Commentario del capitolo
1 Kings Capitolo 17
1
1Ki 17:1-7.
简体中文
Originale inglese
1Ki 17:1-7.
ELIJAH, PROPHESYING AGAINST AHAB, IS SENT TO CHERITH.
1. Elijah the Tishbite--This prophet is introduced as abruptly as Melchisedek--his birth, parents, and call to the prophetic office being alike unrecorded. He is supposed to be called the Tishbite from Tisbeh, a place east of Jordan.
who was of the inhabitants of Gilead--or residents of Gilead, implying that he was not an Israelite, but an Ishmaelite, as MICHAELIS conjectures, for there were many of that race on the confines of Gilead. The employment of a Gentile as an extraordinary minister might be to rebuke and shame the apostate people of Israel.
said unto Ahab--The prophet appears to have been warning this apostate king how fatal both to himself and people would be the reckless course he was pursuing. The failure of Elijah's efforts to make an impression on the obstinate heart of Ahab is shown by the penal prediction uttered at parting.
before whom I stand--that is, whom I serve
(De 18:5).
there shall not be dew nor rain these years--not absolutely; but the dew and the rain would not fall in the usual and necessary quantities. Such a suspension of moisture was sufficient to answer the corrective purposes of God, while an absolute drought would have converted the whole country into an uninhabitable waste.
but according to my word--not uttered in spite, vengeance, or caprice, but as the minister of God. The impending calamity was in answer to his earnest prayer, and a chastisement intended for the spiritual revival of Israel. Drought was the threatened punishment of national idolatry
(De 11:16, 17; 28:23).
2
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简体中文
2、3. 耶和华的话临到他说:你离开这里,转而向东云云——王起初或许斥责这预言不过是狂妄之徒的胡言;但当他发现干旱果然持续且日益严重,便四处寻索以利亚。以利亚既需要远离王的暴行或纠缠,神就指示他退到一个隐居之处,或许是「约旦河东」基立溪旁的一个洞穴。传统认为那地在伯珊渡口下方不远处的一条小冬汛溪流。
Originale inglese
2, 3. the word of the Lord came unto him, saying, Get thee hence, and turn thee eastward, &c.--At first the king may have spurned the prediction as the utterance of a vain enthusiast; but when he found the drought did last and increase in severity, he sought Elijah, who, as it was necessary that he should be far removed from either the violence or the importunities of the king, was divinely directed to repair to a place of retreat, perhaps a cave on "the brook Cherith, that is, before [east of] Jordan." Tradition points it out in a small winter torrent, a little below the ford at Beth-shan.
6
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简体中文
6. 乌鸦给他叼来饼——这样不洁又贪婪的鸟竟被用来供给先知食物,许多人觉得太过离奇,便设法证明我们的译本中译作「乌鸦」的 Orebim,其实正如该词在
(Eze 27:27)
中所用的「商人」之意;或作阿拉伯人
(2Ch 21:16; Ne 4:7);
或作靠近伯珊之亚拉巴城的居民
(Jos 15:6; 18:18)。
但我们认为,通行的译法比这些臆测更为可取。倘若以利亚确系由乌鸦以神奇方式喂养,那么追问它们从何处得到饼和肉便属多余,因为神会指引它们。过了一年,溪水干了,这对以利亚的信心又是一次新的考验。
Originale inglese
6. the ravens brought him bread--The idea of such unclean and voracious birds being employed to feed the prophet has appeared to many so strange that they have labored to make out the Orebim, which in our version has been rendered "ravens," to be as the word is used (in
Eze 27:27)
"merchants"; or Arabians
(2Ch 21:16; Ne 4:7);
or, the citizens of Arabah, near Beth-shan
(Jos 15:6; 18:18).
But the common rendering is, in our opinion, preferable to these conjectures. And, if Elijah was miraculously fed by ravens, it is idle to inquire where they found the bread and the flesh, for God would direct them. After the lapse of a year, the brook dried up, and this was a new trial to Elijah's faith.
8
1Ki 17:8-16.
简体中文
1Ki 17:8-16.
他被遣往撒勒法的寡妇那里
8-16. 耶和华的话临到他说——撒勒法(Sarepta),即今日的苏拉芬德(Surafend),是他受指示要去的地方,远在巴勒斯坦西海岸,西顿以南约九英里,在耶洗别那不敬虔之父的领地之内,那里同样有饥荒。他在进城之时,恰好遇见神护理所指定来供养他的那位妇人,他的信心却受到严厉的考验,因为他从她口中得知她的粮食已经用尽,正为自己和儿子预备最后一顿饭。神的灵既感动他有所求,又感动她有所给,她便得了先知的赏赐
(Mt 10:41, 42);
因她给他这一顿饭,神便以奇迹增添她那点微薄的存粮,供给了她许多顿。
Originale inglese
1Ki 17:8-16.
HE IS SENT TO A WIDOW OF ZAREPHATH.
8-16. the word of the Lord came to him--Zarephath, Sarepta, now Surafend, whither he was directed to go, was far away on the western coast of Palestine, about nine miles south of Sidon, and within the dominions of Jezebel's impious father, where the famine also prevailed. Meeting, at his entrance into the town, the very woman who was appointed by divine providence to support him, his faith was severely tested by learning from her that her supplies were exhausted and that she was preparing her last meal for herself and son. The Spirit of God having prompted him to ask, and her to grant, some necessary succor, she received a prophet's reward
(Mt 10:41, 42),
and for the one meal afforded to him, God, by a miraculous increase of the little stock, afforded many to her.
17
1Ki 17:17-24.
简体中文
1Ki 17:17-24.
他使她的儿子复活
17-24. 这妇人,就是这家主母的儿子,病了——一场严重的家庭灾难似乎使她以为,神既因先知的缘故将天向有罪之地闭塞,她也因同样的缘故受苦。先知没有回答她苦毒的责难,只把孩子抱过来,放在自己床上,经过极恳切的祷告之后,喜见孩子复苏,寡妇的心和家也因此重得喜乐。先知被差到这位寡妇这里,不仅是为了他自身的安全,也是因她的信;为坚固和培养这信,他受指示到她那里,而不是到以色列许多寡妇那里——那些寡妇也会乐意照同样的特权、免于这难熬的饥荒而接待他。她身体需要的解救,成了供应她属灵需要的预备手段,并藉着先知的教导,使她和她的儿子对神有了清楚的认识,对祂的话有了坚定的信心
(Lu 4:25)。
Originale inglese
1Ki 17:17-24.
HE RAISES HER SON TO LIFE.
17-24. the son of the woman, the mistress of the house, fell sick--A severe domestic calamity seems to have led her to think that, as God had shut up heaven upon a sinful land in consequence of the prophet, she was suffering on a similar account. Without answering her bitter upbraiding, the prophet takes the child, lays it on his bed, and after a very earnest prayer, had the happiness of seeing its restoration, and along with it, gladness to the widow's heart and home. The prophet was sent to this widow, not merely for his own security, but on account of her faith, to strengthen and promote which he was directed to go to her rather than to many widows in Israel, who would have eagerly received him on the same privileged terms of exception from the grinding famine. The relief of her bodily necessities became the preparatory means of supplying her spiritual wants, and bringing her and her son, through the teachings of the prophet, to a clear knowledge of God, and a firm faith in His word
(Lu 4:25).
1Ki 17:1-7.
以利亚预言攻击亚哈,被遣往基立
1. 基列的提斯比人以利亚——这位先知出现的突兀,正如麦基洗德一样——他的出生、父母和蒙召为先知,都同样没有记载。他被称为提斯比人,大概是因为约旦河东的提斯比(Tisbeh)。
是基列的居民——或作「基列的寄居者」,暗示他并非以色列人,而是以实玛利人,如 MICHAELIS 所推测,因为基列边境有许多该种族的人。使用一个外邦人作非同寻常的使者,或许是为了责备并使背道的以色列民知耻。
对亚哈说——这位先知似乎一直在警告这位背道的君王,他所行的鲁莽之路对他本人和百姓将有何等致命的后果。以利亚努力要在亚哈顽梗的心上留下印象却归于失败,这一点从临别时所说的刑罚预言中可见一斑。
我所侍立的——即我所事奉的
(De 18:5)。
这几年必不降露也不下雨——并非绝对如此;而是露水和雨水不会按平常必要的份量降下。这样的水分供应已足以达成神管教的目的,而绝对的干旱则会把全国变成不可居住的荒野。
乃照我的话——并非出于怨恨、报复或任性,而是作为神的使者说出。这即将来临的灾祸,是应他恳切的祷告而临到的,是为以色列属灵复兴而设的惩治。干旱原是国家拜偶像所受的威胁之刑
(De 11:16, 17; 28:23)。