Commentario del capitolo
1 Kings Capitolo 19
1
1Ki 19:1-3.
简体中文
Originale inglese
1Ki 19:1-3.
ELIJAH FLEES TO BEER-SHEBA.
3
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简体中文
3. 他起来,为性命逃命——他满怀希望进入耶斯列。但那恼怒而硬心的王后差人传来消息,誓言要为她被杀的祭司速速报仇,这便驱散了他对未来一切美好的憧憬。然而,按照百姓当时的心境,她大概也不敢对耶和华的仆人下手施暴,故特以威吓来达到目的,因为她所能做的也不过如此。这威吓产生了预期的效果,因为他的信心忽然失败了。他逃出该国,到了犹大版图最南端;甚至在那里他也不以为安全,于是辞退了仆人,决意往西奈山的深山中寻求避难,并在那里求死
(Jas 5:17)。
这种突然而异常的心志消沉,源于迦密山所行的神迹以及百姓在那里所表现的态度给他注入了过大的自信。他若坚定不移,亚哈和百姓一般心理所受的感动本可结出善果。但他「所得的启示甚大」
(2Co 12:7-9),
被任凭独处时,这位大先知非但没有显出殉道者不屈不挠的精神,反倒逃离了他的职责岗位。
Originale inglese
3. he arose, and went for his life--He entered Jezreel full of hope. But a message from the incensed and hard-hearted queen, vowing speedy vengeance for her slaughtered priests, dispelled all his bright visions of the future. It is probable, however, that in the present temper of the people, even she would not have dared to lay violent hands on the Lord's servant, and purposely threatened him because she could do no more. The threat produced the intended effect, for his faith suddenly failed him. He fled out of the kingdom into the southernmost part of the territories in Judah; nor did he deem himself safe even there, but, dismissing his servant, he resolved to seek refuge among the mountain recesses of Sinai, and there longed for death
(Jas 5:17).
This sudden and extraordinary depression of mind arose from too great confidence inspired by the miracles wrought at Carmel, and by the disposition the people evinced there. Had he remained steadfast and immovable, the impression on the mind of Ahab and the people generally might have been followed by good results. But he had been exalted above measure
(2Co 12:7-9),
and being left to himself, the great prophet, instead of showing the indomitable spirit of a martyr, fled from his post of duty.
4
1Ki 19:4-18.
简体中文
1Ki 19:4-18.
天使使他得安慰
4-18. 在旷野走了一天的路程——在从别是巴往何烈去的路上——那是一片广阔的沙丘地带,长满罗腾树(retem,不是桧树,而是金雀花灌木),它那高大伸展的枝条配上白色的叶子,提供了十分怡人而清凉的荫蔽。他恩慈的神并未忘记这位逃亡的仆人,却看顾他,以神奇的方式供给他的需要,使他靠着那超然的供应,虽然心志有所改善却仍非完全,得以走完他打算走的路程。在西奈的孤寂中,神向他显现以教导他。「以利亚啊,你在这里做什么?」这质问十分严厉,是针对一位蒙召承担如此艰巨而迫切之使命的人而发的。借着一次可畏的神能彰显,他认出了对他说话的神;他的注意力被抓住,他的急躁被止息,他的心被触动,并被吩咐立即返回以色列地,在那里推进主的工作。为要使他确信拜偶像的国家必不至免罚,神委派他膏立三个人,他们在神的护理中注定要为神与以色列民的争辩复仇。「膏立」与「设立」是同义的
(Jud 9:8),
虽然三人之中只有耶户头上被浇了膏油,这词却适用于他们全部。这三人注定都成为消灭拜偶像者的重要工具,只是方式各有不同。但在这三项使命中,以利亚只亲自执行了一项,即呼召以利沙作他的助手和继任者
[1Ki 19:19],
其余两项则由以利沙完成
(2Ki 8:7-13; 9:1-10)。
神既如此满足了这位虽有错失却真诚敬虔的先知的火热热心,便进而纠正以利亚一直存有的错误印象——以为全地只有他一人持守真宗教;因为那在暗中察看、认识一切属自己之人的神,知道还有七千人,是未曾向巴力「亲嘴」(原文作「亲手」)的。
Originale inglese
1Ki 19:4-18.
HE IS COMFORTED BY AN ANGEL.
4-18. went a day's journey into the wilderness--on the way from Beer-sheba to Horeb--a wide expanse of sand hills, covered with the retem (not juniper, but broom shrubs), whose tall and spreading branches, with their white leaves, afford a very cheering and refreshing shade. His gracious God did not lose sight of His fugitive servant, but watched over him, and, miraculously ministering to his wants, enabled him, in a better but not wholly right frame of mind, by virtue of that supernatural supply, to complete his contemplated journey. In the solitude of Sinai, God appeared to instruct him. "What doest thou here, Elijah?" was a searching question addressed to one who had been called to so arduous and urgent a mission as his. By an awful exhibition of divine power, he was made aware of the divine speaker who addressed him; his attention was arrested, his petulance was silenced, his heart was touched, and he was bid without delay return to the land of Israel, and prosecute the Lord's work there. To convince him that an idolatrous nation will not be unpunished, He commissions him to anoint three persons who were destined in Providence to avenge God's controversy with the people of Israel. Anointing is used synonymously with appointment
(Jud 9:8),
and is applied to all named, although Jehu alone had the consecrated oil poured over his head. They were all three destined to be eminent instruments in achieving the destruction of idolaters, though in different ways. But of the three commissions, Elijah personally executed only one; namely, the call of Elisha to be his assistant and successor
[1Ki 19:19],
and by him the other two were accomplished
(2Ki 8:7-13; 9:1-10).
Having thus satisfied the fiery zeal of the erring but sincere and pious prophet, the Lord proceeded to correct the erroneous impression under which Elijah had been laboring, of his being the sole adherent of the true religion in the land; for God, who seeth in secret, and knew all that were His, knew that there were seven thousand persons who had not done homage (literally, "kissed the hand") to Baal.
16
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简体中文
16. 亚伯米何拉——即「跳舞的草场」,在约旦河谷。
Originale inglese
16. Abel-meholah--that is, "the meadow of dancing," in the valley of the Jordan.
19
1Ki 19:19-21.
简体中文
1Ki 19:19-21.
以利沙跟随以利亚
19. 沙法的儿子以利沙——他极可能出身于一个以敬虔著称、并反对盛行的牛犊敬拜的家族。
套着十二对牛耕地——表明他是个殷实的人。
以利亚……将自己的外衣搭在他身上——这是授予先知职分的仪式。东方的婆罗门、波斯苏非派及其他祭司或圣职人员的任命,正是如此——由某位显赫的祭司将一件外衣披在他们肩上。以利沙大概曾在先知学校受过教育。
Originale inglese
1Ki 19:19-21.
ELISHA FOLLOWS ELIJAH.
19. Elisha the son of Shaphat--Most probably he belonged to a family distinguished for piety, and for their opposition to the prevailing calf-worship.
ploughing with twelve yoke of oxen--indicating that he was a man of substance.
Elijah . . . cast his mantle upon him--This was an investiture with the prophetic office. It is in this way that the Brahmins, the Persian Sufis, and other priestly or sacred characters in the East are appointed--a mantle being, by some eminent priest, thrown across their shoulders. Elisha had probably been educated in the schools of the prophets.
20
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简体中文
20. 我向你作了什么?——即你去吧,但要记住我刚才在你身上所行的庄严仪式。不是我叫你,乃是神叫你。不要让任何属地之情阻碍你顺从祂的呼召。
Originale inglese
20. what have I done to thee?--that is, Go, but keep in mind the solemn ceremony I have just performed on thee. It is not I, but God, who calls thee. Do not allow any earthly affection to detain you from obeying His call.
21
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简体中文
21. 宰了一对牛——他急忙为家人和朋友预备了
(2Sa 24:22)
告别宴席,然后离开故乡,跟随以利亚作他的仆人。
Originale inglese
21. took a yoke of oxen--Having hastily prepared
(2Sa 24:22)
a farewell entertainment to his family and friends, he left his native place and attached himself to Elijah as his minister.
1Ki 19:1-3.
以利亚逃往别是巴