Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
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Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
Albert Barnes · 1834
Albert Barnes' Notes on Revelation Of St. John The Divine (New Testament, English original, public domain). Sourced from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes.
Adam Clarke · 1831
Public domain English commentary by Adam Clarke, normalized from Wikisource book pages for scripture.how. Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/clarke.
John Gill · 1763
John Gill(1697-1771), Exposition of the Old and New Testament(1746-1763). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/gill.
John Calvin · 1850
종교개혁 신학 원천 (영역본 PD, 대부분 — 전권 아님)
Matthew Poole · 1685
간결 절별 전권 개혁주의 주석
ed. H.D.M. Spence & Joseph S. Exell · 1890
전권 강해·설교·예화 풍부 (항목 대량)
Carl F. Keil, Franz Delitzsch · 1866
구약 학술 표준 — 히브리어·문헌비평·고대근동 배경
ed. Charles J. Ellicott · 1878
학술+가독 균형 전권 주석
Cambridge (다저자) · 1900
준전권 준학술 (권별 저자·연도 확인)
Marvin R. Vincent · 1887
신약 헬라어 단어 연구
A.T. Robertson · 1933
헬라어 시제·문법 해설 결정판 (KR PD / US 1931+ 권별)
ed. W. Robertson Nicoll (다저자) · 1910
헬라어 신약 학술 (권별 저자 PD 확인 필요)
Heinrich A.W. Meyer · 1880
신약 학술 정밀주해 (독일 — K&D 대응)
John Wesley · 1755
간결 실용 전권(NT 1755 / OT 1765) 웨슬리안
Joseph Benson · 1815
웨슬리안 전권 주석
Charles H. Spurgeon · 1885
시편 주석 고전 (설교 자료 풍부)
Alexander Maclaren · 1910
설교형 강해 명저 (전권, 절별 가공 필요)
B.W. Johnson · 1891
평이 절별 신약 해설 (일반신자·모바일)
Thomas Coke · 1803
감리교 전권 주석
John Trapp · 1660
청교도 전권 주석 — Henry/Gill 보완
Charles Hodge · 1860
프린스턴 조직신학 관점 신약 정밀 주석 (롬·고전후·엡)
Nebuchadnezzar besieges Jerusalem; it is taken, after having been sorely reduced by famine, etc.; and Zedekiah, endeavoring to make his escape, is made prisoner, his sons slain before his eyes; then, his eyes being put out, he is put in chains and carried to Babylon, 2 Kings 25:1-7. Nebuzar-adan burns the temple, breaks down the walls of Jerusalem, and carries away the people captives, leaving only a few to till the ground, 2 Kings 25:8-12. He takes away all the brass, and all the vessels of the temple, 2 Kings 25:13-17. Several of the chief men and nobles found in the city, he brings to Nebuchadnezzar at Riblah, who puts them all to death, 2 Kings 25:18-21. Nebuchadnezzar makes Gedaliah governor over the poor people that were left, against whom Ishmael rises, and slays him, and others with him; on which the people in general, fearing the resentment of the Chaldeans, flee to Egypt, 2 Kings 25:22-26. Evil-merodach, king of Babylon, releases Jehoiachin out of prison, treats him kindly, and makes him his friend, 2 Kings 25:27-30.
INTRODUCTION TO 2 Kings 25
In this chapter is an account of the siege, taking, and burning of the city of Jerusalem, and of the carrying captive the king and the inhabitants to Babylon, 2 Kings 25:1, as also of the pillars and vessels of the temple brought thither, 2 Kings 25:13 and of the putting to death several of the principal persons of the land, 2 Kings 25:18, and of the miserable condition of the rest under Gedaliah, whom Ishmael slew, 2 Kings 25:23, and the chapter, and so the history, is concluded with the kindness Jehoiachin met with from the king of Babylon, after thirty seven years' captivity, 2 Kings 25:27.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
王下 25:1-3.
エルサレムが再び包囲される
1. ネブカデネザルは……エルサレムに……きて——ゼデキヤの反逆に激怒したアッシリアの暴君は、ユダの裏切りやすく変わりやすい王国を終わらせることを決心した。本章は、彼が自ら指揮した第三回にして最後の侵攻を語る。その軍勢は彼の支配下にあるすべての従属国から徴兵された膨大なものであった。国の北部地方を蹂躙し、ほとんどすべての城塞都市を攻め取った後
(エレ 34:7)、 彼はエルサレムを包囲するため直接進軍した。包囲の開始と終了の日付はここで注意深く記されている(比較
Eze 24:1; エレ 39:1;52:4-6)。 それによれば、ネブカデネザルが救援に来たエジプト軍を迎え撃つために進軍したことによる短い中断はあったものの、エジプト軍は戦わずに退却し、包囲は一年半続いた。これほど長い抵抗は、ユダの兵士たちの優れた技術と勇気によるものではなく、王が過度に頼みにした都市防壁の強固さによるものであった(比較
エレ 21:1-14;37:1-38:28)。
それに対して陣を張り、……堡塁を築いた——むしろおそらく、町から出る者を防ぐための溝を持つ、周壁の囲いを設けた。この土手の上に、町の中に投擲物を投げ込むための軍事兵器が設置された。
第九年に……最後の破局が近づくにつれて、この歴史家は年代の記録をより綿密かつ正確にし、包囲が始まった日ばかりでなく終わった日についても、年だけでなく月と日を記している(2 Kings 25:3)。Ezekiel 24:1によれば、ネブカデネザルの軍勢がエルサレムの前に現れたまさにその日に、その事実はバビロニアにいたエゼキエルに啓示され、都の運命が彼に告げ知らされた(Ezekiel 24:6-14)。軍勢は最初、ユダ全土に広がったものと思われる。彼らはエルサレムに対してだけでなく、とりわけラキシュとアゼカに対して戦った(Jeremiah 34:7)。この二つは南部の町であり(2 Chronicles 11:9)、エジプトとの連絡路を維持するために強力な守備隊が置かれていたことであろう。バビロン軍がこのように分割されたことを見て、ホフラは自軍を動かし、ユダの同盟軍を救援するために進軍した(Jeremiah 37:5)。これを聞いたネブカデネザルはエルサレム前面の陣営を払って、おそらくアゼカとラキシュへ向けて進軍した。エジプト軍は尻込みして自国へ引き返し(Jeremiah 37:7; Ezekiel 17:17)、その後この戦争に加わることはなかった。ネブカデネザルはそこで軍を引き返させ、再びこの都を包囲した。(この節冒頭の日付が最初の包囲を指すのか第二の包囲を指すのかは不確実である。)
塁を築いた――おそらく移動式の塔のことであろう。それは時として破城槌を備え、包囲軍が城壁に向けて前進させ、その上の戦士たちを守る敵と同じ高さで戦えるようにするものであった。そのような塔はアッシリヤの彫刻に見ることができる。
In the ninth year of his reign - Zedekiah, having revolted against the Chaldeans, Nebuchadnezzar, wearied with his treachery, and the bad faith of the Jews, determined the total subversion of the Jewish state. Having assembled a numerous army, he entered Judea on the tenth day of the tenth month of the ninth year of the reign of Zedekiah; this, according to the computation of Archbishop Usher, was on Thursday, January 30, A.M. 3414, which was a sabbatical year: whereon the men of Jerusalem hearing that the Chaldean army was approaching, proclaimed liberty to their servants; see Jeremiah 34:8-10, according to the law, Exodus 21:2; Deuteronomy 15:1, Deuteronomy 15:2, Deuteronomy 15:12 : for Nebuchadnezzar, marching with his army against Zedekiah, having wasted all the country, and taken their strong holds, except Lachish, Azekah, and Jerusalem, came against the latter with all his forces. See Jeremiah 34:1-7. On the very day, as the same author computes, the siege and utter destruction of Jerusalem were revealed to Ezekiel the prophet, then in Chaldea, under the type of a seething pot; and his wife died in the evening, and he was charged not to mourn for her, because of the extraordinary calamity that had fallen upon the land. See Ezekiel 24:1, Ezekiel 24:2, etc.
Jeremiah, having predicted the same calamities, Jeremiah 34:1-7, was by the command of Zedekiah shut up in prison, Jeremiah 32:1-16.
Pharaoh Hophra, or Vaphris, hearing how Zedekiah was pressed, and fearing for the safety of his own dominions should the Chaldeans succeed against Jerusalem, determined to succor Zedekiah. Finding this, the Chaldeans raised the siege of Jerusalem, and went to meet the Egyptian army, which they defeated and put to flight. Joseph. Antiq., lib. 10, cap. 10. In the interim the Jews, thinking their danger was passed, reclaimed their servants, and put them again under the yoke; Jeremiah 34:8, etc.
And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign,.... Of the reign of Zedekiah king of Judah. From hence to the end of 2 Kings 25:7, the account exactly agrees with Jeremiah 52:4.
Jerusalem is besieged: Zedekiah taken; his sons slain; and his eyes put out, 2 Kings 25:1-7. Nebuzar-adan burneth Jerusalem and the temple; breaketh down the wall of the city; carrieth the remnant, except a few poor labourers, into captivity, and much treasure, 2 Kings 25:8-17; slayeth the nobles at Riblah, 2 Kings 25:18-21. Gedaliah is made governor of Judah: he is slain: the rest flee into Egypt, 2 Kings 25:22-26. Evil-merodach advanceth Jehoiachin in his court, 2 Kings 25:27-30.
To chastise Zedekiah for his rebellion and perjury, 2 Chronicles 36:13. They built forts against it round about; partly to keep all supplies of men or provisions from entering into the city; and partly that from thence they might shoot darts, or arrows, or stones into the city. See Jeremiah 52:4 Ezekiel 4:2 17:17.
ダビデの時代以来、エルサレムは名高い場所であり、その地の美しさゆえに全地の喜びであった。詩篇の書が残るかぎり、その名は偉大な響きをとどめるであろう。新約聖書においても、ここでそうであるように、それが再び滅びに向けて熟していたときのエルサレムについて多く読む。聖書の終わりには新しいエルサレムについて読む。それゆえ、エルサレムに関するすべての事がらは私たちの関心に値する。 本章には次の事が記されている。 一、カルデヤ人によるエルサレムの完全な破壊。すなわち、町は包囲されて陥落し(2Ki 25:1-4)、家々は焼かれ(2Ki 25:8,9)、城壁は破り崩され(2Ki 25:10)、住民は捕囚として連れ去られた(2Ki 25:11,12)。 エルサレムの栄光は、