1
1Sa 21:1-7.
简体中文
英語原文
1Sa 21:1-7.
DAVID, AT NOB, OBTAINS OF AHIMELECH HALLOWED BREAD.
1. Then came David to Nob to Ahimelech--Nob, a city of the priests
(1Sa 22:19),
was in the neighborhood of Jerusalem, on the Mount of Olives--a little north of the top, and on the northeast of the city. It is computed to have been about five miles distant from Gibeah. Ahimelech, the same as Ahiah, or perhaps his brother, both being sons of Ahitub (compare
1Sa 14:3, with 1Sa 22:4-11, 20).
His object in fleeing to this place was partly for the supply of his necessities, and partly for comfort and counsel, in the prospect of leaving the kingdom.
Ahimelech was afraid at the meeting of David--suspecting some extraordinary occurrence by his appearing so suddenly, and in such a style, for his attendants were left at a little distance.
2
無題
简体中文
2节. 王吩咐我一件事，对我说，不要让人知道. 这是直接的谎言，因惧怕而生。大卫也许像许多其他人一样，以为单为保命而说的谎言是完全可以原谅的。但本质上罪恶的事，绝不会因环境而改变其不道德的性质；大卫不得不为这说谎的恶习悔改
(Ps 119:29)。
英語原文
2. The king hath commanded me a business, and hath said unto me, Let no man know--This was a direct falsehood, extorted through fear. David probably supposed, like many other persons, that a lie is quite excusable which is told for the sole purpose of saving the speaker's life. But what is essentially sinful, can never, from circumstances, change its immoral character; and David had to repent of this vice of lying
(Ps 119:29).
4
無題
简体中文
4节. 有圣饼. 他家里原会有充足的饼；但没有时间等。「圣饼」是前一日撤下的陈设饼，专为祭司之用而保留
(Le 24:9)。 在认为这饼可以合法地给大卫和他的人之前，大祭司似乎曾为此紧急情况求问了神谕
(1Sa 22:10)， 因神亲自特别赐下了可以使用圣饼的特许。
英語原文
4. there is hallowed bread--There would be plenty of bread in his house; but there was no time to wait for it. "The hallowed bread" was the old shew-bread, which had been removed the previous day, and which was reserved for the use of the priests alone
(Le 24:9).
Before entertaining the idea that this bread could be lawfully given to David and his men, the high priest seems to have consulted the oracle
(1Sa 22:10)
as to the course to be followed in this emergency. A dispensation to use the hallowed bread was specially granted by God Himself.
5
無題
简体中文
5节. 这三天. 按律法所要求的
(Ex 19:15)。 大卫和随从似乎潜伏在附近某些洞中，以躲避追捕，因此陷入极度的饥饿。
饼算是普通的. 即现在它既不再摆在主的桌上，便祭司可以吃，在我们的处境下我们也可以吃。
虽然今日才在器皿中分别为圣. 即圣饼虽是刚刚放在器皿上，礼仪的条例也必须让位于必要与怜悯的更大法则（见
Mt 12:3； 并见 Mr 2:25; Lu 6:3 注释）。
英語原文
5. these three days--as required by law
(Ex 19:15).
David and his attendants seem to have been lurking in some of the adjoining caves, to elude pursuit, and to have been, consequently, reduced to great extremities of hunger.
the bread is in a manner common--that is, now that it is no longer standing on the Lord's table. It is eaten by the priests, and may also, in our circumstances, be eaten by us.
yea, though it were sanctified this day in the vessel--that is, though the hallowed bread had been but newly placed on the vessel, the ritual ordinance would have to yield to the great law of necessity and mercy (see on
Mt 12:3;
also see
Mr 2:25; Lu 6:3).
6
無題
简体中文
6节. 那里没有别的饼. 帐幕里如此。撤下旧饼、换上新饼是在安息日进行的
(Le 24:8)， 饼在前一日烧热的炉中保温。
英語原文
6. there was no bread there--in the tabernacle. The removal of the old and the substitution of the new bread was done on the Sabbath
(Le 24:8),
the loaves being kept warm in an oven heated the previous day.
7
無題
简体中文
7节. 以东人多益. 他已经归化了希伯来宗教。
留在耶和华面前. 在帐幕那里，也许是为还愿，或因是安息日，使他不能继续旅程。
扫罗的牧人中最尊的. 古时东方君王拥有大批羊群牛群，牧长之职是重要的位置。
英語原文
7. Doeg, an Edomite--who had embraced the Hebrew religion.
detained before the Lord--at the tabernacle, perhaps, in the performance of a vow, or from its being the Sabbath, which rendered it unlawful for him to prosecute his journey.
the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul--Eastern monarchs anciently had large possessions in flocks and herds; and the office of the chief shepherd was an important one.
9
1Sa 21:9.
简体中文
撒上 21:9.
他取了歌利亚的刀。
9节. 歌利亚的刀.
(见 1Sa 17:54 注释)。
在以弗得后面. 在用以保管圣衣之处（以弗得被列为首要）。那巨人的刀作为神拯救以色列之善的记念，被保存在那稳妥之处。
这刀无可比. 不仅因其尺寸和上等的锻造，更因它是神恩待他的凭据，是他信心持续不断的激励。
英語原文
1Sa 21:9.
HE TAKES GOLIATH'S SWORD.
9. sword of Goliath--(See on
1Sa 17:54).
behind the ephod--in the place allowed for keeping the sacred vestments, of which the ephod is mentioned as the chief. The giant's sword was deposited in that safe custody as a memorial of the divine goodness in delivering Israel.
There is none like that--not only for its size and superior temper, but for its being a pledge of the divine favor to him, and a constant stimulus to his faith.
10
1Sa 21:10-15.
简体中文
1Sa 21:10-15.
在迦特 他装疯。
10. 大卫……逃到迦特王亚吉那里——迦特是非利士五大首邑之一。在这地方,他的面貌必为人所知,而作为他们最大的仇敌,手持歌利亚的剑闯入那国,看来是一项危险的尝试;但他所受的接待表明,他显然受神谕指引。亚吉为人慷慨(1Sa 27:6)。他可能希望借此削弱扫罗的实力;而在古时,大人物受邻国君王庇护乃是常事。
英語原文
1Sa 21:10-15.
AT GATH HE FEIGNS HIMSELF MAD.
10. David . . . fled . . . to Achish the king of Gath--which was one of the five principalities of the Philistines. In this place his person must have been known, and to venture into that country, he their greatest enemy, and with the sword of Goliath in his hand, would seem to have been a perilous experiment; but, doubtless, the protection he received implies that he had been directed by the divine oracle. Achish was generous
(1Sa 27:6).
He might wish to weaken the resources of Saul, and it was common in ancient times for great men to be harbored by neighboring princes.
13
無題
简体中文
13. 装疯——有人认为那是一次癫痫发作,是真的,也可能是假装的。这病以口吐白沫为缓解。
让唾沫流在胡子上——难怪亚吉以为他疯了,因为在东方,胡须受此羞辱——无论是别人所为还是自己所作——都被视为不能容忍的侮辱。
英語原文
13. feigned himself mad--It is supposed to have been an attack of epilepsy, real or perhaps only pretended. This disease is relieved by foaming at the mouth.
let his spittle fall down upon his beard--No wonder that Achish supposed him insane, as such an indignity, whether done by another, or one's self, to the beard, is considered in the East an intolerable insult.
撒上 21:1-7.
大卫在挪伯从亚希米勒那里得到圣饼。
1节. 大卫到了挪伯亚希米勒那里. 挪伯是祭司的城
(1Sa 22:19)， 位于耶路撒冷附近、橄榄山上——在山顶稍偏北处，城的东北方。据推算，距基比亚约有五英里。亚希米勒就是亚希雅，或者可能是他的兄弟，二人都是亚希突的儿子（比较
1Sa 14:3 与 1Sa 22:4-11, 20）。
他逃到此地的目的，部分是为了供给所需，部分是为了在即将离开王国的 prospect 中寻求安慰与 counsel。
亚希米勒见大卫迎接就惧怕. 因大卫突然以这样的样式出现，而把随从留在稍远处，他怀疑发生了什么非同寻常的事。