Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
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Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
Albert Barnes · 1834
Albert Barnes' Notes on Revelation Of St. John The Divine (New Testament, English original, public domain). Sourced from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes.
Adam Clarke · 1831
Public domain English commentary by Adam Clarke, normalized from Wikisource book pages for scripture.how. Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/clarke.
John Gill · 1763
John Gill(1697-1771), Exposition of the Old and New Testament(1746-1763). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/gill.
John Calvin · 1850
종교개혁 신학 원천 (영역본 PD, 대부분 — 전권 아님)
Matthew Poole · 1685
간결 절별 전권 개혁주의 주석
ed. H.D.M. Spence & Joseph S. Exell · 1890
전권 강해·설교·예화 풍부 (항목 대량)
Carl F. Keil, Franz Delitzsch · 1866
구약 학술 표준 — 히브리어·문헌비평·고대근동 배경
ed. Charles J. Ellicott · 1878
학술+가독 균형 전권 주석
Cambridge (다저자) · 1900
준전권 준학술 (권별 저자·연도 확인)
Marvin R. Vincent · 1887
신약 헬라어 단어 연구
A.T. Robertson · 1933
헬라어 시제·문법 해설 결정판 (KR PD / US 1931+ 권별)
ed. W. Robertson Nicoll (다저자) · 1910
헬라어 신약 학술 (권별 저자 PD 확인 필요)
Heinrich A.W. Meyer · 1880
신약 학술 정밀주해 (독일 — K&D 대응)
John Wesley · 1755
간결 실용 전권(NT 1755 / OT 1765) 웨슬리안
Joseph Benson · 1815
웨슬리안 전권 주석
Charles H. Spurgeon · 1885
시편 주석 고전 (설교 자료 풍부)
Alexander Maclaren · 1910
설교형 강해 명저 (전권, 절별 가공 필요)
B.W. Johnson · 1891
평이 절별 신약 해설 (일반신자·모바일)
Thomas Coke · 1803
감리교 전권 주석
John Trapp · 1660
청교도 전권 주석 — Henry/Gill 보완
Charles Hodge · 1860
프린스턴 조직신학 관점 신약 정밀 주석 (롬·고전후·엡)
The law concerning vows of men, Numbers 30:1, Numbers 30:2. Of women under age, and in what cases the father may annul them, Numbers 30:3-5. The vows of a wife, and in what cases the husband may annul them, Numbers 30:6-8. The vows of a widow, or divorced woman, in what cases they may be considered either as confirmed or annulled, Numbers 30:9-15. Recapitulation of these ordinances, Numbers 30:16.
INTRODUCTION TO Numbers 30
Mention being made, in the latter part of the preceding chapter, of vows to be performed to the Lord, besides the sacrifices directed to; here some account is given of them, and men are charged to fulfil, and not break them, Numbers 30:1 but as to women, if a maid, being in her father's house, made a vow in his hearing, and he silent at it, her vow stood; but if he disapproved of it, it was null and void, Numbers 30:3 and so a wife, when she vowed a vow in the hearing of her husband, and he said not ought against it, it was valid; but if he objected to it, it stood for nothing, Numbers 30:6, likewise a widow, or one divorced, that made a vow in her husband's house, before he died, or she was put away from him, and he did not contradict it, it remained in force and to be fulfilled; but if he made it void, it stood not, and she was forgiven, Numbers 30:9 it being in an husband's power to confirm or make null a vow or oath, made by his wife to afflict her soul; but if he made any void after he heard them, and had been silent, he himself was to bear her iniquity, Numbers 30:13.
XXX.
(2) If a man vow a vow unto the Lord . . . —Two kinds of vows are spoken of in this verse—viz., the neder, which is here rendered vow, and which denotes primarily a positive vow, or vow of performance, and the issar, which is here rendered bond, and which denotes a negative vow, or a vow of abstinence. It is natural to suppose that at the expiration of the protracted wanderings in the wilderness the pious Israelites would be desirous of testifying their gratitude by dedicating themselves, or some portion of their substance beyond that which the law demanded, to the service of the Lord. And hence, although some regulations respecting vows had already been made (see Leviticus 27), it was needful that before their entrance into the land of Canaan some additions should be made to the law which pertained to the nature and obligation of vows.
He shall not break his word . . . —The sacred character of a vow is enforced in these words; and a timely caution was thus given to the Israelites that it was better for them not to vow than to vow and not to pay. (Comp. Ecclesiastes 5:2-5.)
P.
The performance of vows by women
The chapter opens with the command (Numbers 30:2) that a man shall always observe a vow which he has made. But the rest of the chapter deals with vows made by women. The following rules are laid down:—(1) an unmarried woman living in her father’s house, or a married woman living with her husband, is bound to perform her vow only if the father or the husband respectively raises no objection at the time that he hears of the vow having being made (Numbers 30:3-8; Numbers 30:10-14); (2) a widow or a divorced woman must perform her vow (Numbers 30:9); (3) if the father, or husband, makes no objection at the time, but subsequently prevents his daughter, or wife, from performing her vow, the guilt rests upon him.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Nu 30:1-16.
誓いは破ってはならない
1. これが主が命じられたことである――この章の主題は誓願に関し、それは古代からの慣行であったと見られ、律法によって存続が許され、ある人々が権威によって要求されている以上に、祭壇に何らかの贈り物をささげること、特定の食物や飲み物を控えること、個人的な断食を行うこと、あるいは神の誉れのため、あるいは神への奉仕として何かを行うことの意向を宣言するものであった。 Nu 29:39
では「誓願と自発的なささげ物」について言及されており、この章で定められた規則の説明的性質から判断すると、これらは生じたいくつかの状況のもとで誓願を果たす義務について、良心ある人々が抱いていた疑いや困難を取り除くために与えられたものであろう。
誓願に関する諸規定が献げ物に関する諸規定の後に続くのは適切である。誓願の相当部分は、常にそのような献げ物の捧呈に関係していたであろうからである。神に誓われた物の評価のための規則は、すでにLeviticus 27に与えられていた。後見の下にある人々が立てた誓願を特に扱うこの新しい立法は、最近生じた実際的な困難な事例によって引き起こされた可能性が高い。そしてこの律法は、モーセが「部族のかしらたち」に語ったものである(Numbers 30:1)。彼らはその裁判官としての職能において、これらの問題に関する問いを決定しなければならなかったはずである。
本章には、少年たちや若い男たちが立てた誓願を無効にする規定は存在しない。ここから、男性の誓願はあらゆる場合と状況において拘束力を持つと推論されてきた。
And Moses spake unto the heads of the tribes,.... Or the princes of them, who could more easily be convened, and who used to meet on certain occasions, and on whom it lay to see various laws put in execution:
concerning the children of Israel; how they ought to conduct and behave in the following case, it being an affair which concerned them all:
saying, this is the thing which the Lord hath commanded; relating to vows. Aben Ezra is of opinion that this was delivered after the battle with Midian, of which there is an account in the following chapter, and is occasioned by what was said, to the tribes of Gad and Reuben, Numbers 32:24.
do that which hath proceeded out of your mouth; to which they replied:
thy servants will do as my lord commandeth; upon which the nature of a vow, and the manner of keeping it, are observed; but the occasion of it rather seems to be what is said towards the close of the foregoing chapter, Numbers 29:39, that the various sacrifices there directed were to be offered in their season, besides the vows and freewill offerings; and when these were ratified and confirmed, and when null and void, and to be fulfilled or neglected, is the principal business of this chapter.
この章には、前の章の終わりで言及された誓願に関する律法がある。一、すべての誓願は注意深く果たされなければならないという一般的な規則が置かれる(民30:1,2)。二、この規則へのいくつかの特別の例外。1. 娘の誓願は父の許可がなければ拘束力を持たない(民30:3-5)。また、2. 妻の誓願も夫の許可がなければ拘束力を持たない(民30:6-16等)。