Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
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Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
Albert Barnes · 1834
Albert Barnes' Notes on Revelation Of St. John The Divine (New Testament, English original, public domain). Sourced from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes.
Adam Clarke · 1831
Public domain English commentary by Adam Clarke, normalized from Wikisource book pages for scripture.how. Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/clarke.
John Gill · 1763
John Gill(1697-1771), Exposition of the Old and New Testament(1746-1763). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/gill.
John Calvin · 1850
종교개혁 신학 원천 (영역본 PD, 대부분 — 전권 아님)
Matthew Poole · 1685
간결 절별 전권 개혁주의 주석
ed. H.D.M. Spence & Joseph S. Exell · 1890
전권 강해·설교·예화 풍부 (항목 대량)
Carl F. Keil, Franz Delitzsch · 1866
구약 학술 표준 — 히브리어·문헌비평·고대근동 배경
ed. Charles J. Ellicott · 1878
학술+가독 균형 전권 주석
Cambridge (다저자) · 1900
준전권 준학술 (권별 저자·연도 확인)
Marvin R. Vincent · 1887
신약 헬라어 단어 연구
A.T. Robertson · 1933
헬라어 시제·문법 해설 결정판 (KR PD / US 1931+ 권별)
ed. W. Robertson Nicoll (다저자) · 1910
헬라어 신약 학술 (권별 저자 PD 확인 필요)
Heinrich A.W. Meyer · 1880
신약 학술 정밀주해 (독일 — K&D 대응)
John Wesley · 1755
간결 실용 전권(NT 1755 / OT 1765) 웨슬리안
Joseph Benson · 1815
웨슬리안 전권 주석
Charles H. Spurgeon · 1885
시편 주석 고전 (설교 자료 풍부)
Alexander Maclaren · 1910
설교형 강해 명저 (전권, 절별 가공 필요)
B.W. Johnson · 1891
평이 절별 신약 해설 (일반신자·모바일)
Thomas Coke · 1803
감리교 전권 주석
John Trapp · 1660
청교도 전권 주석 — Henry/Gill 보완
Charles Hodge · 1860
프린스턴 조직신학 관점 신약 정밀 주석 (롬·고전후·엡)
Jacob, about to die, calls his sons together that he may bless them, or give prophetic declarations concerning their posterity, Genesis 49:1, Genesis 49:2. Prophetic declaration concerning Reuben, Genesis 49:3, Genesis 49:4. Concerning Simeon and Levi, Genesis 49:5-7; concerning Judah, Genesis 49:8-12; concerning Zebulun, Genesis 49:13; concerning Issachar, Genesis 49:14, Genesis 49:15; concerning Dan, Genesis 49:16-18; concerning Gad, Genesis 49:19; concerning Asher, Genesis 49:20; concerning Naphtali, Genesis 49:21; concerning Joseph, Genesis 49:22-26; concerning Benjamin, Genesis 49:27. Summary concerning the twelve tribes, Genesis 49:28. Jacob gives directions concerning his being buried in the cave of Machpelah, Genesis 49:29-32. Jacob dies, Genesis 49:33.
Genesis gen 49:0 INTRODUCTION TO GENESIS 49 This chapter contains a prophecy of future things, relating to the twelve sons of Jacob, and to the twelve tribes, as descending from them, and which he delivered to his sons on his death bed, having called them together for that purpose, Gen 49:1, he begins with Reuben his firstborn, whose incest he takes notice of, on which account he should not excel, Gen 49:3, next Simeon and Levi have a curse denounced on them for their cruelty at Shechem, Gen 49:5, but Judah is praised, and good things prophesied of him; and particularly that Shiloh, or the Messiah, should spring from him, the time of whose coming is pointed at, Gen 49:7, the predictions concerning Zebulun, Issachar, and Dan, follow, at the close of which Jacob expresses his longing expectation of God's salvation, Gen 49:13 and after foretelling what should befall Gad, Asher, and Naphtali, Gen 49:19, a large account is given of Joseph, his troubles, his trials, and his blessings, Gen 49:22, and Benjamin the youngest son is taken notice of last of all, all the tribes being blessed in their order according to the nature of their blessing, Gen 49:27, and the chapter is closed with a charge of Jacob's to his sons to bury him in Canaan, which having delivered, he died, Gen 49:29.
Ch. 49 The Blessing of Jacob. The Death of Jacob
The chapter falls into two divisions:
1–27 (J). The blessing of Jacob, pronounced upon his twelve sons; derived, probably, from a very early source previous to J and E, and incorporated in J’s narrative.
28–33 (P). The death of Jacob.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Ge 49:1-33.
族長の祝福。
1. ヤコブはその子らを呼んで言った——この章で注目が促されているのは、死にゆく聖徒の言葉というよりも、霊感を受けた預言者の言葉である。彼は聖霊の直接の感化の下に、預言的な祝福を述べ、それぞれの子孫が終わりの日、すなわち未来の時代に置かれる状態を描写した。
ヤコブはその子らを呼んだ。——これは使者が彼らの様々な住処や牧草地に行き、彼らを自分の前に召集することによってなされる。そして彼は言った。これらの言葉は彼の臨終の言葉を導入する。「集まりなさい」。各々に特別の言葉があるにせよ、それはすべての家族の教えのために、他のすべての者の聞くところでなされる。「終わりの日にあなたがたに起こること」。終わりの日とは、語り手と人類の終わりとの間の時である。人の始まりは最後の創造の第六日にあった。その種族の終わりは、その時に存在へと召された天と地の解散と、それに必然的に続くと教えられる新しい創造にある。預言は一般にこの間隔に関わるが、時折現在と未来の創造を隔てるベールを貫く。
預言者は現在と過去の事物や出来事で心を満たし、そこから未来のためにイメージを引き出し、それをその日の現在の言葉で表現しなければならない。それゆえ彼の言葉を解釈するために、我々は彼の日まで上り、彼の言葉の用法を調べ、真理が現れうる一時的な形態を区別し、すべての時代に属する不変の本質をしっかりと把まなければならない。「聞け、ヤコブの子らよ。イスラエルあなたがたの父に聞け」。これは綜合的あるいは同義的並行の一例である。それはヤコブとイスラエルの等価性と、同時にその区別の良い実例を与える。両者は同じ人に、そして彼が頭である種族に適用される。一方は自然的、他方は霊的なものに関わる。その区別はエロヒムとヤハウェの間のものに似ている。前者は永遠の神、すべての創造に先行し、それゆえに等しく全宇宙に関わる方を指し、後者は自有の神、知的被造物の創造に後続し、道徳の支配者、契約の守り手、約束の遂行者として、特に彼らに関わる方を指す。
That which shall befall you in the last days - It is evident from this, and indeed from the whole complexion of these important prophecies, that the twelve sons of Jacob had very little concern in them, personally considered, as they were to be fulfilled in the last days, i. e., in times remote from that period, and consequently to their posterity, and not to themselves, or to their immediate families. The whole of these prophetic declarations, from Genesis 49:2-27 inclusive, is delivered in strongly figurative language, and in the poetic form, which, in every translation, should be preserved as nearly as possible, rendering the version line for line with the original. This order I shall pursue in the succeeding notes, always proposing the verse first, in as literal a translation as possible, line for line with the Hebrew after the hemistich form, from which the sense will more readily appear; but to the Hebrew text and the common version the reader is ultimately referred.
Bishop Newton has justly observed that Jacob had received a double blessing, spiritual and temporal; the promise of being progenitor of the Messiah, and the promise of the land of Canaan. The promised land he might divide among his children as he pleased, but the other must be confined to one of his sons; he therefore assigns to each son a portion in the land of Canaan, but limits the descent of the blessed seed to the tribe of Judah. Some have put themselves to a great deal of trouble and learned labor to show that it was a general opinion of the ancients that the soul, a short time previous to its departure from the body, becomes endued with a certain measure of the prophetic gift or foresight; and that this was probably the case with Jacob. But it would be derogatory to the dignity of the prophecies delivered in this chapter, to suppose that they came by any other means than direct inspiration, as to their main matter, though certain circumstances appear to be left to the patriarch himself, in which he might express his own feelings both as a father and as a judge. This is strikingly evident, 1. In the case of Reuben, from whom he had received the grossest insult, however the passage relative to him may be understood; and, 2. In the case of Joseph, the tenderly beloved son of his most beloved wife Rachel, in the prophecy concerning whom he gives full vent to all those tender and affectionate emotions which, as a father and a husband, do him endless credit.
Reuben, my first-born art thou! My might, and the prime of my strength, Excelling in eminence, and excelling in power:
Pouring out like the waters: - thou shalt not excel, For thou wentest up to the bed of thy father, - Then thou didst defile: to my couch he went up!
And Jacob called upon his sons,.... Who either were near at hand, and within call at the time Joseph came to visit him, or if at a distance, and at another time, he sent a messenger or messengers to them to come unto him: and said, gather yourselves together; his will was, that they should attend him all together at the same time, that he might deliver what he had to say to them in the hearing of them all; for what he after declares was not said to them singly and alone, but when they were all before him: that I may tell you that which shall befall you in the last days; not their persons merely, but their posterity chiefly, from that time forward to the coming of the Messiah, who is spoken of in this prophecy, and the time of his coming; some things are said relating to temporals, others to spirituals; some are blessings or prophecies of good things to them, others curses, or foretell evil, but all are predictions delivered out by Jacob under a spirit of prophecy; some things had their accomplishment when the tribes of Israel were placed in the land of Canaan, others in the times of the judges, and in later times; and some in the times of the Messiah, to which this prophecy reaches, whose coming was in the last days, Heb 1:1 and Nachmanides says, according to the sense of all their writers, the last days here are the days of the Messiah; and in an ancient writing of the Jews it is said (x), that Jacob called his sons, because he had a mind to reveal the end of the Messiah, i.e. the time of his coming; and Abraham Seba (y) observes, that this section is the seal and key of the whole law, and of all the prophets prophesied of, unto the days of the Messiah. (x) Zohar in Gen. fol. 126. 1. (y) Tzeror Hammor, fol. 57. 4. & 58. 1.
この章は預言である。これまでに出会った中でこれに最も近いのは、ノアの預言(創世記 9:25-27等)であった。ヤコブはここで死の床にあり、遺言を残している。彼がこれを今まで延ばしてきたのは、死に行く者のことばが深い感銘を与え、長く記憶される傾向があるからである。ここで彼が語ったことは、彼が望む時に語れたのではなく、御霊が彼に語らせたのであり、御霊はこの時を選んで、神の力が彼の弱さにおいて全くされたのである。ヤコブの十二人の子らはその時代には名高い人々であったが、彼らから出てその名にちなんで呼ばれたイスラエルの十二部族ははるかに有名であった。私たちは彼らの名を新しいエルサレムの門の上に見出す(黙示録 21:12)。これを見渡して、彼らの死に行く父は、それぞれの子、あるいはその名を負う部族について注目すべきことを語る。ここには次のものがある。一、序言(創世記 49:1,2)。二、各部族に関する預言(創世記 49:3-28)。三、彼の埋葬に関する命じられたことの繰り返し(創世記 49:29-32)。四、彼の死(創世記 49:33)。