Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
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Barnes' Notes on the Bible
Albert Barnes · 1834
Albert Barnes' Notes on Revelation Of St. John The Divine (New Testament, English original, public domain). Sourced from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes.
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Adam Clarke's Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Adam Clarke · 1831
Public domain English commentary by Adam Clarke, normalized from Wikisource book pages for scripture.how. Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/clarke.
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John Gill's Exposition of the Bible
John Gill · 1763
John Gill(1697-1771), Exposition of the Old and New Testament(1746-1763). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/gill.
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Calvin's Commentaries
John Calvin · 1850
종교개혁 신학 원천 (영역본 PD, 대부분 — 전권 아님)
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Matthew Poole's Annotations upon the Holy Bible
Matthew Poole · 1685
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The Pulpit Commentary
ed. H.D.M. Spence & Joseph S. Exell · 1890
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Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
Carl F. Keil, Franz Delitzsch · 1866
구약 학술 표준 — 히브리어·문헌비평·고대근동 배경
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Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
ed. Charles J. Ellicott · 1878
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Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Cambridge (다저자) · 1900
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Vincent's Word Studies in the New Testament
Marvin R. Vincent · 1887
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Word Pictures in the New Testament
A.T. Robertson · 1933
헬라어 시제·문법 해설 결정판 (KR PD / US 1931+ 권별)
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The Expositor's Greek Testament
ed. W. Robertson Nicoll (다저자) · 1910
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Meyer's Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament
Heinrich A.W. Meyer · 1880
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley · 1755
간결 실용 전권(NT 1755 / OT 1765) 웨슬리안
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Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments
Joseph Benson · 1815
웨슬리안 전권 주석
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The Treasury of David
Charles H. Spurgeon · 1885
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MacLaren's Expositions of Holy Scripture
Alexander Maclaren · 1910
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The People's New Testament
B.W. Johnson · 1891
평이 절별 신약 해설 (일반신자·모바일)
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Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible
Thomas Coke · 1803
감리교 전권 주석
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Trapp's Complete Commentary
John Trapp · 1660
청교도 전권 주석 — Henry/Gill 보완
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Hodge's Commentary on the New Testament
Charles Hodge · 1860
프린스턴 조직신학 관점 신약 정밀 주석 (롬·고전후·엡)
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This prophecy, beginning here and ending in the twentieth verse of the twenty-eighth chapter, is a declaration of the judgments of God against Tyre, a very famous commercial city of antiquity, which was taken by Nebuchadnezzar after an arduous siege of thirteen years. The prophet begins with introducing Tyre insulting Jerusalem, and congratulating herself on the prospect of accession to her commerce now that this city was no more, Ezekiel 26:1, Ezekiel 26:2. Upon which God denounces utter destruction to Tyre, and the cities depending on her, Ezekiel 26:3-6. We have then a particular account of the person raised up in the course of the Divine providence to accomplish this work. We see, as it were, his mighty hosts, (which are likened to the waves of the sea for their multitude), raising the mounds, setting the engines, and shaking the walls; we hear the noise of the horsemen, and the sound of their cars; we see the clouds of smoke and dust; we see the sword bathed in blood, and hear the groans of the dying. Tyre, (whose buildings were very splendid and magnificent, and whose walls were one hundred and fifty feet in height, with a proportionable breadth), immediately disappears; her strong (and as she thought impregnable) towers are thrown down; and her very dust is buried in the sea. Nothing remains but the bare rock, Ezekiel 26:7-14. The scene is then varied. The isles and adjacent regions, by a very strong and beautiful figure, are represented to be shaken, as with a mighty earthquake by violent concussion occasioned by the fall of Tyre. The groans of the dying reach the ears of the people inhabiting these regions. Their princes, alarmed for themselves and grieved for Tyre, descend from their thrones, lay aside their robes, and clothe themselves with - sackcloth? - no, but with trembling! Arrayed in this astonishing attire, the prophet introduces them as a chorus of mourners, lamenting Tyre in a funeral song or dirge, as customary on the death of renowned personages. And pursuing the same image still farther, in the person of God, he performs the last sad office for her. She is brought forth from her place in solemn pomp; the pit is dug for her; and she is buried, to rise no more, Ezekiel 26:15-21. Such is the prophecy concerning Tyre, comprehending both the city on the continent and that on the island, and most punctually fulfilled in regard to both. That on the continent was razed to the ground by Nebuchadnezzar, b.c. 572, and that on the island by Alexander the Great, b.c. 332. And at present, and for ages past, this ancient and renowned city, once the emporium of the world, and by her great naval superiority the center of a powerful monarchy, is literally what the prophet has repeatedly foretold it should be, and what in his time was, humanly speaking, so highly improbable - a Bare rock, a place to spread nets on!
INTRODUCTION TO Ezekiel 26
This chapter contains a prophecy of the destruction of Tyre. The time of the prophecy, Ezekiel 26:1, the cause of the destruction of it, rejoicing at the ruin of Jerusalem, Ezekiel 26:2, the instruments of it, many nations, particularly the king of Babylon, Ezekiel 26:3, the manner in which it shall be done, Ezekiel 26:8, the lamentation of other isles, and the princes of them, on account of it, Ezekiel 26:15, the utter destruction of it, so as never to be found any more, Ezekiel 26:19.
XXVI.
Tyre was a great and powerful commercial city, made up of two parts: Old Tyre, situated on a plain on the mainland, and New Tyre, built on a rocky island, or rather two islands joined together, lying about half a mile from the shore. Its territory was insignificant, but it was so strong in its wealth, its ships, and its colonies, that it was able to employ mercenaries (Ezekiel 27:10-11) in numbers, and being strongly fortified, resisted for five years, and with final success, the siege by the whole power of Assyria under Shalmaneser. According to the Assyrian records, however, it was afterwards captured by Assurbanipal. A few years after the fall of Jerusalem it was again besieged by Nebuchadnezzar for thirteen years. There is no express mention in the histories of the time of the result of this siege, although it is implied in the statement of the ancient historians (Jos. 100 Apion, i. 20;. Antt. x., 11, §1) that Nebuchadnezzar made himself master of all Phœnicia. It is also asserted by St. Jerome that he captured Tyre, and he describes the method by which it was accomplished; it is also very unlikely that such a monarch as Nebuchadnezzar would have allowed himself to be baffled after such effort. (On the difficulty suggested by Ezekiel 29:18, see the Note there.) In the days of David and Solomon, the king of Tyre was the close friend of Israel; afterwards the two nations became alienated, and the Tyrians sold Hebrew captives to the Greeks and the Edomites (Joel 3:4-8; Amos 1:9-10). Tyre was probably greatly offended when Josiah, in the course of his reformation, defiled the images of their god Baal, and destroyed his sacred vessels, both at Jerusalem and in Samaria. It was subject to the Persian Empire, was captured by Alexander, remained a large city under the Romans, was still flourishing in the time of St. Jerome, was great at the era of the Crusades, but soon afterwards was totally destroyed by the Saracens, and has since remained so utterly desolate that its site might not even be observed by the passing traveller. Besides the prophecies against Tyre just mentioned, that of Isaiah 23 has already been spoken of in the introductory Note to chapter 25.
Ezekiel’s denunciation of Tyre occupies nearly three chapters, and each of these forms a distinct prophecy, the last verses of Ezekiel 28 constituting a separate prophecy against the associated Phoenician city of Sidon. The first of these (Ezekiel 26) is occupied with the threat of the destruction of Tyre; the second (Ezekiel 27) is a lamentation over this destruction; while the third (Ezekiel 28:1-19) is divided into two parts (which may indeed be separate prophecies), of which the former (Ezekiel 26:1-10) is a threat specifically against the king of Tyre, and the latter (Ezekiel 26:11-19) is a lamentation over his fall.
Chapter 26 consists of four sections, each introduced with “Thus saith the Lord,” the whole preceded by the mention of the sin of Tyre in exulting over the fall of Jerusalem (Ezekiel 26:2). The first of these (Ezekiel 26:3-6) describes the ultimate desolation of Tyre by “many nations;” the second (Ezekiel 26:7-14) describes circumstantially its more immediate conquest by Nebuchadnezzar; the third (Ezekiel 26:15-18) the effect upon the islands and coasts, doubtless with especial reference to her colonies and those with whom she was commercially connected; while the fourth (Ezekiel 26:19-21) is an energetic repetition and summary of her doom.
Ch. 26–28 Prophecy against Tyre
The three chapters 26–28 are occupied with Tyre, containing threats of her destruction in various forms.
First, ch. 26. Literal prophecy of Tyre’s destruction at the hands of Nebuchadnezzar.
Secondly, ch. 27. Dirge over the downfall of Tyre under the figure of a gallant ship steered into dangerous waters and suffering shipwreck.
Thirdly, ch. 28. The pride and fall of the prince of Tyre.
CHAPTER 26
Ch. 26 Prophecy of Tyre’s destruction
The prophecy has these divisions:
(1) Ezekiel 26:1-6. The sin of Tyre, and therefore her downfall.
(2) Ezekiel 26:7-14. The instrument of her destruction, Nebuchadnezzar.
(3) Ezekiel 26:15-18. Dismay of the princes at the news of her ruin. Their sorrow and lament over her.
(4) Ezekiel 26:19-21. Repetition and confirmation of the threat against her. She shall be plunged into eternal darkness, with those dead of old, never more to rise among the living.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Eze 26:1-21.
Eze 26:1-21.
ネブカデネザルを通しての ツロへの 裁き （第二十六から 第二十八章）。
第二十六章において、エゼキエルは次のことを提示する。（1）ツロの罪；（2）その運命；（3）それを実行する働き手；（4）彼女の没落によって他国民にもたらされる影響。第二十七章では、かような地上の壮麗の没落への哀歌。第二十八章では、王の冒涜的な高慢の屈辱について、王に向けられた哀歌。異邦人に関する預言において、エゼキエルは暗い側面のみを示す。なぜなら彼らを、すべての者より長く生き延びる神の民に対する敵対においてのみ見るからである。他方、イザヤ
(Isa 23:1-18)
は裁きの終わりに、ツロが主に立ち返る時の祝福の見通しを提示する。
1. 先行する四つの裁きの対象の場合には省かれていた日付の明示は、ツロの没落により大きな重要性が付与されていることを示す。
第十一年――すなわちエホヤキン捕囚後の第十一年、エルサレム没落の年。しかし月の数は省かれ、日のみが与えられている。エルサレムの陥落の月が特に注目すべきもの、すなわち第四月、また現に破壊された実際の第五月
(Jer 52:6, 12, 13)
と見なされていたので、ラビ・ダヴィドは合理的にも、ツロはエルサレムに近かったためにその没落をすぐに聞くことができ、第四月の終わりに嘲弄を発し、エゼキエルは第五月の「第一日」に彼女に対する脅しをもってこれに応じたと推定する。
ツロに対する預言。ツロの包囲は紀元前585年に始まり十三年間続いた。エルサレム陥落の約三年後である。エルサレムを包囲している間、ネブカデネザルはパロ・ホフラをエジプトの国境まで押し戻していた。こうして危険な敵から解放されたツロが、自らの救いと隣人の滅亡を喜んでいたまさにその時、エゼキエルはツロに降りかかろうとしている災いを予言した。ツロという名は岩を意味し、その位置のゆえにこの都に与えられた。この島の岩がツロの心臓部であり、大陸側の町――おそらく最初の定住者たちの一時的な位置であったことから「古いツロ」と呼ばれた――は、島の都から成長したものであった。古代史の乏しい記録は、ネブカデネザルによる島ツロの占領について明確な証拠を与えないが、その事実は極めてありそうである。特に Ezekiel 26:7-12; Ezekiel 29:18 と比較せよ。ツロの現状は完全な荒廃であるが、その終末は長く遅れた(Isaiah 23 と比較せよ)。ツロはペルシア、ギリシア、ローマ、さらにはイスラムの支配者の下でも大きく豊かであった。ツロの最終的な滅亡は、エジプトのスルターン（紀元後1291年）によるものであった。
その月の初めに――月の番号が省かれているので、多くの人々は「その月」を、エルサレムが取られた月（新生の月）を意味すると考える。あまりにもよく知られていたので、単に「その月」と呼ばれたのである。都の占領は「第四の月の九日」に、その破壊は「第五の月の七日」に起こったことが知られている。それゆえこの預言は、都の占領に数日先立つものであった。包囲の最後の数か月のエルサレムの状態は、ツロの人々がすでに陥落したかのように喜んでもよいほどのものであった。
The eleventh year - This was the year in which Jerusalem was taken; the eleventh of the captivity of Jeconiah, and the eleventh of the reign of Zedekiah. What month we are not told, though the day is mentioned. There have been many conjectures about this, which are not of sufficient consequence to be detailed.
預言者は、前の諸章で彼が顔を向けた四つの国についてはすぐに済ませた。それらは当時、世界においてそれほど重要ではなく、その倒壊も諸国の間で大きな話題にもならず、歴史においても目立つ存在ではなかったからである。
しかし次に、ツロの町が法廷に引き出される。ここは広大な交易の場所であったゆえに世界中に知られていた。それゆえ、ツロの滅びの預言に本章と続く二つの章、計三章が費やされている。イザヤ書には「ツロの託宣」がある（イザ 23:1-18）。エレミヤ書では、ツロは共通の災いを地元民と共に分かつものとして簡単に言及されるだけである（エレ 25:22、27:3、47:4）。しかしエゼキエルはこの点について詳しく語るよう命じられる。
本章には次の内容が記されている。
一、ツロに負わされた罪。それはエルサレムの滅びを喜ぶことであった（エゼ 26:2）。
二、ツロ自身の滅びの預言。