Commentario del capitolo
Ruth Capitolo 4
1
Ru 4:1-5.
简体中文
Originale inglese
Ru 4:1-5.
BOAZ CALLS INTO JUDGMENT THE NEXT KINSMAN.
1. Then went Boaz up to the gate of the city--a roofed building, unenclosed by walls; the place where, in ancient times, and in many Eastern towns still, all business transactions are made, and where, therefore, the kinsman was most likely to be found. No preliminaries were necessary in summoning one before the public assemblage; no writings and no delay were required. In a short conversation the matter was stated and arranged--probably in the morning as people went out, or at noon when they returned from the field.
2
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简体中文
2. 他从本城的长老中拣选了十人——作见证人。在寻常情形下，两三个人已足以见证一桩交易；但在重要的事上，如婚娶、休妻、产业转让等，犹太人的惯例是要有十个人
(王上 21:8)。
Originale inglese
2. he took ten men of the elders of the city--as witnesses. In ordinary circumstances, two or three were sufficient to attest a bargain; but in cases of importance, such as matrimony, divorce, conveyancing of property, it was the Jewish practice to have ten
(1Ki 21:8).
3
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3. 拿俄米……要卖一块地——即有意出卖。按她的处境，她有权将其出让
(利 25:25)。
拿俄米和路得在有生之年对这地都有权益；但这里只提拿俄米，不仅因为一切交涉都由她主持，也因为若引入路得的名字，必在第一个提议尚未答复之前，就引起必须娶她的猜疑。
Originale inglese
3. Naomi . . . selleth a parcel of land--that is, entertains the idea of selling. In her circumstances she was at liberty to part with it
(Le 25:25).
Both Naomi and Ruth had an interest in the land during their lives; but Naomi alone was mentioned, not only because she directed all the negotiations, but because the introduction of Ruth's name would awaken a suspicion of the necessity of marrying her, before the first proposition was answered.
4
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4. 除了你以外，再没有别人可以赎了；我在你以后——（见
申 25:5）。
地的赎回当然涉及与前主人遗孀路得的婚娶。
Originale inglese
4. there is none to redeem it beside thee; and I am after thee--(See on
De 25:5).
The redemption of the land of course involved a marriage with Ruth, the widow of the former owner.
6
Ru 4:6-8.
简体中文
得 4:6-8。
他拒绝赎回。
6. 那亲人说，我不能赎了……免得损伤我的产业——这后果之所以产生，其一，是因为他若由路得生子，那孩子虽作产业的继承人，却不传他的名；他的名必在她前夫的名中归于无有；其二，是因为这产业不得不分给他大概已有的其他儿女，那是他从前妻所生的。因此这权利便被放弃，转归波阿斯；波阿斯与路得联婚道路上惟一的阻碍，如今既已消除。
Originale inglese
Ru 4:6-8.
HE REFUSES THE REDEMPTION.
6. The kinsman said, I cannot redeem it . . ., lest I mar mine own inheritance--This consequence would follow, either, first, from his having a son by Ruth, who, though heir to the property, would not bear his name; his name would be extinguished in that of her former husband; or, secondly, from its having to be subdivided among his other children, which he had probably by a previous marriage. This right, therefore, was renounced and assigned in favor of Boaz, in the way of whose marriage with Ruth the only existing obstacle was now removed.
7
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7, 8. 那人脱了他的鞋——当至近的亲属不肯向亡亲的家尽本分时，寡妇便要在某些带有轻蔑羞辱的伴随仪式中，脱去他的鞋。但在此事上既无拒绝，往常的羞辱便得免；而脱鞋这惟一举行的仪式，乃是交易已告完成的凭据。
Originale inglese
7, 8. a man plucked off his shoe--Where the kinsman refused to perform his duty to the family of his deceased relation, the widow was directed to pull off the shoe with some attendant circumstances of contemptuous disdain. But, as in this case, there was no refusal, the usual ignominy was spared; and the plucking off the shoe, the only ceremony observed, was a pledge of the transaction being completed.
9
Ru 4:9-12.
简体中文
得 4:9-12。
他娶路得为妻。
9. 波阿斯对长老说，你们今日作见证，凡属……基连和玛伦的，我都从拿俄米手中买来了——虽然基连的寡妻仍然在世，但在处置她丈夫的产业时却全不顾念她。因她仍留在摩押，人便认为她或已改嫁，或已放弃与以利米勒家族同得产业的一切权利。
Originale inglese
Ru 4:9-12.
HE MARRIES RUTH.
9. Boaz said unto the elders, Ye are witnesses this day, that I have bought all that was . . . Chilion's and Mahlon's, of the hand of Naomi--Although the widow of Chilion was still living, no regard was paid to her in the disposal of her husband's property. From her remaining in Moab, she was considered to have either been married again, or to have renounced all right to an inheritance with the family of Elimelech.
10
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10. 摩押女子路得……我已经买过来作我的妻——这桩婚配波阿斯不但可以缔结，因为路得已归信了真宗教，而且他在律法上也有缔结的义务。
Originale inglese
10. Ruth the Moabitess . . . have I purchased to be my wife--This connection Boaz not only might form, since Ruth had embraced the true religion, but he was under a legal necessity of forming it.
11
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简体中文
11. 在座的百姓和长老都说，我们作见证——许多人无疑出于好奇或关切而前来观礼。没有签署任何文书；但整个事情既以公开的方式办理并了结，转让便已生效，并获得了完全的保障。
愿耶和华使进你家的这女子，像拉结、利亚一样——这是寻常的新婚祝福。
Originale inglese
11. all the people and the elders, said, We are witnesses--A multitude, doubtless from curiosity or interest, were present on the occasion. There was no signing of deeds; yet was the transfer made, and complete security given, by the public manner in which the whole matter was carried on and concluded.
the Lord make the woman that is come into thine house like Rachel and like Leah--This was the usual bridal benediction.
12
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12. 愿你的家像法勒斯的家——即像他的家那样荣耀而繁多。他是伯利恒人的先祖，他的家族是犹大支派所源出的五大家族之一。
Originale inglese
12. let thy house be like the house of Pharez--that is, as honorable and numerous as his. He was the ancestor of the Beth-lehem people, and his family one of the five from which the tribe of Judah sprang.
13
Ru 4:13-18.
简体中文
得 4:13-18。
她生俄备得。
Originale inglese
Ru 4:13-18.
SHE BEARS OBED.
17
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简体中文
17. 俄备得——意为“仆人”。
Originale inglese
17. Obed--means "servant."
18
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简体中文
18-22. 法勒斯的后代记在下面——即他的后代。这一附录表明，这本小书受默示的作者特别要达成的目的，是保存一段有趣的家庭插曲的记忆，并追溯大卫的家谱。撒门与大卫之间相隔三百八十年。显然整代的人被略去了；只记下主要的人物，而按圣经的说法，祖父可说是生了孙辈，而不列出中间的环节。
Originale inglese
18-22. these are the generations of Pharez--that is, his descendants. This appendix shows that the special object contemplated by the inspired author of this little book was to preserve the memory of an interesting domestic episode, and to trace the genealogy of David. There was an interval of three hundred eighty years between Salmon and David. It is evident that whole generations are omitted; the leading personages only are named, and grandfathers are said, in Scripture language, to beget their grandchildren, without specifying the intermediate links.
22
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罗伯特·雅米逊（Robert Jamieson）、A. R. 福塞特（A. R. Fausset）与大卫·布朗（David Brown）
《全本圣经评注与解释》（Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible）（1871）
增补、勘误及见解请寄编辑。
Originale inglese
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Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
Send Addenda, Corrigenda, and Sententiae to the editor
得 4:1-5。
波阿斯请那至近的亲属当众判断此事。
1. 波阿斯上了城门——是一座有顶盖、无围墙的建筑物；古时以及现今许多东方城镇中，一切商业交易都在此进行，因此那至近的亲属最有可能在此被找到。要把人召到公众集会面前，无需任何预备手续；不需要文书，也不容耽延。在一简短的交谈中，事情就陈述清楚并安排妥当——大概是在早晨人们外出之时，或正午他们从田间回来之时。