1
1Co 13:1-13.
简体中文
英語原文
1Co 13:1-13.
CHARITY OR LOVE SUPERIOR TO ALL GIFTS.
The New Testament psalm of love, as the forty-fifth Psalm (see
Ps 45:1,
title) and the Song of Solomon in the Old Testament.
1. tongues--from these he ascends to "prophecy"
(1Co 13:2);
then, to "faith"; then to benevolent and self-sacrificing deeds: a climax. He does not except even himself, and so passes from addressing them ("unto you,"
1Co 12:31)
to putting the case in his own person, "Though I," &c.
speak with the tongues--with the eloquence which was so much admired at Corinth (for example, Apollos,
Ac 18:24;
compare
1Co 1:12; 3:21, 22),
and with the command of various languages, which some at Corinth abused to purposes of mere ostentation
(1Co 14:2,
&c.).
of angels--higher than men, and therefore, it is to be supposed, speaking a more exalted language.
charity--the principle of the ordinary and more important gifts of the Spirit, as contrasted with the extraordinary gifts
(1Co 12:1-31).
sounding . . . tinkling--sound without soul or feeling: such are "tongues" without charity.
cymbal--Two kinds are noticed
(Ps 150:5),
the loud or clear, and the high-sounding one: hand cymbals and finger cymbals, or castanets. The sound is sharp and piercing.
2
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简体中文
2. 奥秘——
（罗11:25; 16:25）。
奥秘指神至今隐秘、如今向祂圣徒显明的深奥旨意。知识则指早已为人所知的真理。
信……移山——
（太17:20; 21:21）。
借着信心所提升的意志所发出的实际能力〔尼安德〕；对神的信心，确信当意志在祂圣灵隐密的感动下运行时，神迹的结果必然随之而来。没有"爱"，先知讲道、知识、信心都不是它们表面看来的那样（参
林前8:1, 2； 太7:22； 雅2:14；
参
林前13:8），
因此也得不到属天的赏赐
（太6:2）。
如此，教导惟独因信称义的保罗
（罗3:4, 5； 加2:16; 3:7-14），
便显为与雅各一致；雅各教导
（雅2:24）
人是"因行为"（即因爱——爱是信的"灵"， 雅2:26）
称义，"不是单因信"。
英語原文
2. mysteries--
(Ro 11:25; 16:25).
Mysteries refer to the deep counsels of God hitherto secret, but now revealed to His saints. Knowledge, to truths long known.
faith . . . remove mountains--
(Mt 17:20; 21:21).
The practical power of the will elevated by faith [NEANDER]; confidence in God that the miraculous result will surely follow the exercise of the will at the secret impulse of His Spirit. Without "love" prophecy, knowledge, and faith, are not what they seem (compare
1Co 8:1, 2; Mt 7:22; Jas 2:14;
compare
1Co 13:8),
and so fail of the heavenly reward
(Mt 6:2).
Thus Paul, who teaches justification by faith only
(Ro 3:4, 5; Ga 2:16; 3:7-14),
is shown to agree with James, who teaches
(Jas 2:24)
"by works" (that is, by LOVE, which is the "spirit" of faith,
Jas 2:26)
a man is justified, "and not by faith only."
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简体中文
3. 赒济……穷人——直译"将我一切所有的化为食物分赠"；是"帮助人的"职分之一项最高功用
（林前12:28）。
舍己身叫人焚烧——直译"以致我应当被焚烧"。正如三个少年人所作
（但3:28），
"舍了身体"（参
林后12:15）。
这些都是在施与和受苦中爱之最高贵的例证。然而它们也可能没有爱；若然，则"财物"与"身体"虽被舍了，灵魂——爱所在的境界——却未舍上。没有灵魂，神便拒绝其他一切，也就拒绝那人，因此那人便毫无"益处"
（太16:26； 路9:23-25）。
人肯为基督教争战，为基督教舍命，却不肯活出它的灵——即爱。
英語原文
3. bestow . . . goods . . . poor--literally, "dole out in food" all my goods; one of the highest functions of the "helps"
(1Co 12:28).
give . . . body to be burned--literally, "to such a degree as that I should be burned." As the three youths did
(Da 3:28),
"yielded their bodies" (compare
2Co 12:15).
These are most noble exemplifications of love in giving and in suffering. Yet they may be without love; in which case the "goods" and "body" are given, but not the soul, which is the sphere of love. Without the soul God rejects all else, and so rejects the man, who is therefore "profited" nothing
(Mt 16:26; Lu 9:23-25).
Men will fight for Christianity, and die for Christianity, but not live in its spirit, which is love.
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简体中文
4. 恒久忍耐——在来自他人的恶之挑衅下。这是爱消极的一面。
恩慈——积极的一面。向他人广行善事。试将此处爱的特征与"从上头来的智慧"
（雅3:17）
的特征相比。
嫉妒——希腊文亦含妒忌之意。
自夸——在言语上，连实在拥有的恩赐也不夸口；这是对哥林多人中有人将方言恩赐滥用为纯粹炫耀的间接责备。
张狂——因党派之热心，如哥林多人中某些人所行的
（林前4:6）。
英語原文
4. suffereth long--under provocations of evil from others. The negative side of love.
is kind--the positive side. Extending good to others. Compare with love's features here those of the "wisdom from above"
(Jas 3:17).
envieth--The Greek includes also jealousy.
vaunteth not--in words, even of gifts which it really possesses; an indirect rebuke of those at Corinth who used the gift of tongues for mere display.
not puffed up--with party zeal, as some at Corinth were
(1Co 4:6).
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简体中文
5. 不作害羞的事——不失礼，不忽略礼节与体统。
不计算人的恶——不归咎恶事〔阿尔福德〕；直译"那恶"，即实际存在的恶
（箴10:12； 彼前4:8）。
爱对别人的过犯宽容，并乐于以善意的解释加之。爱非但不设计谋害人，反而原谅别人加诸己身的"那恶"〔艾斯提乌斯〕；不默想别人所加的恶〔本格尔〕；在可疑的情形下，取较宽厚的一面〔格罗提乌斯〕。
英語原文
5. not . . . unseemly--is not uncourteous, or inattentive to civility and propriety.
thinketh no evil--imputeth not evil [ALFORD]; literally, "the evil" which actually is there
(Pr 10:12; 1Pe 4:8).
Love makes allowances for the falls of others, and is ready to put on them a charitable construction. Love, so far from devising evil against another, excuses "the evil" which another inflicts on her [ESTIUS]; doth not meditate upon evil inflicted by another [BENGEL]; and in doubtful cases, takes the more charitable view [GROTIUS].
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简体中文
6. 喜欢真理——宜作"与真理同喜"。不以别人所行的不义为乐（参
创9:22, 23），
而是在真理欢喜时同喜；与真理在得胜中同情共感
（约贰4）。
相反的见
提后3:8，
"敌挡真理"。照样"真理"与"不义"相对
（罗2:8）。
"真理"是福音的真理，是爱不可分的盟友
（弗4:15； 约贰12）。
那种以粉饰"不义"来妥协"真理"的虚假爱心，在此便被隐含地定罪
（箴17:15）。
英語原文
6. rejoiceth in the truth--rather, "rejoiceth with the truth." Exults not at the perpetration of iniquity (unrighteousness) by others (compare
Ge 9:22, 23),
but rejoices when the truth rejoices; sympathizes with it in its triumphs
(2Jo 4).
See the opposite
(2Ti 3:8),
"Resist the truth." So "the truth" and "unrighteousness" are contrasted
(Ro 2:8).
"The truth" is the Gospel truth, the inseparable ally of love
(Eph 4:15; 2Jo 12).
The false charity which compromises "the truth" by glossing over "iniquity" or unrighteousness is thus tacitly condemned
(Pr 17:15).
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简体中文
7. 凡事包容——不张扬自己所当忍受的。同一希腊文动词见
林前9:12。
它忍受而不向外界泄露个人的困苦。字面上指如不漏水的器皿那样紧握；照样有爱心的人控制自己，在个人艰难下沉默不言，不放纵私心所要他吐露的。
凡事相信——不存疑心地相信一切并非明显为假的事，一切他能在无愧的良心上相信为对人有利的事。参
雅3:17，
"易于恳求"；希腊文作"易于说服"。
盼望——盼望别人的好处，即使别人已停止盼望。
忍耐——以忍耐和爱心的灵忍受逼迫。
英語原文
7. Beareth all things--without speaking of what it has to bear. The same Greek verb as in
1Co 9:12.
It endures without divulging to the world personal distress. Literally said of holding fast like a watertight vessel; so the charitable man contains himself in silence from giving vent to what selfishness would prompt under personal hardship.
believeth all things--unsuspiciously believes all that is not palpably false, all that it can with a good conscience believe to the credit of another. Compare
Jas 3:17,
"easy to be entreated"; Greek, "easily persuaded."
hopeth--what is good of another, even when others have ceased to hope.
endureth--persecutions in a patient and loving spirit.
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简体中文
8. 永不止息——永不被废弃；它常居其位。
终必……终必——"终必"二字在希腊文为同一动词；且与"止息"的动词不同。译作"终必被废除"，即在主来之时被废止，被其更完全的属天对应物所取代；例如知识被直觉取代。至于"方言"——更为短暂的——所用动词是"终必停止"。保罗这话的首要应验，发生在教会达到成熟之时；那时"方言"完全"停止"，"先知讲道"与"知识"——只要它们是圣灵的超自然恩赐——便被取代，因已不再需要，因为平常的讲道、以及汇集而成的新约圣经已成为常设制度。
英語原文
8. never faileth--never is to be out of use; it always holds its place.
shall fail . . . vanish away--The same Greek verb is used for both; and that different from the Greek verb for "faileth." Translate, "Shall be done away with," that is, shall be dispensed with at the Lord's coming, being superseded by their more perfect heavenly analogues; for instance, knowledge by intuition. Of "tongues," which are still more temporary, the verb is "shall cease." A primary fulfilment of Paul's statement took place when the Church attained its maturity; then "tongues" entirely "ceased," and "prophesyings" and "knowledge," so far as they were supernatural gifts of the Spirit, were superseded as no longer required when the ordinary preaching of the word, and the Scriptures of the New Testament collected together, had become established institutions.
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简体中文
9, 10. 局部——局部且不完全。试比较与"完全人"、"基督长成的身量"
（弗4:11-13）
相似的对比。
英語原文
9, 10. in part--partially and imperfectly. Compare a similar contrast to the "perfect man," "the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ"
(Eph 4:11-13).
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简体中文
10. 有限的——零碎且孤立的。
英語原文
10. that which is in part--fragmentary and isolated.
11
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简体中文
11. 孩子的时候——
（林前3:1; 14:20）。
说话——暗指"方言"。
心思——或"怀有……的心情"。暗指"先知讲道"。
意念——希腊文作"推理"或"判断"；暗指"知识"。
既成了……就把——宜作"既成了人，就把孩子的事丢弃了"。
英語原文
11. When . . . a child--
(1Co 3:1; 14:20).
I spake--alluding to "tongues."
understood--or, "had the sentiments of." Alluding to "prophecy."
I thought--Greek "reasoned" or "judged"; alluding to "knowledge."
when I became . . . I put away--rather, "now that I am become a man, I have done away with the things of the child."
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简体中文
12. 如今——在我们现今的状态中。
看——一个恰当的表达，与"先知"即"先见"
（撒上9:9）
相连。
对着镜子——即在镜子里；镜子中的影像在眼中似乎在镜子的后面，所以我们是透过镜子看见它。古时的镜子用磨光的铜或其他金属制成。对比的是：借着在模糊的镜子（如古时的镜子）中看见影像所得的不充分的认识，与直接看见物体本身所得的完全观念。
模糊——直译"以谜语"。正如"镜子"将影像传达给眼，照样"谜语"传达给耳。但"眼或耳"都不能完全代表（虽然信徒的灵魂如今得着小小的启示）"神为爱祂之人所预备的事"
（林前2:9）。
保罗暗指
民12:8，
"不在谜语中"；七十士译本作"不在谜语中"。与其他先知所得的异象和异梦相比，神与摩西的交通"不是谜语"。但与将来对神直觉且直接的看见相比，即使是如今所启示的道，也是"一篇暗昧的话"，或是借着谜语对神反照之形像的影射。参
彼后1:19，
那里暗处中的"光"或灯与破晓的"日"相对。神的话在
林后3:18
也称为镜子。
到那时——"等那完全的来到"
（林前13:10）。
面对面——不只是"面对面"
（民12:8）。
创32:30
是一个预表
（约1:50, 51）。
知道……知道——如希腊文译作"完全知道……被完全知道"。如今我们是被神知道，过于知道神
（林前8:3； 加4:9）。
英語原文
12. now--in our present state.
see--an appropriate expression, in connection with the "prophets" of seers
(1Sa 9:9).
through a glass--that is, in a mirror; the reflection seeming to the eye to be behind the mirror, so that we see it through the mirror. Ancient mirrors were made of polished brass or other metals. The contrast is between the inadequate knowledge of an object gained by seeing it reflected in a dim mirror (such as ancient mirrors were), compared with the perfect idea we have of it by seeing itself directly.
darkly--literally, "in enigma." As a "mirror" conveys an image to the eye, so an "enigma" to the ear. But neither "eye nor ear" can fully represent (though the believer's soul gets a small revelation now of) "the things which God hath prepared for them that love Him"
(1Co 2:9).
Paul alludes to
Nu 12:8,
"not in dark speeches"; the Septuagint, "not in enigmas." Compared with the visions and dreams vouchsafed to other prophets, God's communications with Moses were "not in enigmas." But compared with the intuitive and direct vision of God hereafter, even the revealed word now is "a dark discourse," or a shadowing forth by enigma of God's reflected likeness. Compare
2Pe 1:19,
where the "light" or candle in a dark place stands in contrast with the "day" dawning. God's word is called a glass or mirror also in
2Co 3:18.
then--"when that which is perfect is come"
(1Co 13:10).
face to face--not merely "mouth to mouth"
(Nu 12:8).
Ge 32:30
was a type
(Joh 1:50, 51).
know . . . known--rather as Greek, "fully know . . . fully known." Now we are known by, rather than know, God
(1Co 8:3; Ga 4:9).
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简体中文
13. 如今——译作"但如今"。"在这现今状态中"〔亨德森〕。或"如今"不表示时间，而是反对，如
林前5:11，
"情形既如此"〔格罗提乌斯〕；然而情形却是：这三样恩赐——"先知讲道"、"方言"、"知识"（引为全类的样本）"都停止了"
（林前13:8），
常存的只有这三样——信、望、爱。在一种意义上，信与望将归于无有——信被看见所取代，望被实际享受所取代
（罗8:24； 林后5:7）；
而爱——慈爱——却永不止息
（林前13:8）。
但在另一种意义上，"信与望"以及"爱"都常存；即在那非常的恩赐停止之后；因为这三样在一切时代对救恩都是必需且足够的，而非常之恩赐则完全不然；参"常存"之用法， 林前3:14。
爱特别与圣灵相连，圣灵是弟兄之间相爱联合的纽带
（罗15:30； 西1:8）。
信向着神。望为我们自己。爱是对神的爱，这爱在我们里面造出对邻舍的爱。在不信者身上，这三样对面——不信、绝望、仇恨——或多或少都有。即使在此后，信在倚靠神的意义上"常存"；照样"望"——论及前面不断新的喜乐，并论及那不断增加的福气之期待，这期待必不落空。但唯独爱在一切意义上"常存"；所以它是三者中"最大的"，也因为它预设了"信"——而"信"若无"爱"及其所结的"行为"便是死的
（加5:6； 雅2:17, 20）。
如今——宜作"并且"；因为爱与其余二者——信与望——之间并无太强的对立，后二者如爱一样也"常存"。
英語原文
13. And now--Translate, "But now." "In this present state" [HENDERSON]. Or, "now" does not express time, but opposition, as in
1Co 5:11,
"the case being so" [GROTIUS]; whereas it is the case that the three gifts, "prophecy," "tongues," and "knowledge" (cited as specimens of the whole class of gifts) "fail"
(1Co 13:8),
there abide permanently only these three--faith, hope, charity. In one sense faith and hope shall be done away, faith being superseded by sight, and hope by actual fruition
(Ro 8:24; 2Co 5:7);
and charity, or love, alone never faileth
(1Co 13:8).
But in another sense, "faith and hope," as well as "charity," ABIDE; namely, after the extraordinary gifts have ceased; for those three are necessary and sufficient for salvation at all times, whereas the extraordinary gifts are not at all so; compare the use of "abide,"
1Co 3:14.
Charity, or love, is connected specially with the Holy Spirit, who is the bond of the loving union between the brethren
(Ro 15:30; Col 1:8).
Faith is towards God. Hope is in behalf of ourselves. Charity is love to God creating in us love towards our neighbor. In an unbeliever there is more or less of the three opposites--unbelief, despair, hatred. Even hereafter faith in the sense of trust in God "abideth"; also "hope," in relation to ever new joys in prospect, and at the anticipation of ever increasing blessedness, sure never to be disappointed. But love alone in every sense "abideth"; it is therefore "the greatest" of the three, as also because it presupposes "faith," which without "love" and its consequent "works" is dead
(Ga 5:6; Jas 2:17, 20).
but--rather, "and"; as there is not so strong opposition between charity and the other two, faith and hope, which like it also "abide."
林前13:1-13.
爱（仁爱）胜过一切恩赐。
这是新约中爱的诗篇，正如旧约中的第四十五篇（见
诗45:1
标题）与《雅歌》。
1. 方言——由此他上升到"先知讲道"
（林前13:2）；
然后到"信"；再到仁慈和自我牺牲的行为：层层递进。他连自己也不除外，于是从对他们说话（"你们"， 林前12:31）
转到以自己的立场设例："我若"等。
能说万人的方言——具有在哥林多备受推崇的口才（例如亚波罗， 徒18:24；
参
林前1:12; 3:21, 22），
并通晓各种语言，哥林多人中有些人将之滥用为纯粹的炫耀
（林前14:2
等）。
天使的话语——高于人，故可推想说的是更超绝的语言。
爱——圣灵寻常且更重要的恩赐之原则，与非常之恩赐相对
（林前12:1-31）。
鸣的……响的——没有灵魂或感情的声音：无爱的"方言"正是如此。
钹——记载有两种
（诗150:5），
大声或清脆的，与高声的：手钹与指钹，或响板。其声尖锐刺耳。