1
2Sa 10:1-5.
繁體中文
英語原文
2Sa 10:1-5.
DAVID'S MESSENGERS, SENT TO COMFORT HANUN, ARE DISGRACEFULLY TREATED.
2
無題
繁體中文
2. 大衛說，我要照拿轄的兒子哈嫩的父親待我的恩慈恩待哈嫩——這拿轄大概就是掃羅在基列雅比與之交戰的那一位
（撒上11:11）。
大衛離開性命堪憂的迦特之後，曾在摩押王那裏尋得避難之所；而亞捫人的王拿轄既是他的近鄰，也許在掃羅與大衛相爭之際，他因與掃羅為敵，便對大衛善待有加。
英語原文
2. Then said David, I will show kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father showed kindness unto me--It is probable that this was the Nahash against whom Saul waged war at Jabesh-gilead
(1Sa 11:11).
David, on leaving Gath, where his life was exposed to danger, found an asylum with the king of Moab; and as Nahash, king of the Ammonites, was his nearest neighbor, it may be that during the feud between Saul and David, he, through enmity to the former, was kind and hospitable to David.
3
無題
繁體中文
3. 亞捫人的首領對哈嫩說——他們的疑心既非因大衛有任何公開的舉動，也非因他懷有什麼圖謀：必是源於他們明知神的律法對他們的咒詛
（申23:3-6），
也知道大衛一向堅守這一國策。
英語原文
3. the princes of the children of Ammon said unto Hanun--Their suspicion was not warranted either by any overt act or by any cherished design of David: it must have originated in their knowledge of the denunciations of God's law against them
(De 23:3-6),
and of David's policy in steadfastly adhering to it.
4
無題
繁體中文
4. 哈嫩將大衛的臣僕捉拿，剃去他們一半的鬍鬚——希伯來人和其他東方人都穿長袍，衣服一旦被截短，他們的模樣必定顯得十分粗鄙可笑。況且在東方，鬍鬚向來極受尊重和珍視，對其任何的侮辱都意味著極大的羞辱；明白了這一點，就能理解這些使者所感的羞恥，以及全以色列聽聞這樁暴行後所爆發的復仇決心。近代波斯的史乘中，記載了兩樁傲慢專橫的君王所施的類似侮辱，並因此引發戰爭的事例；因此，大衛為這肆意而公然的暴行起誓復仇，我們也就不必驚訝了。
英語原文
4. Hanun took David's servants, and shaved off the one half of their beards--From the long flowing dress of the Hebrews and other Orientals, the curtailment of their garments must have given them an aspect of gross indelicacy and ludicrousness. Besides, a knowledge of the extraordinary respect and value which has always been attached, and the gross insult that is implied in any indignity offered, to the beard in the East, will account for the shame which the deputies felt, and the determined spirit of revenge which burst out in all Israel on learning the outrage. Two instances are related in the modern history of Persia, of similar insults by kings of haughty and imperious temper, involving the nation in war; and we need not, therefore, be surprised that David vowed revenge for this wanton and public outrage.
5
無題
繁體中文
5. 可以住在耶利哥——即渡過約旦河的渡口之後，住在那附近。
英語原文
5. Tarry at Jericho--or in the neighborhood, after crossing the fords of the Jordan.
6
2Sa 10:6-14.
繁體中文
2Sa 10:6-14.
亞捫人被擊敗。
6-14. 亞捫人見自己在大衛眼中有了惡臭——為要懲罰那些違背萬國通法、無禮而不義的亞捫人，大衛派了一支大軍在約押率領之下出征；他們得知進攻在即，便積極備戰，僱用了大批亞蘭傭兵來抵禦。
伯利合——黎巴嫩與反黎巴嫩之間低地的首邑。
鎖巴——（參見
撒下8:3的註釋）。
瑪迦王的人——他的領地在約旦河對岸，靠近基列
（申3:14）。
以實突——即「陀伯人」——耶弗他四處劫掠冒險之地（另見
代上19:6； 詩60:1
題註）。當以色列兵丁湧入亞捫境內時，那百姓在邊界的米底巴城迎擊他們
（代上19:7-9）， 本地軍隊護衛城池，亞蘭傭兵則在稍遠的田野安營。約押在進攻時，將兵力分為兩支——一支由他兄弟亞比篩率領，集中攻擊城池；他自己則率軍迎擊那支勢不可擋的傭兵援軍。這是一場正義而必要的戰爭，是以色列被迫而戰的，他們可以盼望神的祝福臨到他們的兵器。戰事明智地從傭兵開始，他們抵擋不住約押的猛烈攻勢，又因不以此為切身之事，便以逃命自保。亞捫人既主要仰仗外援，便退回城內據守。
英語原文
2Sa 10:6-14.
THE AMMONITES OVERCOME.
6-14. when the children of Ammon saw that they stank before David--To chastise those insolent and inhospitable Ammonites, who had violated the common law of nations, David sent a large army under the command of Joab, while they, informed of the impending attack, made energetic preparations to repel it by engaging the services of an immense number of Syrian mercenaries.
Beth-rehob--the capital of the low-lying region between Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon.
Zoba--(see on
2Sa 8:3).
of king Maacah--His territories lay on the other side of Jordan, near Gilead
(De 3:14).
Ish-tob--that is, "the men of Tob"--the place of Jephthah's marauding adventures (see also
1Ch 19:6; Ps 60:1,
title). As the Israelite soldiers poured into the Ammonite territory, that people met them at the frontier town of Medeba
(1Ch 19:7-9),
the native troops covering the city, while the Syrian mercenaries lay at some distance encamped in the fields. In making the attack, Joab divided his forces into two separate detachments--the one of which, under the command of his brother, Abishai, was to concentrate its attack upon the city, while he himself marched against the overwhelming host of mercenary auxiliaries. It was a just and necessary war that had been forced on Israel, and they could hope for the blessing of God upon their arms. With great judgment the battle opened against the mercenaries, who could not stand against the furious onset of Joab, and not feeling the cause their own, consulted their safety by flight. The Ammonites, who had placed their chief dependence upon a foreign aid, then retreated to entrench themselves within the walls of the town.
14
無題
繁體中文
14. 於是約押回耶路撒冷去了——大概是季節已晚，不宜進行圍城之戰。
英語原文
14. So Joab returned and came to Jerusalem--Probably the season was too far advanced for entering on a siege.
15
2Sa 10:15-19.
繁體中文
2Sa 10:15-19.
亞蘭人被擊敗。
英語原文
2Sa 10:15-19.
THE SYRIANS DEFEATED.
16
無題
繁體中文
16. 哈大底謝差人去將大河那邊的亞蘭人調出來——這位君王自從
(2Sa 8:3)
戰敗之後，得了一個喘息的機會。但他見大衛的勢力和威望日漸增長而驚恐，又因自己是亞捫人的盟友，便在敘利亞和美索不達米亞招募了一支大軍，要來侵犯希伯來王國。他的將軍朔巴照此計畫，把軍隊開到瑪拿西東部的邊城希蘭；大衛以急行軍渡過約旦河，出其不意地奇襲他們，將他們擊潰驅散。這場大捷之後，敘利亞各小國紛紛歸順，成為他的進貢國（見
1Ch 19:1 的註解）。
英語原文
16. Hadarezer sent and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river--This prince had enjoyed a breathing time after his defeat
(2Sa 8:3).
But alarmed at the increasing power and greatness of David, as well as being an ally of the Ammonites, he levied a vast army not only in Syria, but in Mesopotamia, to invade the Hebrew kingdom. Shobach, his general, in pursuance of this design, had marched his troops as far as Kelam, a border town of eastern Manasseh, when David, crossing the Jordan by forced marches, suddenly surprised, defeated, and dispersed them. As a result of this great and decisive victory, all the petty kingdoms of Syria submitted and became his tributaries (see on
1Ch 19:1).
2Sa 10:1-5.
大衛差遣去安慰哈嫩的使者，受到羞辱的對待。