1
2Ki 15:1-7.
简体中文
英語原文
2Ki 15:1-7.
AZARIAH'S REIGN OVER JUDAH.
1-7. In the twenty and seventh year of Jeroboam--It is thought that the throne of Judah continued vacant eleven or twelve years, between the death of Amaziah and the inauguration of his son Azariah. Being a child only four years old when his father was murdered, a regency was appointed during Azariah's minority.
began Azariah . . . to reign--The character of his reign is described by the brief formula employed by the inspired historian, in recording the religious policy of the later kings. But his reign was a very active as well as eventful one, and is fully related
(2Ch 26:1-23).
Elated by the possession of great power, and presumptuously arrogating to himself, as did the heathen kings, the functions both of the real and sacerdotal offices, he was punished with leprosy, which, as the offense was capital
(Nu 8:7),
was equivalent to death, for this disease excluded him from all society. While Jotham, his son, as his viceroy, administered the affairs of the kingdom--being about fifteen years of age (compare
2Ki 15:33)
--he had to dwell in a place apart by himself (see on
2Ki 7:3).
After a long reign he died, and was buried in the royal burying-field, though not in the royal cemetery of "the city of David"
(2Ch 26:23).
8
2Ki 15:8-16.
简体中文
2Ki 15:8-16.
撒迦利雅 在以色列 作王
8-10. 犹大王亚撒利雅第三十八年,耶罗波安的儿子撒迦利雅在以色列作王——耶罗波安与其子继位之间,因某种不明原因,有一段空位时期;据一些人说持续十或十二年,据另一些人说则达二十二年或更多。这王子沿袭金牛犊崇拜的宗教政策,他在位日短,因暴力之手而骤然终止。在他身上应验了对耶户所说的预言
(2Ki 10:30;
又
Ho 1:4),
即他的家族将拥有以色列宝座四代;因此约哈斯、约阿施、耶罗波安(即约兰)、撒迦利雅相继继位——但他的王朝到此终结;或许正是这预言之公开为人所知,促使沙龙动了杀机。
英語原文
2Ki 15:8-16.
ZECHARIAH'S REIGN OVER ISRAEL.
8-10. In the thirty and eighth year of Azariah king of Judah did Zechariah the son of Jeroboam reign over Israel--There was an interregnum from some unknown cause between the reign of Jeroboam and the accession of his son, which lasted, according to some, for ten or twelve years, according to others, for twenty-two years, or more. This prince pursued the religious policy of the calf-worship, and his reign was short, being abruptly terminated by the hand of violence. In his fate was fulfilled the prophecy addressed to Jehu
(2Ki 10:30;
also
Ho 1:4),
that his family would possess the throne of Israel for four generations; and accordingly Jehoahaz, Joash, Jehoram, and Zechariah were his successors--but there his dynasty terminated; and perhaps it was the public knowledge of this prediction that prompted the murderous design of Shallum.
13
無題
简体中文
13-17. 沙龙……整整一个月——他遭到米拿现的对抗并被杀;据 JOSEPHUS 所言,米拿现是军队的统帅,这支军队在闻王被弑之后,正在围攻得撒——撒玛利亚以东十二英里的一座城,从前是以色列诸王的驻地。米拿现撤围,直取篡位者,杀了他,代之为王。
英語原文
13-17. Shallum . . . reigned a full month--He was opposed and slain by Menahem, who, according to JOSEPHUS, was commander of the forces, which, on the report of the king's murder, were besieging Tirzah, a town twelve miles east of Samaria, and formerly a seat of the kings of Israel. Raising the siege, he marched directly against the usurper, slew him, and reigned in his stead.
16
無題
简体中文
16. 米拿现……攻打提弗萨——即幼发拉底河上的 Thapsacus,是所罗门国的边境城
(1Ki 4:24)。
居民拒绝向他开门,米拿现便以武力攻取。随后大肆劫掠,行了最野蛮的暴行,不分老幼男女。
英語原文
16. Menahem . . . smote Tiphsah--Thapsacus, on the Euphrates, the border city of Solomon's kingdom
(1Ki 4:24).
The inhabitants refusing to open their gates to him, Menahem took it by storm. Then having spoiled it, he committed the most barbarous excesses, without regard either to age or sex.
17
2Ki 15:17-21.
简体中文
2Ki 15:17-21.
米拿现 的统治
17. 在撒玛利亚作王十年——他的政府沿袭前任诸王的宗教政策。
英語原文
2Ki 15:17-21.
MENAHEM'S REIGN.
17. reigned ten years in Samaria--His government was conducted on the religious policy of his predecessors.
19
無題
简体中文
19. 亚述王普勒——这是圣经历史中除宁录之外所提到的第一位亚述王。近来他的名字已被认定与尼尼微碑刻上的 Phalluka 相同,而米拿现的名字也已被发现。
来攻击这地——别处说「以法莲[以色列]往亚述去」
[Ho 5:13]。
两处记载可如此调和:「普勒自行其意——或许因米拿现攻打 Thapsacus 的远征而激发——进军以色列国;于是米拿现送他一千他连得银子,不仅为要转移他的征服计划,更要同时购买他的友谊和援助,以确立自己摇摇欲坠的主权。所以米拿现其实并未正式邀请亚述人入境,只是藉这贡物,将向该国进军的仇敌变为保障其篡位统治的盟友。先知何西阿,与其说关心史实本身,不如说关心其中所暴露的意向,很可能将此谴责为以法莲之归向亚述人
(Ho 5:13; 7:1; 8:9),
和与亚述结盟」
(2Ki 12:1)
[KEIL]。
一千他连得银子——合二十六万二千二百英镑。米拿现藉向以色列贵胄征税来筹集这笔贡银,贿赂普勒使其退兵回国(参
1Ch 5:26)。
英語原文
19. Pul the king of Assyria--This is the first Assyrian king after Nimrod who is mentioned in biblical history. His name has been recently identified with that of Phalluka on the monuments of Nineveh, and that of Menahem discovered also.
came against the land--Elsewhere it is said "Ephraim [Israel] went to the Assyrian"
[Ho 5:13].
The two statements may be reconciled thus: "Pul, of his own motion, induced, perhaps, by the expedition of Menahem against Thapsacus, advanced against the kingdom of Israel; then Menahem sent him a thousand talents in order not only to divert him from his plans of conquest, but at the same time to purchase his friendship and aid for the establishment of his own precarious sovereignty. So Menahem did not properly invite the Assyrian into the land, but only changed the enemy when marching against the country, by this tribute, into a confederate for the security of his usurped dominion. This the prophet Hosea, less concerned about the historical fact than the disposition betrayed therein, might very well censure as a going of Ephraim to the Assyrians
(Ho 5:13; 7:1; 8:9),
and a covenant-making with Asshur"
(2Ki 12:1)
[KEIL].
a thousand talents of silver--Equal to £262,200. This tribute, which Menahem raised by a tax on the grandees of Israel, bribed Pul to return to his own country (see on
1Ch 5:26).
22
2Ki 15:22-24.
简体中文
2Ki 15:22-24.
比加辖 的统治
英語原文
2Ki 15:22-24.
PEKAHIAH'S REIGN.
23
無題
简体中文
23. 米拿现的儿子比加辖登基——将此处所给的日期与亚撒利雅的执政年代相比,看来米拿现驾崩与比加辖继位之间相隔了数月,大概因王位的争夺所致。
英語原文
23. Pekahiah . . . son of Menahem began to reign--On comparing the date given with Azariah's reign, it seems that several months had intervened between the death of Menahem and the accession of Pekahiah, probably owing to a contest about the throne.
25
無題
简体中文
25. 同亚基布和亚列等——许多注释家认为这些是那将领的同谋。但更可能他们是王的有势力的朋友,与王一同被杀。
英語原文
25. with Argob and Arieh, &c.--Many commentators view these as the captain's accomplices. But it is more probable that they were influential friends of the king, who were murdered along with him.
27
2Ki 15:27-31.
简体中文
2Ki 15:27-31.
比加 的统治
英語原文
2Ki 15:27-31.
PEKAH'S REIGN.
29
無題
简体中文
29. 以色列王比加的日子,提革拉毗列色来——这位君王继普勒之后登上亚述宝座,是所有王中惟一没有给出其谱系的,因此被推测为篡位者。他的编年史已在尼姆鲁德土丘被发现,其中描述了这次对叙利亚的远征。所攻取的地点按其在入侵过程中先后被征服的次序在此一一列出。
英語原文
29. in the days of Pekah king of Israel came Tiglath-pileser--This monarch, who succeeded Pul on the throne of Assyria, is the only one of all the kings who does not give his genealogy, and is therefore supposed to have been an usurper. His annals have been discovered in the Nimroud mound, describing this expedition into Syria. The places taken are here mentioned as they occurred and were conquered in the progress of an invasion.
30
無題
简体中文
30. 以拉的儿子何细亚阴谋……杀了他——然而他并未在犯此罪后约九或十年才取得王国[HALES]。
约坦第二十年——约坦在位只有十六年,但意思为何细亚的执政是在约坦执政开始后第二十年。神圣历史学家既尚未引入亚哈斯之名,便按他已提及的约坦来推算年代(参
2Ch 27:8)。
英語原文
30. Hoshea the son of Elah made a conspiracy . . . and slew him--He did not, however, obtain possession of the kingdom till about nine or ten years after the perpetration of this crime [HALES].
in the twentieth year of Jotham--Jotham's reign lasted only sixteen years, but the meaning is that the reign of Hoshea began in the twentieth after the beginning of Jotham's reign. The sacred historian, having not yet introduced the name of Ahaz, reckoned the date by Jotham, whom he had already mentioned (see
2Ch 27:8).
32
2Ki 15:32-38.
简体中文
2Ki 15:32-38.
约坦 在犹大 作王
英語原文
2Ki 15:32-38.
JOTHAM'S REIGN OVER JUDAH.
33
無題
简体中文
33. 他登基的时候年二十五岁——即独自执政——因为他此前已作为其父的副手执政
[2Ki 15:5]。
英語原文
33. Five and twenty years was he when he began to reign--that is, alone--for he had ruled as his father's viceroy
[2Ki 15:5].
35
無題
简体中文
35. 耶和华殿的上门——不是圣殿本身,而是其一个院子;大概是通往王宫的那一个
(2Ch 23:20)。
英語原文
35. the higher gate of the house of the Lord--not the temple itself, but one of its courts; probably that which led into the palace
(2Ch 23:20).
37
無題
简体中文
37. 耶和华才使亚兰王利汛等攻击犹大——这是以色列和亚兰诸王对犹大敌意的初次暗示,这一敌意导致他们结盟并共同备战。 [参
2Ch 27:5。]
然而,战争实际上直到亚哈斯在位才爆发。
英語原文
37. the Lord began to send against Judah Rezin the king of Syria, &c.--This is the first intimation of the hostile feelings of the kings of Israel and Syria, to Judah, which led them to form an alliance and make joint preparations for war. [See on
2Ch 27:5.]
However, war was not actually waged till the reign of Ahaz.
2Ki 15:1-7.
亚撒利雅 在犹大 作王
1-7. 耶罗波安第二十七年——据推测,在亚玛谢驾崩与其子亚撒利雅登基之间,犹大宝座空悬了十一、十二年之久。亚撒利雅在其父被弑时,只是一个年仅四岁的孩童,故在他未成年期间设立了摄政。
亚撒利雅……登基作王——其治国的情形,由受感的历史学家在记述后期列王的宗教政策时所惯用的简短公式来描述。但他的统治既积极活跃,又充满重大事件,详见
(2Ch 26:1-23)。
他因大权在握而心高气傲,妄自尊大,像外邦君王一样僭取了君王与祭司的双重职分,遂受罚染上大麻风;因这罪当处死
(Nu 8:7),
故大麻风便等同于死刑,因为这病使他无法与任何人来往。他的儿子约坦——约十五岁(参
2Ki 15:33)—— 作为他的副手治理国政时,他只能独自住在隔离之所(参
2Ki 7:3)。
他在位日久,驾崩后葬于王家的坟地,却不在「大卫城」的王家陵墓中
(2Ch 26:23)。