1
1Sa 24:1-7.
繁體中文
英語原文
1Sa 24:1-7.
DAVID IN A CAVE AT ENGEDI CUTS OFF SAUL'S SKIRT, BUT SPARES HIS LIFE.
2
無題
繁體中文
2. 掃羅……去……尋索大衛……在野羊的石頭上——只有魔鬼般狂怒的盲目痴迷，才會驅使王去追緝他那被放逐的女婿，進入那些崎嶇陡峭、有無數不可攀達的藏身之所的懸崖之間。他所帶領的大軍似乎使他有望成功。但神主宰的護理挫敗了他一切的警惕。
英語原文
2. Saul . . . went . . . to seek David . . . upon the rocks of the wild goats--Nothing but the blind infatuation of fiendish rage could have led the king to pursue his outlawed son-in-law among those craggy and perpendicular precipices, where were inaccessible hiding places. The large force he took with him seemed to give him every prospect of success. But the overruling providence of God frustrated all his vigilance.
3
無題
繁體中文
3節. 他到了羊圈. 很可能位於 Wady Chareitun 的上脊。那裡有一個大洞——我很傾向於說是「那」洞——在村子廢墟以東不到五分鐘、河道的南側。它位於石灰岩高處，自大衛時代以來毫無改變。入口處同樣狹窄的天然拱頂，岩中同樣巨大的天然廳堂（大概就是掃羅在午間炎熱中躺臥歇息之處），以及大衛和跟隨他的人藏身的側室，全都一樣。在那裡，他們因慣於洞穴的幽暗，看見掃羅進來；而掃羅被外面強光所炫，卻看不見他所苦苦逼迫的人。
英語原文
3. he came to the sheepcotes--most probably in the upper ridge of Wady Chareitun. There a large cave--I am quite disposed to say the cave--lies hardly five minutes to the east of the village ruin, on the south side of the wady. It is high upon the side of the calcareous rock, and it has undergone no change since David's time. The same narrow natural vaulting at the entrance; the same huge natural chamber in the rock, probably the place where Saul lay down to rest in the heat of the day; the same side vaults, too, where David and his men were concealed. There, accustomed to the obscurity of the cavern, they saw Saul enter, while, blinded by the glare of the light outside, he saw nothing of him whom he so bitterly persecuted.
4
無題
繁體中文
4-7節. 大衛的人說……看哪，耶和華曾對你說：看哪，我將你的仇敵交在你手裏. 神從未應許把掃羅交在大衛手中；但他們從 repeatedly 應許把國給他，推論王之死要藉著利用眼前這樣的機會來實現。大衛堅決反對跟隨者催促他藉逼迫者之死來結束他們彼此之苦的強烈慫恿（懷報復之心者會聽從他們的建議，但大衛寧願以善勝惡，把炭火堆在他頭上）；然而他割下了王外袍衣襟的一片。這對話如何能在不引起懷疑的情況下進行、大衛如何能挨近王身邊，都不難想像。掃羅軍兵和牲畜的喧囂嘈雜，這些巨大洞穴中眾多的房間或隔間（其中一些在極深處被黑暗籠罩，而洞口每一個動作都看得見），大衛所割之衣可能是落在地上的一件寬鬆外袍、而掃羅也許睡著了——這些事實與推測，足以說明所詳述的種種事件。
英語原文
4-7. the men of David said . . . Behold the day of which the Lord said unto thee, Behold, I will deliver thine enemy into thine hand--God had never made any promise of delivering Saul into David's hand; but, from the general and repeated promises of the kingdom to him, they concluded that the king's death was to be effected by taking advantage of some such opportunity as the present. David steadily opposed the urgent instigations of his followers to put an end to his and their troubles by the death of their persecutor (a revengeful heart would have followed their advice, but David rather wished to overcome evil with good, and heap coals of fire upon his head); he, however, cut off a fragment from the skirt of the royal robe. It is easy to imagine how this dialogue could be carried on and David's approach to the king's person could have been effected without arousing suspicion. The bustle and noise of Saul's military men and their beasts, the number of cells or divisions in these immense caverns (and some of them far interior) being enveloped in darkness, while every movement could be seen at the cave's mouth--the probability that the garment David cut from might have been a loose or upper cloak lying on the ground, and that Saul might have been asleep--these facts and presumptions will be sufficient to account for the incidents detailed.
8
1Sa 24:8-15.
繁體中文
1Sa 24:8-15.
他藉此陳明自己的無辜。
8-15. 大衛也起來……從洞裡出去，呼叫掃羅——險峻的峭壁雖被深谷分隔，卻彼此相近，加上空氣的清澈純淨，使站在一塊岩石上的人能清楚地聽見站在另一塊岩石上的人所說的話
(Jud 9:7)。
大衛的勸諫，隨後他提出的可見證據——表明即使君王在他手中時，他也沒有對王的人身或政權懷有任何惡意——立刻刺透了掃羅的心，解除了他那凶狠的報復之念。他承認大衛所說的合理，承認自己的罪咎，並懇求善待他的家。他似乎天性容易受到強烈印象的影響，而在這個情形中，是良好而感恩的印象。然而他性情的改善不過是短暫的——他的言辭是一個被猛烈情感所壓倒、不得不欽佩他所恨惡且懼怕之人的行為與品格之人的言辭。但神藉此確保了大衛暫時的逃脫。試想他的言辭與行為。這些言辭——「死狗」、「跳蚤」——他用這些詞如東方人一樣強烈地表達了他的卑微感，並將他的案件完全交託給那惟一審判人行為、報應屬乎祂的那位；他堅定地拒絕了隨從者報復性的建議；他甚至為自己對耶和華受膏者所行的表面不敬而感到的內心後悔；以及他對那懸賞緝拿他的嫉妒暴君所表示的尊敬致敬——都顯明了一位偉大善良之人的寬宏，並生動地說明了他在「在洞中時」之禱告的精神與力量
(Ps 142:1)。
英語原文
1Sa 24:8-15.
HE URGES THEREBY HIS INNOCENCY.
8-15. David also arose . . . and went out of the cave, and cried after Saul--The closeness of the precipitous cliffs, though divided by deep wadies, and the transparent purity of the air enable a person standing on one rock to hear distinctly the words uttered by a speaker standing on another
(Jud 9:7).
The expostulation of David, followed by the visible tokens he furnished of his cherishing no evil design against either the person or the government of the king, even when he had the monarch in his power, smote the heart of Saul in a moment and disarmed him of his fell purpose of revenge. He owned the justice of what David said, acknowledged his own guilt, and begged kindness to his house. He seems to have been naturally susceptible of strong, and, as in this instance, of good and grateful impressions. The improvement of his temper, indeed, was but transient--his language that of a man overwhelmed by the force of impetuous emotions and constrained to admire the conduct, and esteem the character, of one whom he hated and dreaded. But God overruled it for ensuring the present escape of David. Consider his language and behavior. This language--"a dead dog," "a flea," terms by which, like Eastern people, he strongly expressed a sense of his lowliness and the entire committal of his cause to Him who alone is the judge of human actions, and to whom vengeance belongs, his steady repulse of the vindictive counsels of his followers; the relentings of heart which he felt even for the apparent indignity he had done to the person of the Lord's anointed; and the respectful homage he paid the jealous tyrant who had set a price on his head--evince the magnanimity of a great and good man, and strikingly illustrate the spirit and energy of his prayer "when he was in the cave"
(Ps 142:1).
撒上24:1-7。
大衛在隱基底洞中割下掃羅的衣襟，卻饒了他的性命。