の放縦のために備える者のことである(Galatians 5:19-21の注解を参照)。自分の財産を、好色、無節制、虚飾を満足させるために用いる者である。
肉から ―― 肉から、あるいは肉の欲望への耽溺が当然産み出すものから、ということである。神の統治の下では、刑罰は通常、犯罪と同じ線上にある。このいのちにおける好色と無節制の刑罰は、通常、嫌悪すべき不快な病である。そして長く耽溺すれば、快楽主義者はやつれ、膨れ、腐敗して、墓に下っていく。贅沢な生活、甘やかされた食欲、貪食、また無節制な飲酒も、しばしばこのような刑罰を受ける。しかし、たとえ刑罰がこのいのちで従わなくても、来たるべき世界で快楽主義者を必ず追い掛けるであろう。そこで彼は破滅を、最終的で永遠の破滅を刈り取るであろう。
朽ちるものを ――
(1) 病によって。
(2) 墓において。すなわち、快楽主義者が急速に旅して行く家において。
(3) 悲しみの世界において。
そこではすべてが腐敗するであろう。彼の徳は、徳の外見さえも、すべて消え去るであろう。彼の理解、意志、想像、すなわち彼の全魂は、卑しめられ、腐敗するであろう。破滅の平野にはどのような徳もとどまり、生き残らないであろう。すべてが堕落と悲嘆となる。地獄のすべてのものは卑しく腐敗している。そして、この世と来たるべき世における肉欲の全収穫は、堕落と汚れなのである。
御霊のためにまく者は ―― 聖霊が生み出される導きに従い、聖霊が育てようとする感情を育む者である(Galatians 5:22-23の注解を参照)。
御霊から ―― 御霊の導きに従った結果として、ということである。
永遠のいのちを刈り取るであろう ―― Romans 2:7の注解を参照されたい。
Originale inglese
For he that soweth to his flesh - That makes provision for the indulgence of fleshly appetites and passions; see the notes at Galatians 5:19-21. He who makes use of his property to give indulgence to licentiousness, intemperance, and vanity.
Shall of the flesh - From the flesh, or as that which indulgence in fleshly appetites properly produces. Punishment, under the divine government, is commonly in the line of offences. The punishment of licentiousness and intemperance in this life is commonly loathsome and offensive disease; and when long indulged, the sensualist becomes haggard, and bloated, and corrupted, and sinks into the grave. Such, also, is often the punishment of luxurious living, of a pampered appetite, of gluttony, as well as of intemperate drinking. But if the punishment does not follow in this life, it will be sure to overtake the sensualist in the world to come. There he shall reap ruin, final and everlasting.
Corruption -
(1) By disease.
(2) in the grave - the home to which the sensualist rapidly travels.
(3) in the world of woe.
There all shall be corrupt. His virtue - even the semblance of virtue, shall all be gone. His understanding, will, fancy - his whole soul shall be debased and corrupt. No virtue will linger and live on the plains of ruin, but all shall be depravity and woe. Everything in hell is debased and corrupt; and the whole harvest of sensuality in this world and the world to come, is degradation and defilement.
But he that soweth to the Spirit - He who follows the leadings and cultivates the affections which the Holy Spirit would produce; see the notes at Galatians 5:22-23.
Shall of the Spirit - As the result of following the leadings of the Spirit.
Reap life everlasting - See the note at Romans 2:7.
9
Galatians 6:9
善を行うことに疲れてはならない ―― 1 Corinthians 15:58の注解を参照されたい。ここでの言及は特に宗教の奉仕者たちの扶養(Galatians 6:6)に関するものであるが、使徒はこの勧めを一般的なものとしている。キリスト者はときに疲れることがある。善を行うための最良の計画への反対があまりに多く、なすべきことがあまりに多く、自分たちの時間と慈恵への訴えがあまりに多く、また益を与えようと努めている人々の中にしばしば感謝知らずがあまりに多いので、彼らは気落ちするのである。パウロはそのような人々に語り、投げ出さず、忍耐するように勧める。
時が来れば ―― さばきの日において、ということである。そのとき私たちは、自分のすべての自己否定と慈恵の完全な報いを受けるであろう。
気づかなければ、刈り取るであろう ―― 私たちが、疲れ果てて心挫けて投げ出さないなら、ということである。ここには、人がいのちの終わりまで善を行うことに忍耐しないなら、いかなる報いも望みえないことが含意されている。心挫けて自分の努力を放棄する者、障害物に怖気づいて退く者、自分の道に投じられた困難のために気絶する者、安楽を渇望して愛善の野から退く者は、その大義への真の愛着を持たず、その心が宗教の務めに真にあったことは決してなかったことを示す。真のキリスト者となる者は、永遠のためにそのようになる。彼は決して撤退しないことを誓って入伍したのである。彼は常に善を行い、神に仕えることに身を捧げた者となる。いかなる障害物も彼を思いとどまらせてはならず、いかなる困難も彼を野から追い出してはならない。彼は若さの活力をもって、円熟した年の知恵と影響力をもって、年老いて弱められたときの残された力をもって、この地でのいのちの最後の鼓動をもって、そしてより高い世界での不死の精力をもって、善を行うべきである。彼はそのために生きるべきである。そのうちに死ぬべきである。そして新たにされた力をもって復活の中で目覚めるとき、神の国において機会のある限り、善を行う永遠の奉仕のために目覚めるべきなのである。
Originale inglese
And let us not be weary in welldoing - See the note at 1 Corinthians 15:58. The reference here is particularly to the support of the ministers of religion Galatians 6:6, but the apostle makes the exhortation general. Christians sometimes become weary. There is so much opposition to the best plans for doing good; there is so much to be done; there are so many calls on their time and their charities; and there is often so much ingratitude among those whom they endeavor to benefit, that they become disheartened. Such Paul addresses, and exhorts them not to give over, but to persevere.
For in due season - At the day of judgment. Then we shall receive the full reward of all our self-denials and charities.
We shall reap, if we faint not - If we do not give over, exhausted and disheartened. It is implied here, that unless a man perseveres in doing good to the end of life, he can hope for no reward. He who becomes disheartened, and who gives over his efforts; he that is appalled by obstacles, and that faints on account of the embarrassments thrown in his way; he that pines for ease, and withdraws from the field of benevolence, shows that he has no true attachment to the cause, and that his heart has never been truly in the work of religion. He who becomes a true Christian, becomes such for eternity. He has enlisted, never to withdraw. He becomes pledged to do good and to serve God always. No obstacles are to deter, no embarrassments are to drive him from the field. With the vigor of his youth, and the wisdom and influence of his riper years; with his remaining powers when enfeebled by age; with the last pulsation of life here, and with his immortal energies in a higher world, he is to do good. For that he is to live. In that he is to die; and when he awakes in the resurrection with renovated powers, he is to awake to an everlasting service of doing good, as far as he may have opportunity, in the kingdom of God.
10
Galatians 6:10
そこで、機会がある間に、私たちはすべての人に善を行おう ―― これが善を行うことに関する真の規則である。コットン・マザーは「善を行う機会は、それを行う義務を課す」と言った。単純な規則は、私たちに機会が恵まれ、力があるということである。都合のよいときに行う、党派の利益を進めるときに行う、自分の名声に資するときに行う、ということではない。規則は、機会があるときに行うべきだということである。それがどれほどしばしば起こっても構わない。愛善の対象がどれほど多く提示されても構わない。多いほどよい。それが私たちにどれほど多くの自己否定を要しても構わない。それによって私たちがどれほどわずかな名声しか得られなくても構わない。それでも、善を行う機会があるなら、私たちはそれを行うべきであり、その特権に感謝すべきである。そしてそれはすべての人に行われるべきである。自分の家族にだけではなく、自分の党派にだけでもなく、自分の隣人にだけでもなく、自分と同じ肌の色の人々にだけでもなく、自分と同じ地に住む人々にだけでもなく、全人類に行われるべきである。もし地球の反対側に住み、私たちが見たこともなく、この世でも来たるべき世でも決して会うことのない人にまで届いて益を与えられるなら、それでも私たちはその人に善を行うべきである。これがキリスト教である。そしてこの点において、他のすべての点と同様に、それは全世界に行き渡っている狭く利己的な氏族精神とは異なるのである。
とりわけ ―― 人が特に自分の家族と友人たちに益を与える義務を負っているのと同じ原理によってである。世界全体への広く大きな熱心の中でも、彼は彼らを忘れ、ないがしろにしてはならない。彼は、彼らが自分に対して特別な請求権を持つことを感じるべきである。彼らは自分に近い。彼らは柔らかな絆によって自分に結ばれている。彼らは特に自分に依存しているかもしれない。キリスト教は、私たちを自分の国、家族、友人に結ぶ絆を緩めない。それはそれらの絆をより親密で柔らかなものとし、これらの関係から生じる義務をより忠実に果たすよう私たちを促す。しかし、それに加えて、それは私たちがすべての人に善を行い、友人と同様に旅人をも祝福し、自分と同じ肌の色の人と同様に異なる肌の色の人をも、自分の住む同じ国に生まれた人と同様に異なる風土に住む人をも祝福するよう促すのである。
信仰の家族の人たちに ―― キリスト者は、何よりもまず福音を信じることと、福音がそのいのちに及ぼす影響によって、他の人々から区別されるのである。
Originale inglese
As we have therefore opportunity, let us do good unto all men - This is the true rule about doing good. "The opportunity to do good," said Cotton Mather, "imposes the obligation to do it." The simple rule is, that we are favored with the opportunity, and that we have the power. It is not that we are to do it when it is convenient; or when it will advance the interest of a party; or when it may contribute to our fame; the rule is, that we are to do it when we have the opportunity. No matter how often that occurs; no matter how many objects of benevolence are presented - the more the better; no matter how much self-denial it may cost us; no matter how little fame we may get by it; still, if we have the opportunity to do good, we are to do it, and should be thankful for the privilege. And it is to be done to all people. Not to our family only; not to our party; not to our neighbors; not to those of our own color; not to those who live in the same land with us, but to all mankind. If we can reach and benefit a man who lives on the other side of the globe, whom we have never seen, and shall never see in this world or in the world to come, still we are to do him good. Such is Christianity. And in this, as in all other respects, it differs from the narrow and selfish spirit of clanship which prevails all over the world.
Especially - On the same principle that a man is bound particularly to benefit his own family and friends. In his large and expansive zeal for the world at large, he is not to forget or neglect them. He is to feel that they have special claims on him. They are near him. They are bound to him by tender ties. They may be particularly dependent on him. Christianity does not relax the ties which bind us to our country, our family, and our friends. It makes them more close and tender, and excites us more faithfully to discharge the duties which grow out of these relations. But, in addition to that, it excites us to do good to all people, and to bless the stranger as well as the friend; the man who has a different color from our own, as well as he who has the same; the man who lives in another clime, as well as he who was born in the same country in which we live.
Of the household of faith - Christians are distinguished from other people primarily by their believing the gospel, and by its influence on their lives.
11
Galatians 6:11
見なさい。あなたがたが見るのは ―― これは命令法として「見よ」と訳すこともできる。ティンダルはそのように「見よ」と訳す。しかし、直説法で訳すべきだとされるのがより通例である。どちらの翻訳を採っても、意味は本質的に異ならない。使徒の目的は、そのような手紙を書くことによって彼が示した自分の愛の特別な証拠に、彼らの注意を向けることである。
どんなに大きな文字で ―― この句の解釈については、かなり多様な見解が存在してきた。ここで用いられ「どんなに大きな」と訳されている語(πηλίκος pēlikos)は、本来「どれほど大きいか」を意味する。ある人々は、これがパウロがこの手紙を書くときに作った文字の大きさ、すなわち彼が用いた文字の長さと粗さを指すと考えてきた。そのような解釈者たちは、彼がギリシャ文字の筆記に熟達しておらず、ヘブライ文字のように大きな文字、やや粗雑に作られた文字を用いたと考える。ドドリッジとホイットビーがそのように解釈し、テオドレト、ヒエロニムス、テオフィラクトほかいくらかの人々も同様である。ドドリッジによれば、彼はギリシャ文字に熟達していなかったかもしれず、「彼の筆跡のこの不正確さは、彼が以前にほのめかした神経の病弱さや弱さに起因していたのかもしれない」。ヒエロニムスは、パウロはヘブライ人であり、ギリシャ文字を書く方式に通じていなかった。そして必要上、いつもの慣習に反して自筆で手紙を書かなければならなかったため、この粗い方式で文字を成形せざるをえなかった、と言う。この解釈によれば、それは次のことであった。
(1) その手紙が彼の自筆の特徴を帯びていたので、それが本物であることのガラテヤ人々への保証であり、
(2) 彼らのゆえにこの労苦を進んで引き受けようとしたという、彼らへの特別な愛情の証拠であった。
他の人々は、彼が自分の書いた手紙の大きさを指そうとしていると考える。これはグロティウス、コッペ、ブルームフィールド、クラーク、ロック、チャンドラーの解釈であり、実際、明白な解釈であるだけに一般的な解釈である。これによれば、自分の手で手紙全体を彼らに書いたことは、彼らへの特別な関心と思いやりの証拠であった。通常彼は筆記者を用い、終わりに自分の名と、短い祝祷または一言を書き添えた(Romans 16:22の注解、1 Corinthians 16:21の注解を参照)。ここで何が彼をいつもの慣習から離れさせたのかは知られていない。ヒエロニムスは、彼がここで、この節から手紙の終わりまで続く内容を、自分の手で書いたものとして指していると考える。しかしローゼンミュラーによれば、ἔγραψα egrapsaという語は、書こうとするものよりも、すでに書いたものを指す。この節については、読者はTholuck on the Life and Writings of Paul: German Selections, by Edwards and Park, Andover, 1839, pp. 35, 64, 65を有益に参照することができる。
Originale inglese
Ye see - This might be rendered see, in the imperative. So Tyndale renders it, "Behold." But it is more commonly supposed that it should be rendered in the indicative. The sense is not materially different whichever translation is adopted. The object of the apostle is, to direct their attention to the special proof of his love, which he had manifested in writing such a letter.
How large a letter - Considerable variety has existed in regard to the interpretation of this phrase. The word used here and translated "how large" (πηλίκος pēlikos), means. properly, "how great." Some have supposed that it refers to the size of the letters which Paul made in writing the Epistle - the length and crudeness of the characters which he used. Such interpreters suppose that he was not well versed in writing Greek, and that he used large letters. and those somewhat rudely made, like the Hebrew. So Doddridge and Whitby interpret it; and so Theodoret, Jerome, Theophylact, and some others. He might not, says Doddridge, have been well versed in the Greek characters; or "this inaccuracy of his writings might have been owing to the infirmity or weakness of his nerves, which he had hinted at before." Jerome says, that Paul was a Hebrew, and that he was unacquainted with the mode of writing Greek letters; and that because necessity demanded that he should write a letter in his own hand, contrary to his usual custom, he was obliged to form his characters in this crude manner. According to this interpretation, it was:
(1) A pledge to the Galatians that the Epistle was genuine, since it bore the marks of his own handwriting; and,
(2) It was proof of special affection for them that he was willing to undergo this labor on their account.
Others suppose that he means to refer to the size of the Epistle which he had written. Such is the interpretation of Grotius, Koppe, Bloomfield, Clarke, Locke, Chandler, and is, indeed, the common interpretation, as it is the obvious one. According to this, it was proof of special interest in them, and regard for them, that he had written to them a whole letter with his own hand. Usually he employed an amanuensis, and added his name, with a brief benediction or remark at the close; see the Romans 16:22 note; 1 Corinthians 16:21 note. What induced him to depart from his usual custom here is unknown. Jerome supposes that he refers here to what follows from this verse to the end of the Epistle, as that which he had written with his own hand, but the word ἔγραψα egrapsa, says Rosenmuller, refers rather to what he had written, than to that which he intended to write. On this verse, the reader may consult with advantage, Tholuck on the Life and Writings of Paul: German Selections, by Edwards and Park, Andover, 1839, pp. 35, 64, 65.
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Traduzione in sospeso · Originale ingleseGalatians 6:12
As many as desire to make a fair show in the flesh - To be distinguished for their conformity to external rites and customs. To be known for their zeal in this cause. They sought to show their zeal by making converts, and by inducing others also to conform to those customs. Paul here refers, doubtless, to the Jewish teachers, and he says that their main object was to evince their zeal in the observance of rites and ceremonies.
They constrain you - You who are Gentiles. They insist on circumcision as indispensable to salvation.
Only lest they should suffer persecution - It is not from any true love for the cause of religion. It is, that they may avoid persecution from the Jews. If they should renounce the doctrine which taught that circumcision was indispensable, they would be exposed to the rage of the Jews, and would suffer persecution. Rather than do this, they make a show of great, zeal in inducing others to be circumcised.
For the cross of Christ - From attachment to the cause of a crucified Saviour. If they insisted on entire dependence on the merits of his blood, and renounced all dependence on rites and ceremonies, they would suffer persecution. This verse shows the true cause of the zeal which the Judaizing teachers evinced. It was the fear of persecution. It was the want of independence and boldness in maintaining the doctrine that people were to be saved only by the merits of the Lord Jesus. By attempting to blend together the doctrines of Judaism and Christianity; by maintaining that the observance of the Jewish rites was necessary, and yet that Jesus was the Messiah, they endeavored to keep in with both parties; and thus to escape the opposition of the Jews. It was an unhallowed compromise It was an attempt to blend things together which could not be united. One must really displace the other. If people depended on the rites of Moses, they had no need of dependence on the Messiah; if they professed to depend on him, then to rely on anything else was in fact to disown and reject him. Embracing the one system was in fact renouncing the other. Such is the argument of Paul; and such his solemn remonstrance against embracing any doctrine which would obscure the glory of simple dependence on the cross of Christ.
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Traduzione in sospeso · Originale ingleseGalatians 6:13
For neither they themselves who are circumcised - The Jewish teachers, or perhaps all Jews. It was true in general that the Jews did not wholly and entirely obey the Law of Moses, but it is probable that the apostle refers particularly here to the judaizing teachers in Galatia.
Keep the law - The Law of Moses, or the Law of God. Paul's idea is, that if they were circumcised they brought themselves under obligation to keep the whole law of God; see the note at Galatians 5:3. But they did not do it.
(1) no person perfectly observes the whole law of God.
(2) the Jewish nation as such were very far from doing it.
(3) it is probable that these persons did not pretend even to keep the whole Law of Moses.
Paul insists on it that if they were circumcised, and depended on that for salvation, they were under obligation to keep the whole law. But they did not. Probably they did not offer sacrifice, or join in any of the numerous observances of the Jewish nation, except some of the more prominent, such as circumcision. This, says Paul, is inconsistent in the highest degree; and they thus show their insincerity and hypocrisy.
That they may glory in your flesh - In having you as converts, and in persuading you to be circumcised, that they may show their zeal for the Law, and thus escape persecution. The phrase "in your flesh" here, is equivalent to "in your circumcision;" making use of your circumcision to promote their own importance, and to save themselves from persecution.
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Traduzione in sospeso · Originale ingleseGalatians 6:14
But God forbid - See the note at Romans 3:4. "For me it is not to glory except in the cross of Christ." The object of Paul here is evidently to place himself in contrast with the judaizing teachers, and to show his determined purpose to glory in nothing else but the cross of Christ. Well they knew that he had as much occasion for glorying in the things pertaining to the flesh, or in the observance of external rites and customs, as any of them. He had been circumcised. He had had all the advantages of accurate training in the knowledge of the Jewish law. He had entered on life with uncommon advantages. He had evinced a zeal that was not surpassed by any of them; and his life, so far as conformity to the religion in which he had been trained was concerned, was blameless; Philippians 3:4-8. This must have been to a great extent known to the Galatians; and by placing his own conduct in strong contrast with that of the Judaizing teachers, and showing that he had no ground of confidence in himself, he designed to bring back the minds of the Galatians to simple dependence on the cross.
That I should glory - That I should boast; or that I should rely on any thing else. Others glory in their conformity to the laws of Moses; others in their zeal, or their talents, or their learning, or their orthodoxy; others in their wealth, or their accomplishments; others in their family alliances, and their birth; but the supreme boast and glorying of a Christian is in the cross of Christ.
In the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ - In Jesus the crucified Messiah. It is a subject of rejoicing and glorying that we have such a Saviour. The world looked upon him with contempt; and the cross was a stumbling-block to the Jew, and folly to the Greek. Notes, 1 Corinthians 1:23. But to the Christian, that cross is the subject of glorying. It is so because:
(1) Of the love of him who suffered there;
(2) Of the purity and holiness of his character, for the innocent died there for the guilty;
(3) Of the honor there put on the Law of God by his dying to maintain it unsullied;
(4) Of the reconciliation there made for sin, accomplishing what could be done by no other oblation, and by no power of man;
(5) Of the pardon there procured for the guilty;
(6) Of the fact that through it we become dead to the world, and are made alive to God;
(7) Of the support and consolation which goes from that cross to sustain us in trial; and,
(8) Of the fact that it procured for us admission into heaven, a title to the world of glory. All is glory around the cross.
It was a glorious Saviour who died; it was glorious love that led him to die; it was a glorious object to redeem a world; and is is unspeakable glory to which he will raise lost and ruined sinners by his death. O who would not glory in such a Saviour! Compared with this, what trifles are all the objects in which people usually boast! And what a lesson is here furnished to the true Christian! Let us not boast of our wealth. It will soon leave us, or we shall be taken from it, and it can aid us little in the great matters that are before us. It will not ward off disease; it will not enable us to bear pain; it will not smooth the couch of death; it will not save the soul. Let us not glory in our strength, for it will soon fail; in our beauty, for we shall soon be undistinguished in the corruptions of the tomb; in our accomplishments, for they will not save us; in our learning, for it is not that by which we can be brought to heaven. But let us glory that we have for a Saviour the eternal Son of God - that glorious Being who was adored by the inhabitants of heaven; who made the worlds; who is pure, and lovely, and most holy; and who has undertaken our cause and died to save us. I desire no higher honor than to be saved by the Son of God. It is the exaltation of my nature, and shows me more than anything else its true dignity, that one so great and glorious sought my redemption. That cannot be an object of temporary value which he sought by coming from heaven, and if there is any object of real magnitude in this world, it is the soul which the eternal Son of God died to redeem.
By whom the world is crucified unto me ... - See the notes at Galatians 2:20.
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Traduzione in sospeso · Originale ingleseGalatians 6:15
For in Christ Jesus - In his religion; see the note at Galatians 5:6.
But a new creature - The fact that a man is created anew, or born again, constitutes the real difference between him and other people. This is what Christ requires; this is the distinction which he designs to make. It is not by conformity to certain rites and customs that a man is to be accepted; it is not by elevated rank, or by wealth, or beauty, or blood; it is not by the color of the complexion; but the grand inquiry is, whether a man is born again, and is in fact a new creature in Christ Jesus; see the note at 2 Corinthians 5:17, for an explanation of the phrase "a new creature."
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Traduzione in sospeso · Originale ingleseGalatians 6:16
And as many as walk - As many as live, for so the word walk is used in the Scriptures. According to this rule. Greek: "This canon"; see the word explained in the notes at 2 Corinthians 10:13.
Peace be on them - See the note at Romans 15:33.
And upon the Israel of God - The true church of God; all who are his true worshippers; see the note at Romans 2:28-29; Romans 9:6, note.
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Traduzione in sospeso · Originale ingleseGalatians 6:17
From henceforth - For the remaining time; that is, during the remainder of my life.
Let no man trouble me - This implies that he had had trouble of some kind, and he earnestly desires that he may have no more. What particular trouble he here refers to, is not certainly known, and commentators have not been agreed. It seems to me that the connection requires us to understand it of the molestation which he had in regard to his call to the apostolic office, and his authority to explain and defend the religion of the Redeemer. This had been one principal subject of this Epistle. His authority had been called in question. He had felt it necessary to go into a vindication of it. His instructions had been departed from on the ground that he was not one of the original apostles, and that he differed from others; see Galatians 1:11. Hence, all the anxiety and trouble which he had had in regard to their departure from the doctrines which he had taught them. He closes the whole subject of the Epistle by this tender and affecting language, the sense of which has been well expressed by Crellius: "I have shown my apostolic authority, and proved that I am commisioned by the Lord Jesus. I have stated and vindicated the great doctrine of justification by faith, and shown that the Mosaic law is not necessarily binding. On these points may I have no more trouble. I have enough for my nature to bear of other kinds. I bear in my body the impressive proofs that I am an apostle, and the sufferings that require all my fortitude to sustain them." These marks, received in the service of the Lord Jesus, and so strongly resembling those which he himself received, prove that I am truly engaged in his cause, and am commissioned by him. These wounds and sorrows are so many, that I have need of the kindness and prayers of Christians rather than to be compelled to vindicate myself, and to rebuke them for their own wanderings."
For I bear in my body the marks of the Lord Jesus - The word here rendered "marks" (στίγματα stigmata), means properly the marks or brands which are pricked or burnt in upon the body. So slaves were sometimes branded by their masters to prevent their escape; and so devotees to an idol god sometimes caused to be impressed on themselves the name or image of the divinity which they adored. Herodotus (ii. 113) mentions a temple of Hercules in Egypt, in which if any slave took refuge, and had the sacred brands or marks impressed on him (στίγματα stigmata), he thereby devoted himself to the god, and it was not lawful for anyone to injure him. Many have supposed that Paul here says, in allusion to such a custom, that he had the name of the Redeemer impressed on his body, and that he regarded himself as devoted to him and his cause. It seems to me that by these marks or brands he refers to the weals which he had received in his body; the marks of stripes and sufferings which he endured in the service of the Redeemer. Compare 2 Corinthians 11:24-25.
He had repeatedly been scourged. He bore the marks of that on his person now. They were the evidences that he was devoted to the Saviour. He had received them in his cause; and they were the proofs that he belonged to the Lord Jesus. He had suffered for him, and had suffered much. Having thus suffered, and having thus the evidence that he belonged to the Saviour, and having by his sufferings given ample proof of that to others, he asks to be freed from further molestation. Some had in their body the marks of circumcision, the evidence that they were disciples of the Law of Moses; others had perhaps in their persons the image and name of an idol to which they were devoted; but the marks which he bore were the weals which he had received by being again and again whipped publicly in the cause of the Redeemer. To that Redeemer, therefore, he felt himself united, and from that attachment he would not allow himself to be diverted.
How often has an old soldier shown his scars with pride and exultation as a proof of his attachment to his country! Numerous scars; the loss of an arm, an eye, or a leg, are thus the much valued and vaunted pledges of attachment to liberty, and a passport to the confidence of every man who loves his country. "I prize this wound," said Lafayette, when struck in the foot by a musket ball at Germantown, "as among the most valued of my honors." So Paul felt in regard to the scourges which he had received in the cause of the Lord Jesus. They were his boast and his glory; the pledge that he had been engaged in the cause of the Saviour, and a passport to all who loved the Son of God. Christians now are not subjected to such stripes and scourings. But let us have some marks of our attachment to the Lord Jesus. By a holy life; by self-denial; by subdued animal affections; by zeal in the cause of truth; by an imitation of the Lord Jesus; and by the marks of suffering in our body, if we should be called to it, let us have some evidence that we are his, and be able to say, when we look on death and eternity, "we bear with us the evidence that we belong to the Son of God." To us that will be of more value than any ribbon or star indicating elevated rank; more valuable than a ducal coronet; more valuable than the brightest jewel that ever sparkled on the brow of royalty.
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Traduzione in sospeso · Originale ingleseGalatians 6:18
Brethren, the grace ... - See the note at Romans 16:20.
本章は全体として、愛情あふれる勧告と、ガラテヤのキリスト者たちに対する使徒の切実な心遣いの表現とから成る。彼は、強い誘惑の力によって誤った道に導かれた者がいれば、その人を徳の道へ連れ戻すよう勧める(Galatians 6:1)。互いの重荷を負い合い、そうして自分たちがキリストの真の友人であり、キリストの律法に治められていることを示すよう、彼らに懇願する(Galatians 6:2)。高慢に高められないこと、また自分の持っている物に過大な評価を与えないことを求め、彼らの真の評価は自分の行いの性格から形作られるべきであることを保証する(Galatians 6:3-5)。彼らの公の教師たち、すなわち福音の説教者たちの必要に仕えるよう勧める(Galatians 6:6)。Galatians 6:7-10では、すべての人が試みられる厳粛なさばきの日を思い起こさせ、人はその行いに従ってさばかれ報いられることを保証し、善を行うことに疲れてはならず、時が来れば刈り取るという確信をもって、善を行う業に忍耐強く労し続けるよう懇願する。
Galatians 6:11において彼は、自分にとって例外的なこと、おそらく他のいかなる場合にもしなかったこと――手紙全体を自筆で書いたこと――によって、彼らに対して抱いている関心を示す。次いで彼は、他の人々が彼らに割礼を受けさせたがった真の理由を述べる。それは迫害への恐れであって、宗教の大義に対する真の愛ではなかった。彼ら自身は律法を守っておらず、ただ自分たちの見解に改宗した者の数を誇りたいと望んでいたにすぎない(Galatians 6:12-13)。しかしパウロは、自分はキリストの十字架以外には何をも誇らないと言う。それによって彼は世界に対して十字架につけられ、世界も彼に対して十字架につけられたのであり(Galatians 6:14)、キリスト教においては割礼も無割礼も少しも重要ではないという厳粛な保証を繰り返す(Galatians 6:15)。これが生き方の真の規準であり、この原則にしたがって歩むすべての者の上に神の祝福を祈る(Galatians 6:16)。手紙の結びとして、これ以上自分を悩ませないよう懇願する。彼はすでに、主イエスの大義のために受けた証印、すなわち苦しみを自分の身に帯びていた。彼の試練はすでに十分であった。それゆえ将来の苦しめから自分を免れるよう懇願し(Galatians 6:17)、祝福のことばをもって閉じる(Galatians 6:18)。