1
2Sa 1:1-16.
繁體中文
英語原文
2Sa 1:1-16.
AN AMALEKITE BRINGS TIDINGS OF SAUL'S DEATH.
1. David had abode two days in Ziklag--Though greatly reduced by the Amalekite incendiaries, that town was not so completely sacked and destroyed, but David and his six hundred followers, with their families, could still find some accommodation.
2
無題
繁體中文
2-12. 有一個人從掃羅的營裏出來——前一章所記掃羅之死的事既出於靈感，便當視為真實的記述；而那亞瑪力人的話則是他自己編造的謊言，為要在王位假定繼承人大衛面前討好。大衛所問「事情怎樣了？」顯明他對戰事的深切關注，這關注源於高尚而慷慨的愛國之心，並非出於野心。然而那亞瑪力人卻斷定他是出於私心，便編造了一個既不合情理又自相矛盾的故事，以為這樣可以得著賞賜。他大概目睹了掃羅自盡的一幕，便想藉此為自己謀利，結果因這大錯特錯的算計而付出了生命的代價（將
撒下1:9
與撒上31:4、5相比較）。
英語原文
2-12. a man came out of the camp from Saul--As the narrative of Saul's death, given in the last chapter, is inspired, it must be considered the true account, and the Amalekite's story a fiction of his own, invented to ingratiate himself with David, the presumptive successor to the throne. David's question, "How went the matter?" evinces the deep interest he took in the war, an interest that sprang from feelings of high and generous patriotism, not from views of ambition. The Amalekite, however, judging him to be actuated by a selfish principle, fabricated a story improbable and inconsistent, which he thought would procure him a reward. Having probably witnessed the suicidal act of Saul, he thought of turning it to his own account, and suffered the penalty of his grievously mistaken calculation (compare
2Sa 1:9 with 1Sa 31:4, 5).
10
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繁體中文
10. 冠冕——一頂小小的金屬帽或環狀冠，環繞著額頭兩側，起頭盔的作用，前面有一個很小的角凸出，作為權力的象徵。
他臂上的鐲子——戴在肘上方的臂環；這是古代君王尊嚴的標記。至今一些東方國家的君王仍然佩戴。
英語原文
10. the crown--a small metallic cap or wreath, which encircled the temples, serving the purpose of a helmet, with a very small horn projecting in front, as the emblem of power.
the bracelet that was on his arm--the armlet worn above the elbow; an ancient mark of royal dignity. It is still worn by kings in some Eastern countries.
13
無題
繁體中文
13-15. 大衛對少年人說……你是哪裡的人——那人起初已說明了自己的身分。但這時大衛正式以司法程序質問他。加諸於那亞瑪力人的刑罰似乎過於嚴厲，但西方人對君王的敬重要作為東方人對王室尊嚴所當盡之禮的標準，並不合適。大衛對掃羅——耶和華的受膏者——的敬畏，在他心中是一條原則，他在多次極大的試探中始終忠實地堅守。在當前的情形下，他這個原則為人所共知，尤為重要；要洗脫自己與那可咒詛的弒君罪行有任何瓜葛的嫌疑，既是義人法官當盡的本分，也是高明政治家的舉措。
英語原文
13-15. David said unto the young man . . . Whence art thou?--The man had at the outset stated who he was. But the question was now formally and judicially put. The punishment inflicted on the Amalekite may seem too severe, but the respect paid to kings in the West must not be regarded as the standard for that which the East may think due to royal station. David's reverence for Saul, as the Lord's anointed, was in his mind a principle on which he had faithfully acted on several occasions of great temptation. In present circumstances it was especially important that his principle should be publicly known; and to free himself from the imputation of being in any way accessory to the execrable crime of regicide was the part of a righteous judge, no less than of a good politician.
17
2Sa 1:17-27.
繁體中文
2Sa 1:17-27.
大衛哀悼掃羅和約拿單。
17, 18. 大衛作了這首哀歌——東方人歷來的習俗，是在偉大的君王和勇士離世之時，用喪歌來頌揚他們的品德和事蹟。許多作家認為，這首無可比擬的動人哀歌後來成了國家的戰歌，並以「弓」之名教導以色列的少年人；這與希伯來人和許多古典作家以詩歌的主旨為題的習慣相符
(Ps 22:1; 56:1; 60:1; 80:1; 100:1)。
雖然「學習」一詞是譯者所加的補充，卻加得恰當；因為這句插語的自然含義是：大衛立即採取措施，教導百姓認識和練習弓箭之術，因為在這一項軍事裝備上以色列遠遜於敵人，這正是這次國家慘敗的主因。
英語原文
2Sa 1:17-27.
DAVID LAMENTS SAUL AND JONATHAN.
17, 18. David lamented with this lamentation--It has always been customary for Eastern people, on the death of great kings and warriors, to celebrate their qualities and deeds in funeral songs. This inimitable pathetic elegy is supposed by many writers to have become a national war song, and to have been taught to the young Israelites under the name of "The Bow," in conformity with the practice of Hebrew and many classical writers in giving titles to their songs from the principal theme
(Ps 22:1; 56:1; 60:1; 80:1; 100:1).
Although the words "the use of" are a supplement by our translators, they may be rightly introduced, for the natural sense of this parenthetical verse is, that David took immediate measures for instructing the people in the knowledge and practice of archery, their great inferiority to the enemy in this military arm having been the main cause of the late national disaster.
19
無題
繁體中文
19. 以色列的榮美在高處被殺——字面作「以色列的瞪羚」或「羚羊」。在東方各國，這動物是美好和體態勻稱的公認象徵。
大英雄何竟死亡——這構成了副歌。
英語原文
19. The beauty of Israel is slain upon thy high places--literally, "the gazelle" or "antelope of Israel." In Eastern countries, that animal is the chosen type of beauty and symmetrical elegance of form.
how are the mighty fallen!--This forms the chorus.
21
無題
繁體中文
21. 願那裡沒有露水，也沒有雨——那些古時耕種的山嶺，因氣候溫和滋潤，在五穀收成時似乎豐盛地出產初熟的土產；詩人那撕裂的心腸所能想像的最大災禍，就是失去這樣溫和氣候的滋潤。這咒詛似乎至今仍在他們身上；因為基利波山至今仍舊光禿貧瘠。
大英雄的盾牌被丟棄如污穢之物——丟棄盾牌被視為國家的恥辱。然而在基利波那場致命的戰役中，許多從前在歷次戰役中表現英勇無畏的猶太士兵，竟忘記了自己的聲譽和國家的尊嚴，丟棄了盾牌，從戰場上逃跑了。大衛用極其動人的筆觸，含蓄地提到了這可恥而怯懦的行為。
英語原文
21. let there be no dew, neither let there be rain--To be deprived of the genial atmospheric influences which, in those anciently cultivated hills, seem to have reared plenty of first-fruits in the corn harvests, was specified as the greatest calamity the lacerated feelings of the poet could imagine. The curse seems still to lie upon them; for the mountains of Gilboa are naked and sterile.
the shield of the mighty is vilely cast away--To cast away the shield was counted a national disgrace. Yet, on that fatal battle of Gilboa, many of the Jewish soldiers, who had displayed unflinching valor in former battles, forgetful of their own reputation and their country's honor, threw away their shields and fled from the field. This dishonorable and cowardly conduct is alluded to with exquisitely touching pathos.
24
無題
繁體中文
24-27. 以色列的女子啊，當為掃羅哭號；他曾使你們穿朱紅色的美衣云云——東方婦女從前對衣著的講究，至今仍是他們的特徵。這表現在他們對鮮豔、華麗、多彩顏色的喜愛，對各樣飾物的炫耀，以及其他許多方面。詩人最深處的感情被攪動了；他那仁厚的性情，使他極力要頌揚掃羅和約拿單的種種美德。但後者的頌讚才是這首詩的主旨；這首詩開頭和結尾都提到那位卓越的王子。
英語原文
24-27. Ye daughters of Israel, weep over Saul, who clothed you in scarlet, with other delights, &c.--The fondness for dress, which anciently distinguished Oriental women, is their characteristic still. It appears in their love of bright, gay, and divers colors, in profuse display of ornaments, and in various other forms. The inmost depths of the poet's feeling are stirred, and his amiable disposition appears in the strong desire to celebrate the good qualities of Saul, as well as Jonathan. But the praises of the latter form the burden of the poem, which begins and ends with that excellent prince.
2Sa 1:1-16.
亞瑪力人報掃羅死訊。
1. 大衛在洗革拉住了兩天——那城雖被亞瑪力人放火焚掠，損失慘重，卻並未被完全劫毀，以致大衛和他的六百隨從及其家眷仍能在此找到些許安身之處。