Commentario del capitolo
Genesis Capitolo 47
1
Ge 47:1-31.
日本語
Originale inglese
Ge 47:1-31.
JOSEPH'S PRESENTATION AT COURT.
1. Joseph . . . told Pharaoh, My father and my brethren--Joseph furnishes a beautiful example of a man who could bear equally well the extremes of prosperity and adversity. High as he was, he did not forget that he had a superior. Dearly as he loved his father and anxiously as he desired to provide for the whole family, he would not go into the arrangements he had planned for their stay in Goshen until he had obtained the sanction of his royal master.
2
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日本語
2. 弟たちのうち数人を連れて行った——おそらく上の五人の兄たち。年長順が選択において最も非難されにくい原則だからである。
Originale inglese
2. he took some of his brethren--probably the five eldest brothers: seniority being the least invidious principle of selection.
4
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日本語
4. われわれはこの国に寄留するために来たのです——王との会話は、ヨセフが予期したとおりの経過をたどった
(Ge 46:33)。
彼らは以前の指示に従って答えた。しかし、カナンに戻るという決意において、彼らが皆、あるいはほとんどが、宗教的な人となったことを示す信仰と敬虔を表していた。
Originale inglese
4. For to sojourn . . . are we come--The royal conversation took the course which Joseph had anticipated
(Ge 46:33),
and they answered according to previous instructions--manifesting, however, in their determination to return to Canaan, a faith and piety which affords a hopeful symptom of their having become all, or most of them, religious men.
7
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日本語
7. ヨセフは父ヤコブを連れてきた——この王室との面会には、痛ましく、最も感動的な関心が伴う。そして神の人としてのすべての素朴さと尊厳ある厳粛さをもって、ヤコブが王の頭に神の祝福を祈り求めることで入場を際立たせたとき、その場面がどれほど印象的な感銘を与えたかを想像するのは容易である
(Heb 7:7 参照)。
Originale inglese
7. Joseph brought in Jacob his father--There is a pathetic and most affecting interest attending this interview with royalty; and when, with all the simplicity and dignified solemnity of a man of God, Jacob signalized his entrance by imploring the divine blessing on the royal head, it may easily be imagined what a striking impression the scene would produce (compare
Heb 7:7).
8
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日本語
8. パロはヤコブに言った、あなたの年はいくつですか——この問いは、老族長の出現がパロとその宮廷の人々の心に起こした深く印象的な関心から出された。低地にあるエジプトの地とその社会の人工的な習慣から、その国の住民の寿命は、カナンの純粋で刺激的な気候と素朴な山岳民の間ですでに達していたものよりはるかに短かった。少なくともヘブル人はなお長寿を達成していた。
Originale inglese
8. Pharaoh said unto Jacob, How old art thou?--The question was put from the deep and impressive interest which the appearance of the old patriarch had created in the minds of Pharaoh and his court. In the low-lying land of Egypt and from the artificial habits of its society, the age of man was far shorter among the inhabitants of that country than it had yet become in the pure bracing climate and among the simple mountaineers of Canaan. The Hebrews, at least, still attained a protracted longevity.
9
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日本語
9. わたしの巡礼の日々はほか——百三十年であったが、彼は日数で数え
(Ps 90:12 参照)、
回顧すると 短い と呼び、その生涯がほぼ途切れることのない苦難の連続であったため 悪い と呼んだ。族長時代の比較的暗さを考えると、この答えは注目すべきである
(2Ti 1:10 参照)。
Originale inglese
9. The days of the years of my pilgrimage, &c.--Though a hundred thirty years, he reckons by days (compare
Ps 90:12),
which he calls few, as they appeared in retrospect, and evil, because his life had been one almost unbroken series of trouble. The answer is remarkable, considering the comparative darkness of the patriarchal age (compare
2Ti 1:10).
11
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日本語
11. ヨセフは父と兄弟たちを置いた……その地の最も良い所に——下エジプトの最良の 牧草地。ゴシェン、「緑の地」はナイルのペルシアック、すなわち東の支流に沿って広がっていた。そこにはヘリオポリス、すなわち「オン」という首都のある地域の一部が含まれ、東には砂漠に向かってかなりの長さにわたって延びていた。これらの境界内に含まれる土地は、豊かで肥沃な天然の牧草地の広がりであり、ヘブルの牧夫たちの目的に最適であった
(Ge 49:24; Ps 34:10; 78:72 参照)。
Originale inglese
11. Joseph placed his father and his brethren . . . in the best of the land--best pasture land in lower Egypt. Goshen, "the land of verdure," lay along the Pelusiac or eastern branch of the Nile. It included a part of the district of Heliopolis, or "On," the capital, and on the east stretched out a considerable length into the desert. The ground included within these boundaries was a rich and fertile extent of natural meadow, and admirably adapted for the purposes of the Hebrew shepherds (compare
Ge 49:24; Ps 34:10; 78:72).
13
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日本語
13-15. 全地にパンがなかった——これはおそらくききんの第二年のことである
(Ge 45:6)、
個人や家族の小さな蓄えが尽き、民が普遍的に政府に依存するようになった時。最初彼らは支払いによって補給を得た。まもなく銀は尽きた。
Originale inglese
13-15. there was no bread in all the land--This probably refers to the second year of the famine
(Ge 45:6)
when any little stores of individuals or families were exhausted and when the people had become universally dependent on the government. At first they obtained supplies for payment. Before long money failed.
16
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日本語
16. ヨセフは言った、あなたがたの家畜をよこしなさい——「これは民と家畜の双方を保存するために採り得る最も賢明な方策であった。ヨセフによって買い取られた家畜は王室の費用で養われ、ききんの終わりにおそらく民に返されて、農業の労働を再開できるようにされたであろう」。
Originale inglese
16. And Joseph said, Give your cattle--"This was the wisest course that could be adopted for the preservation both of the people and the cattle, which, being bought by Joseph, was supported at the royal expense, and very likely returned to the people at the end of the famine, to enable them to resume their agricultural labors."
21
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日本語
21. 民については、彼は彼らを町々に移した——明らかに、何もしない農村の人々を、穀物倉のある都市へ移すための便宜であった。
Originale inglese
21. as for the people, he removed them to cities--obviously for the convenience of the country people, who were doing nothing, to the cities where the corn stores were situated.
22
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日本語
22. ただ祭司の地だけは買わなかった——これらの地は譲渡不可能であり、神殿を維持するための寄進であった。祭司自身は国から毎年食糧の支給を受けており、彼らの地が耕作不可能なときにその支給を差し控えることは、明らかに残酷の極みであったであろう。
Originale inglese
22. Only the land of the priests bought he not--These lands were inalienable, being endowments by which the temples were supported. The priests for themselves received an annual allowance of provision from the state, and it would evidently have been the height of cruelty to withhold that allowance when their lands were incapable of being tilled.
23
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日本語
23-28. ヨセフは言った、見よほか——地が政府に売られたので
(Ge 47:19, 20)、
ききん後の最初の作付けのために種が配給されることとなった。そして民は生産物地代の支払いにより随意借地人としてそれらを占めることとなった。今日のエジプトとほぼ同じ規則である。
Originale inglese
23-28. Joseph said, Behold, &c.--The lands being sold to the government
(Ge 47:19, 20),
seed would be distributed for the first crop after the famine; and the people would occupy them as tenants-at-will on the payment of a produce rent, almost the same rule as obtains in Egypt in the present day.
29
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日本語
29-31. イスラエルの死ぬべき時が近づいた——彼の臨終の取り計らいの一つだけが記録されている。しかしその一つが彼の全品性を明らかにする。それは彼の遺骸の処理であった。遺骸はカナンに運ばれることとなった。故郷の土への単なるロマンチックな愛着からでもなく、現代の子孫のように聖地の土に対する迷信的な感情からでもなく、約束への信仰からであった。エジプトの宰相としてのヨセフへの彼の語りかけ——「もしあなたの前に恵みを得たなら」——彼の願いが満たされることの厳粛な誓いの要求、およびその誓いの独特な形式は、すべて意味深く約束を指し、その祝福を楽しむことへの彼の熱意の強さを示した
(Nu 10:29 参照)。
Originale inglese
29-31. the time drew nigh that Israel must die--One only of his dying arrangements is recorded; but that one reveals his whole character. It was the disposal of his remains, which were to be carried to Canaan, not from a mere romantic attachment to his native soil, nor, like his modern descendants, from a superstitious feeling for the soil of the Holy Land, but from faith in the promises. His address to Joseph--"if now I have found grace in thy sight," that is, as the vizier of Egypt--his exacting a solemn oath that his wishes would be fulfilled and the peculiar form of that oath, all pointed significantly to the promise and showed the intensity of his desire to enjoy its blessings (compare
Nu 10:29).
31
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日本語
31. イスラエルは寝床头のかしらに拝した——東洋の寝床は単なる敷物であり、頭がなく、訳は「そのつえの先」とあるべきであり、使徒もそのように訳している
(Heb 11:21)。
Originale inglese
31. Israel bowed himself upon the bed's head--Oriental beds are mere mats, having no head, and the translation should be "the top of his staff," as the apostle renders it
(Heb 11:21).
Ge 47:1-31.
宮廷におけるヨセフの謁見。
1. ヨセフはパロに告げて言った、わたしの父とわたしの兄弟たち——ヨセフは、繁栄と逆境の両極を同じように耐え得る人の美しい模範を示している。彼は高位にありながら、自分より上位の者がいることを忘れなかった。父を深く愛し、全家族の世話を切に望んでいたが、王である主君の承認を得るまでは、彼らの滞在のために計画した取り決めに入ろうとはしなかった。