Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
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Barnes' Notes on the Bible
Albert Barnes · 1834
Albert Barnes' Notes on Revelation Of St. John The Divine (New Testament, English original, public domain). Sourced from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes.
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Adam Clarke's Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Adam Clarke · 1831
Public domain English commentary by Adam Clarke, normalized from Wikisource book pages for scripture.how. Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/clarke.
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John Gill's Exposition of the Bible
John Gill · 1763
John Gill(1697-1771), Exposition of the Old and New Testament(1746-1763). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/gill.
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Calvin's Commentaries
John Calvin · 1850
종교개혁 신학 원천 (영역본 PD, 대부분 — 전권 아님)
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Matthew Poole's Annotations upon the Holy Bible
Matthew Poole · 1685
간결 절별 전권 개혁주의 주석
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The Pulpit Commentary
ed. H.D.M. Spence & Joseph S. Exell · 1890
전권 강해·설교·예화 풍부 (항목 대량)
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Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
Carl F. Keil, Franz Delitzsch · 1866
구약 학술 표준 — 히브리어·문헌비평·고대근동 배경
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Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
ed. Charles J. Ellicott · 1878
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Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Cambridge (다저자) · 1900
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Vincent's Word Studies in the New Testament
Marvin R. Vincent · 1887
신약 헬라어 단어 연구
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Word Pictures in the New Testament
A.T. Robertson · 1933
헬라어 시제·문법 해설 결정판 (KR PD / US 1931+ 권별)
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The Expositor's Greek Testament
ed. W. Robertson Nicoll (다저자) · 1910
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Meyer's Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament
Heinrich A.W. Meyer · 1880
신약 학술 정밀주해 (독일 — K&D 대응)
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley · 1755
간결 실용 전권(NT 1755 / OT 1765) 웨슬리안
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Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments
Joseph Benson · 1815
웨슬리안 전권 주석
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The Treasury of David
Charles H. Spurgeon · 1885
시편 주석 고전 (설교 자료 풍부)
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MacLaren's Expositions of Holy Scripture
Alexander Maclaren · 1910
설교형 강해 명저 (전권, 절별 가공 필요)
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The People's New Testament
B.W. Johnson · 1891
평이 절별 신약 해설 (일반신자·모바일)
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Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible
Thomas Coke · 1803
감리교 전권 주석
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Trapp's Complete Commentary
John Trapp · 1660
청교도 전권 주석 — Henry/Gill 보완
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Hodge's Commentary on the New Testament
Charles Hodge · 1860
프린스턴 조직신학 관점 신약 정밀 주석 (롬·고전후·엡)
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Being arrived at the high places of Baal, (Numbers 22:41), Balaam orders Balak to build seven altars, and prepare oxen and rams for sacrifice, Numbers 23:1, Numbers 23:2. Balaam inquires of the Lord, receives an answer, with which he returns to Balak, Numbers 23:3-10. Balak, finding that this was a prediction of the prosperity of the Israelites, is greatly troubled, Numbers 23:11. Balaam excuses himself, Numbers 23:12. He brings him to another place, where he might see only a part of Israel, and repeats his sacrifices, Numbers 23:13, Numbers 23:14. Balaam again consults the Lord, Numbers 23:15-17. Returns with his answer, and again predicts the glory of Israel, Numbers 23:18-24. Balak is angry, Numbers 23:25; and Balaam again excuses himself. Balak proposes another trial, takes him to another place, and repeats the same sacrifices, Numbers 23:26-30.
INTRODUCTION TO Numbers 23
This chapter gives an account of the sacrifices offered by Balak and Balaam, and how God met Balsam, and put a word into his mouth, which he delivered in the presence of the king of Moab and his princes, Numbers 23:1, the substance of which are, the separate state and condition of Israel from other nations, their number, and the happiness of the righteous at death, Numbers 23:8, which made Balak uneasy, since instead of cursing he blessed Israel, and therefore he had him to another place to take a view of the people, Numbers 23:11 where having offered sacrifices, another word was put into the mouth of Balaam, and which he also delivered before the king and his nobles, Numbers 23:14, in which were expressed the unchangeableness of God, the irreversibleness of the blessing of Israel, the strength, safety, happiness, and glory of that people, Numbers 23:19 which made Balak more uneasy still; but willing to try him a third time, he carried him to another place, and there built altars, and offered sacrifices, the consequence of which is related in the next chapter, Numbers 23:25.
Numbers 23:1-26 (E ). Balaam’s two prophetic messages
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Nu 23:1-30.
Nu 23:1-30.
バラクのいけにえ
1. バラアムはバラクに言った。「私のためにここに七つの祭壇を築きなさい」――バラクは異邦人であったから、これらの祭壇が自分の国の守護神バアルを讃えるために建てられたものと、当然のこととして考えたことであろう。しかし
Nu 23:4
から、それらがまことの神への礼拝のために用意されたものであったことが分かる。ただし、その場所としてバアルの高き所を選び、神が定めた一つではなく
(2Ki 18:22; Isa 17:8; Jer 11:13; Ho 8:11; 10:1)、
多数の祭壇を築いた点において、バラアムは自身の迷信を神聖な礼拝に混ぜ合わせたのである。異邦人は古代にも現代にも、数七に神秘的な効力を帰していた。そしてバラアムはこれほど多くの祭壇を整えるよう命じることで、王を煙に巻き、欺こうとしたのである。
バラムは、異教徒の一般的な習慣に従い、いけにえによって占いに先んじた。祭壇の数については、おそらく当時知られていた惑星の数が考慮されていたのであろう。しかしバラムは明らかに、自分のいけにえをまことの神への献げ物として意図していたのである。
Build me here seven altars, etc. - The oxen and the rams were such as the Mosaic law had ordered to be offered to God in sacrifice; the building of seven altars was not commanded. Some think that these seven altars were built to the seven planets: this is most gratuitously said; of it there is no proof whatever; it is mere trifling, even with conjecture. As seven was a number of perfection, Balaam chose it on this occasion, because he intended to offer a grand sacrifice, and to offer a bullock and a ram upon each of the altars; the whole to be made a burnt-offering at the same time. And as he intended to offer seven bullocks and seven rams at the same time, it could not be conveniently done on one altar, therefore he ordered seven to be built. We need go no farther to find out his reasons.
And Balaam said unto Balak,.... When upon one of the high places of Baal, and after having taken a view of the people of Israel as they lay encamped:
build me here seven altars; this was purely Heathenish; for not only the Israelites after the law of Moses had but one altar, but the patriarchs before that never built but one altar at a time. Some have thought regard is had to the seven planets worshipped by Heathens; though no doubt Balaam pretended to sacrifice to Jehovah the true God, in order to gain him over to him to agree to it to curse Israel, and persuaded Balak, though an idolater, to join with him; and, the more easily to bring him to it, mixes Heathen rites and customs in sacrifice to him:
and prepare me here seven oxen, and seven rams; which were creatures offered in sacrifice according to the law of Moses, and before that was given, and by persons who were not under it; and even by seven of each sort, and that by the express command of God, Job 42:8. It may be observed, that both in this, and the preceding clause, the word here is carefully expressed, namely, in one of the high places; there the altars were erected, and thither the oxen were brought to be sacrificed; so that both the place, and the number of the altars, savoured of Heathenish worship, in which he complied to induce the king to sacrifice to Jehovah.
この章には、バラクとバラムがイスラエルに害を与えようと努めている様子がある。見えるところでは、モーセもイスラエルの長老たちもこの事を少しも知らず、わなを破る力にもない。しかし、イスラエルを守られる、まどろみも眠りもしない神が、彼らの執り成しや工夫なしに、その試みを挫折させる。ここに次のものがある。一、イスラエルへののろしの最初の試み。1. 犠牲によってそのために備えがなされた（民23:1-3）。2. 神がバラムに与えられた反対の指示（民23:4,5）。3. のろしの代わりにバラムがイスラエルの上に語ることを強いられた祝福（民23:7-10）。4. バラクの大きな失望（民23:11,12）。二、二度目の試み。同じようにされ、同じように挫折した（民23:13-26）。三、三度目の試みへの準備（民23:27-30）。その結果は次の章にある。