1
1Sa 24:1-7.
简体中文
英語原文
1Sa 24:1-7.
DAVID IN A CAVE AT ENGEDI CUTS OFF SAUL'S SKIRT, BUT SPARES HIS LIFE.
2
無題
简体中文
2节. 扬扫罗……去寻索大卫……在野羊的磐石上. 除了恶魔之怒的盲目痴迷之外，没有什么能驱使王到那些崎岖陡峭的悬崖间追捕被逐出法律之外的女婿，那里有难以接近的藏身之处。他所带的大军似乎给他成功的各样 prospect。但神的主权之护理挫败了他一切戒备。
英語原文
2. Saul . . . went . . . to seek David . . . upon the rocks of the wild goats--Nothing but the blind infatuation of fiendish rage could have led the king to pursue his outlawed son-in-law among those craggy and perpendicular precipices, where were inaccessible hiding places. The large force he took with him seemed to give him every prospect of success. But the overruling providence of God frustrated all his vigilance.
3
無題
简体中文
3节. 他到了羊圈. 很可能位于 Wady Chareitun 的上脊。那里有一个大洞——我很倾向于说是「那」洞——在村子废墟以东不到五分钟、干河的南侧。它位于石灰岩高处，自大卫时代以来毫无改变。入口处同样狭窄的天然拱顶，岩中同样巨大的天然厅堂（大概就是扫罗在午间炎热中躺卧歇息之处），以及大卫和跟随他的人藏身的侧室，全都一样。在那里，他们因惯于洞穴的幽暗，看见扫罗进来；而扫罗被外面强光所炫，却看不见他所苦苦逼迫的人。
英語原文
3. he came to the sheepcotes--most probably in the upper ridge of Wady Chareitun. There a large cave--I am quite disposed to say the cave--lies hardly five minutes to the east of the village ruin, on the south side of the wady. It is high upon the side of the calcareous rock, and it has undergone no change since David's time. The same narrow natural vaulting at the entrance; the same huge natural chamber in the rock, probably the place where Saul lay down to rest in the heat of the day; the same side vaults, too, where David and his men were concealed. There, accustomed to the obscurity of the cavern, they saw Saul enter, while, blinded by the glare of the light outside, he saw nothing of him whom he so bitterly persecuted.
4
無題
简体中文
4-7节. 大卫的人说……看哪，耶和华曾对你说：看哪，我将你的仇敌交在你手里. 神从未应许把扫罗交在大卫手中；但他们从 repeatedly 应许把国给他，推论王之死要借着利用眼前这样的机会来实现。大卫坚决反对跟随者催促他借逼迫者之死来结束他们彼此之苦的强烈怂恿（怀报复之心者会听从他们的建议，但大卫宁愿以善胜恶，把炭火堆在他头上）；然而他割下了王外袍衣襟的一片。这对话如何能在不引起怀疑的情况下进行、大卫如何能挨近王身边，都不难想象。扫罗军兵和牲畜的喧嚣嘈杂，这些巨大洞穴中众多的房间或隔间（其中一些在极深处被黑暗笼罩，而洞口每一个动作都看得见），大卫所割之衣可能是落在地上的一件宽松外袍、而扫罗也许睡着了——这些事实与推测，足以说明所详述的种种事件。
英語原文
4-7. the men of David said . . . Behold the day of which the Lord said unto thee, Behold, I will deliver thine enemy into thine hand--God had never made any promise of delivering Saul into David's hand; but, from the general and repeated promises of the kingdom to him, they concluded that the king's death was to be effected by taking advantage of some such opportunity as the present. David steadily opposed the urgent instigations of his followers to put an end to his and their troubles by the death of their persecutor (a revengeful heart would have followed their advice, but David rather wished to overcome evil with good, and heap coals of fire upon his head); he, however, cut off a fragment from the skirt of the royal robe. It is easy to imagine how this dialogue could be carried on and David's approach to the king's person could have been effected without arousing suspicion. The bustle and noise of Saul's military men and their beasts, the number of cells or divisions in these immense caverns (and some of them far interior) being enveloped in darkness, while every movement could be seen at the cave's mouth--the probability that the garment David cut from might have been a loose or upper cloak lying on the ground, and that Saul might have been asleep--these facts and presumptions will be sufficient to account for the incidents detailed.
8
1Sa 24:8-15.
简体中文
撒上 24:8-15.
他借此陈明己冤。
8-15节. 大卫也起来……从洞里出去，呼叫扫罗. 陡峭的悬崖虽被深谷分隔却相去不远，加上空气清澈透明，使站在一块岩石上的人能清楚地听见站在另一块岩石上说话者的话
(Jud 9:7)。 大卫的谏诤，以及当王在他手中时他没有加害王身或王权的可见证据，顷刻间刺透了扫罗的心，解除了他那狠毒的复仇之念。他承认大卫所说的为公正，认了自己的罪，并求他恩待他的家。他本性似乎容易受强烈印象所动——如这次受善而感恩的印象所感。但他性情的改善不过是短暂的——他的话是被猛烈情感之压倒所制服、不得不钦佩他所恨所惧之人的行为、敬重其品格之人所说的话。但神借此确保了大卫当下的逃脱。试想他的言语和行为。这些话——「死狗」、「跳蚤」——他用这些词如东方人一样强烈表达自己的卑微，并把自己的案件完全交托给那唯一审判人类行为、唯一属乎伸冤之神；他坚定地拒绝跟随者报复之谋；他甚至对似已加于耶和华受膏者之身的轻慢也心生悔痛；他对那悬赏缉拿他的嫉妒暴君仍献上尊敬的敬意——这些都显出一位伟大善人之宽宏，并显著地说明了他「在洞中」之时祷告的精神与力量
(Ps 142:1)。
英語原文
1Sa 24:8-15.
HE URGES THEREBY HIS INNOCENCY.
8-15. David also arose . . . and went out of the cave, and cried after Saul--The closeness of the precipitous cliffs, though divided by deep wadies, and the transparent purity of the air enable a person standing on one rock to hear distinctly the words uttered by a speaker standing on another
(Jud 9:7).
The expostulation of David, followed by the visible tokens he furnished of his cherishing no evil design against either the person or the government of the king, even when he had the monarch in his power, smote the heart of Saul in a moment and disarmed him of his fell purpose of revenge. He owned the justice of what David said, acknowledged his own guilt, and begged kindness to his house. He seems to have been naturally susceptible of strong, and, as in this instance, of good and grateful impressions. The improvement of his temper, indeed, was but transient--his language that of a man overwhelmed by the force of impetuous emotions and constrained to admire the conduct, and esteem the character, of one whom he hated and dreaded. But God overruled it for ensuring the present escape of David. Consider his language and behavior. This language--"a dead dog," "a flea," terms by which, like Eastern people, he strongly expressed a sense of his lowliness and the entire committal of his cause to Him who alone is the judge of human actions, and to whom vengeance belongs, his steady repulse of the vindictive counsels of his followers; the relentings of heart which he felt even for the apparent indignity he had done to the person of the Lord's anointed; and the respectful homage he paid the jealous tyrant who had set a price on his head--evince the magnanimity of a great and good man, and strikingly illustrate the spirit and energy of his prayer "when he was in the cave"
(Ps 142:1).
撒上 24:1-7.
大卫在隐基底洞中割下扫罗衣襟，却饶他性命。