Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
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Barnes' Notes on the Bible
Albert Barnes · 1834
Albert Barnes' Notes on Revelation Of St. John The Divine (New Testament, English original, public domain). Sourced from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes.
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Adam Clarke's Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Adam Clarke · 1831
Public domain English commentary by Adam Clarke, normalized from Wikisource book pages for scripture.how. Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/clarke.
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John Gill's Exposition of the Bible
John Gill · 1763
John Gill(1697-1771), Exposition of the Old and New Testament(1746-1763). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/gill.
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Calvin's Commentaries
John Calvin · 1850
종교개혁 신학 원천 (영역본 PD, 대부분 — 전권 아님)
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Matthew Poole's Annotations upon the Holy Bible
Matthew Poole · 1685
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The Pulpit Commentary
ed. H.D.M. Spence & Joseph S. Exell · 1890
전권 강해·설교·예화 풍부 (항목 대량)
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Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
Carl F. Keil, Franz Delitzsch · 1866
구약 학술 표준 — 히브리어·문헌비평·고대근동 배경
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Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
ed. Charles J. Ellicott · 1878
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Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Cambridge (다저자) · 1900
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Vincent's Word Studies in the New Testament
Marvin R. Vincent · 1887
신약 헬라어 단어 연구
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Word Pictures in the New Testament
A.T. Robertson · 1933
헬라어 시제·문법 해설 결정판 (KR PD / US 1931+ 권별)
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The Expositor's Greek Testament
ed. W. Robertson Nicoll (다저자) · 1910
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Meyer's Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament
Heinrich A.W. Meyer · 1880
신약 학술 정밀주해 (독일 — K&D 대응)
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley · 1755
간결 실용 전권(NT 1755 / OT 1765) 웨슬리안
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Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments
Joseph Benson · 1815
웨슬리안 전권 주석
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The Treasury of David
Charles H. Spurgeon · 1885
시편 주석 고전 (설교 자료 풍부)
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MacLaren's Expositions of Holy Scripture
Alexander Maclaren · 1910
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The People's New Testament
B.W. Johnson · 1891
평이 절별 신약 해설 (일반신자·모바일)
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Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible
Thomas Coke · 1803
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Trapp's Complete Commentary
John Trapp · 1660
청교도 전권 주석 — Henry/Gill 보완
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Hodge's Commentary on the New Testament
Charles Hodge · 1860
프린스턴 조직신학 관점 신약 정밀 주석 (롬·고전후·엡)
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It being determined that Paul should be sent to Rome, he is delivered to Julius, a centurion, Acts 27:1. They embark in a ship of Adramyttium, and come the next day to Sidon, Acts 27:2, Acts 27:3. They sail thence, and pass Cyprus, Cilicia, and Pamphylia, and come to Myra, Acts 27:4, Acts 27:5. They are transferred there to a ship of Alexandria going to Italy; sail past Cnidus, Crete, Salmone, and come to the Fair Havens, Acts 27:6-8. Paul predicts a disastrous voyage, Acts 27:9-11. They sail from the Fair Havens, in order to reach Crete, and winter there; but, having a comparatively favorable wind, they sail past Crete, and meet with a tempest, and are brought into extreme peril and distress, Acts 27:12-20. Paul's exhortation and prediction of the loss of the ship, Acts 27:21-26. After having been tossed about in the Adriatic Sea, for many days, they are at last shipwrecked on the island of Melita; and the whole crew, consisting of two hundred and seventy-six persons, escape safe to land, on broken fragments of the ship, vv. 27-44.
CHAPTER 27
Acts 27:2. μέλλοντι] So A B א, min. and most vss. Approved by Mill., Bengel, and Griesb., adopted by Lachm. Tisch. Born. The usual μέλλοντες is an alteration in accordance with the preceding ἐπιβάντες.
τούς] Lachm. reads εἰς τούς, following A B א, min. Other codd. have ἐπί. Different supplementary additions.
Acts 27:3. πορευθέντα] Lachm. reads πορευθέντι, following A B א, min. A hasty correction on account of ἐπέτρεψε.
Acts 27:12. κἀκεῖθεν] Lachm. and Scholz read ἐκεῖθεν, following A B G א, min. vss. Chrys. But the want of a reference of the καί in what goes before easily occasioned the omission.
Acts 27:19. ἔῤῥιψαν] Approved by Griesb., adopted by Lachm. and Born., after A B C א, min. Vulg. The Recepta is ἐῤῥίψαμεν. As this might just as easily be inserted on account of αὐτόχειρες, as ἔῤῥιψαν on account of ἐποιοῦντο, the preponderance of witnesses has alone to decide, and that in favour of ἔῤῥιψαν.
Acts 27:23. The order ταύτῃ τῇ νυκτί (Lachm. Tisch. Born., also Scholz) is decidedly attested. Ἄγγελος is to be placed, with Lachm. Tisch. Born., only after λατρεύω (A B C א, min.), and ἐγώ is to be adopted (with Lachm. and Born.) after εἰμί, on the evidence of A C* א, min. vss.; it might very easily be suppressed before ᾧ.
Acts 27:27. ἐγένετο] A, loti 68, Vulg. have ἐπεγένετο. So Tisch.; and rightly, as the very unusual compound (only again in Acts 28:13) was easily neglected by the transcribers.
According to preponderating attestation, κατά (instead of εἰς) is to be read in Acts 27:29 with Lachm. Tisch. Born.; comp. Acts 27:17; Acts 27:26; Acts 27:41.
ἐκπέσωμεν] Elz. has ἐκπέσωσιν, against decisive testimony. Alteration to suit the following ηὔχοντο.
Acts 27:33. προσλαβόμενοι] Lachm. reads προσλαμβανόμενοι, merely in accordance with A, 40. But the part. pres. is to be viewed as an alteration to suit προσδοκῶντες.
Acts 27:34. μεταλαβεῖν] Elz. has προσλαβεῖν, against preponderant testimony. From Acts 27:33.
πεσεῖται] Griesb. Lachm. Scholz, Tisch. Born. read ἀπολεῖται, which indeed has weighty attestation in its favour, but against it the strong suspicion that it was borrowed from Luke 21:18. This tells likewise against the Recepta ἐκ, instead of which ἀπό is to be read, with Lachm. Tisch. Born. It is less likely that πεσεῖται should have been taken from the LXX. 1 Kings 1:52; 1 Samuel 14:45; 2 Samuel 14:11.
Acts 27:39. ἐβουλεύσαντο] Lachm. and Born. read ἐβουλεύοντο, after B C א, min. But on account of the preceding imperfects, the imperfect here also was easily brought in; and hence is to be explained the reading (explanatory gloss) ἐβούλοντο in A, min.
Acts 27:41. τῶν κυμάτων] has in its favour C G H א** and all min. Chrys. and most vss., and is wanting only in A B א*. Deleted by Lachm. and Tisch. There is, however,—especially as with τῆς βιᾶς a definition, although not necessary, is probable,—amidst such strong attestation less a suspicion of its being a supplementary addition, than a probability that the transcribers confounded this τῶν with the τῶν of Acts 27:42 and thus overlooked τῶν κυμάτων. Besides, it would have more naturally suggested itself to a glossator to write on the margin τῆς θαλάσσ. than τ. κυμάτων, which does not again occur in the whole narrative of this voyage.
Acts 27:42. Elz. has διαφύγοι. But Griesb. Lachm. Tisch. read διαφύγῃ, which is attested, indeed, by A B C א, min., but has arisen from the usual custom of the N.T. in such combinations to put not the optative, but the subjunctive.
On the variations in the proper names in this chapter, see the exegetical remarks.
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Ac 27:1-44.
Ac 27:1-44.
イタリアへの航海――難破およびマルタでの安全上陸。
*1. われわれが航海することに……*など――「われわれ」という言葉はここで歴史家を一行のひとりとして再導入する。彼が最後に自分を含めた時
(Ac 21:18)
から使徒と離れたというのではなく、使徒は逮捕と投獄によって彼と引き離され、今、船の中で再会したのである。
パウロその他の囚人を引き渡した――ローマで裁判を受けるために送られる国家の囚人たちであり、そのような実例がいくつか記録されている。
ユリウス――終始、使徒を著しい礼儀をもって扱った
(Ac 27:3, 43; Ac 28:16)
ので、[ベンゲル]は、彼がパウロがアグリッパの前で弁明した時（参照
Ac 25:23）
に立ち会って、その高貴な態度に感銘を受けたのではないかと推測した。
アウグストの大隊の百人隊長――アウグスト隊という名誉称号はローマ軍の複数の軍団に与えられ、おそらく、必要に応じて皇帝や総督の親衛隊として働いたことを意味する。
「出航することが定まって」――フェストによって定められたのであり（Acts 25:12）、彼を送り出すのに好都合な時が来たときのことである。
「われわれが…航海する」――ここで「われわれ」という語が用いられていることは、この書の著者ルカがパウロとともにいたことを示している。彼はパウロの旅行の同伴者であり続けた。彼は訴えられてはいなかったが、それでもなおパウロに同行することが決められたのである。彼が自分の費用で行ったのか、それともローマ政府の費用で派遣されたのかは明らかでない。ここには古代諸訳の間に異読がある。シリア語訳は「こうしてフェストは、彼（パウロ）をイタリヤのカイザルのもとに送ることを定めた」などと読む。ラテン語ヴルガータとアラビヤ語訳も「われわれ」の代わりに「彼」と読む。しかしギリシャ語写本は一致しており、正しい読みは疑いなく、われわれの訳にあるものである。
「イタリヤへ」――今も同じ名を保つ国であり、ローマはその首都であった。
「ほかの数人の囚人たち」――おそらく、皇帝の前での裁判のためにローマへ送られた人々である。Lardner博士は、ユダヤや他の属州から囚人をローマへ送ることが普通であったことを証明している（Credibility, part i. chapter 10, section 10, pp. 248, 249）。
「百人隊長」――100人の指揮官である。
「アウグストの大隊の」――「大隊」という語の意味については、Matthew 27:27およびActs 10:1の注解を参照せよ。これはローマ軍における、400人から600人から成る部隊である。これはローマ皇帝アウグストを記念して「アウグストの大隊」と呼ばれ（Acts 25:21の注解を参照）、おそらく入伍あるいは選抜における注意深さによって、何らかの点で際立っていたものであろう。アウグストの大隊は、スエトニウスがその『ネロ伝』20において言及している。
And when it was determined, etc. - That is, when the governor had given orders to carry Paul to Rome, according to his appeal; together with other prisoners who were bound for the same place.
We should sail - By this it is evident that St. Luke was with Paul; and it is on this account that he was enabled to give such a circumstantial account of the voyage.
Julius, a centurion of Augustus' band - Lipsius has found the name of this cohort on an ancient marble; see Lips. in Tacit. Hist. lib. ii. The same cohort is mentioned by Suetonius, in his life of Nero, 20.
And when it was determined that we should sail into Italy,.... The chief city of which was Rome, the metropolis of the empire, where Caesar had his palace, to whom the apostle had appealed; and his voyage thither was determined by Festus, with the advice of Agrippa and his council, pursuant to the apostle's appeal, and which was founded on the will of God; all which concurred in this affair: it was the decree and will of God that the apostle should go to Rome, which was made known to him; and it was his resolution upon that, to go thither, wherefore he appealed to Caesar; and it was the determination of the Roman governor, not only as to his going there, but as to the time of it, which was now fixed: the Vulgate Latin, Syriac, and Arabic versions, read "he", instead of "we"; and the Ethiopic version reads expressly "Paul"; but the Greek copies read we: by whom are meant the apostle, and his companions; as Luke the writer of this history, and Aristarchus the Macedonian mentioned in the next verse, and Trophimus the Ephesian, who was afterwards left at Miletus sick, 2 Timothy 4:20 and who else cannot be said; these were to sail with him to Italy, not as prisoners, but as companions: this resolution being taken,
they delivered Paul and certain other prisoners; who very likely had also appealed to Caesar, or at least the governor thought fit to send them to Rome, to have their cases heard and determined there; and these by the order of Festus were delivered by the centurions, or jailers, in whose custody they had been,
unto one called Julius; in the Alexandrian copy of the third verse, he is called Julianus; he was either one of the Julian family, or rather was one that had been made free by some of that family, and so took the name:
a centurion of Augustus' band; of a Roman band of soldiers, which belonged to that legion which was called "Augusta"; for it seems there was a legion that bore that name, as Lipsius observes, and it may be from Augustus Caesar.
この章全体は、彼がカイザルに上訴したことに基づき、総督フェストによって囚人としてそこに送られたときの、ローマに向かうパウロの航海の記録に費やされている。一、航海の始まりは十分に良く、穏やかで順風であった（使徒27:1-8）。二、パウロは来る嵐について彼らに警告したが、彼らが停船するよう説得することはできなかった（使徒27:9-11）。三、彼らが航海を続けると、非常に荒れた天候に出会い、座礁する以外何も期待できないほどの極限に追い込まれた（使徒27:12-20）。四、パウロは、彼らがこの危険に入るのを防ぐために彼の助言に従わなかったとはいえ、神の良い摂理によって安全に通り抜け、だれも失われないことを彼らに確証した（使徒27:21-26）。五、ついに彼らは真夜中に一つの島に投げ出された。それはメリタであることが分かった。そして彼らは想像し得る最大の危険にあったが、水夫たちを船に留めておくためのパウロの助言によって助けられ、食事を食べ、元気を出すための彼の慰めによって励まされた（使徒27:27-36）。六、岸に着いたとき、船は難破したが、すべての人々が驚くべき仕方で守られた、彼らのいのちの間一髪の逃れ（使徒27:37-44）。