1
De 14:1, 2.
繁體中文
英語原文
De 14:1, 2.
GOD'S PEOPLE MUST NOT DISFIGURE THEMSELVES IN MOURNING.
1. ye shall not cut yourselves . . . for the dead--It was a common practice of idolaters, both on ceremonious occasions of their worship
(1Ki 18:28),
and at funerals (compare
Jer 16:6; 41:5),
to make ghastly incisions on their faces and other parts of their persons with their finger nails or sharp instruments. The making a large bare space between the eyebrows was another heathen custom in honor of the dead (see on
Le 19:27, 28;
Le 21:5).
Such indecorous and degrading usages, being extravagant and unnatural expressions of hopeless sorrow
(1Th 4:13),
were to be carefully avoided by the Israelites, as derogatory to the character, and inconsistent with the position, of those who were the people of God
[De 14:2].
3
De 14:3-21.
繁體中文
申 14:3-21.
可吃之物，與不可吃之物。
3. 凡可憎的物都不可吃——即任何被定為不潔而禁吃的（參
利 11:1）。
英語原文
De 14:3-21.
WHAT MAY BE EATEN, AND WHAT NOT.
3. Thou shalt not eat any abominable thing--that is, anything forbidden as unclean (see on
Le 11:1).
4
De 14:4-8.
繁體中文
申 14:4-8.
論走獸。
英語原文
De 14:4-8.
OF BEASTS.
5
無題
繁體中文
5. 鹿——（參
申 12:15）。
麅子——希伯來文（Jachmur）這樣譯，並不指麅子，因麅子在亞洲西部並不存在；它是一種羚羊（Oryx leucoryx），阿拉伯人稱之為jazmar。牠通體白色，末端黑色，腿部鮮紅。所羅門餐桌上有此物。
野山羊——akko一詞與通常用來指野山羊的詞不同
(撒上 24:2; 詩 104:18; 箴 5:19)，
它被認為是一種鹿山羊，身體如鹿，頭、角和鬚如山羊。東方確有這樣的動物，稱為Lerwee〔SHAW 著Travels〕。
麀鹿（pygarg）——一種白臀羚羊（Oryx addax），雙角旋曲長約二英尺，肩高約三英尺七英寸。在以色列人曾經常出沒的地帶很常見〔SHAW〕。
野牛——據認為是努比亞大羚羊（Nubian Oryx），與上文提到的Oryx leucoryx不同，通體黑色，且體格更大、骨架更修長，雙角更長更彎。阿拉伯人稱之為Bekkar-El-Wash。
羚羊（chamois）——七十士譯本作 cameleopard（駱駝豹）；但另有一些學者正確地判斷它必是希伯來人更熟悉的動物，認為是Kebsch（Ovis tragelaphus），比普通綿羊略大，毛非羊毛而是淡紅色的毛髮——一種敘利亞的綿山羊。
英語原文
5. The hart--(see on
De 12:15).
fallow deer--The Hebrew word (Jachmur) so rendered, does not represent the fallow deer, which is unknown in Western Asia, but an antelope (Oryx leucoryx), called by the Arabs, jazmar. It is of a white color, black at the extremities, and a bright red on the thighs. It was used at Solomon's table.
wild goat--The word akko is different from that commonly used for a wild goat
(1Sa 24:2; Ps 104:18; Pr 5:19),
and it is supposed to be a goat-deer, having the body of a stag, but the head, horns, and beard of a goat. An animal of this sort is found in the East, and called Lerwee [SHAW, Travels].
pygarg--a species of antelope (Oryx addax) with white buttocks, wreathed horns two feet in length, and standing about three feet seven inches high at the shoulders. It is common in the tracks which the Israelites had frequented [SHAW].
wild ox--supposed to be the Nubian Oryx, which differs from the Oryx leucoryx (formerly mentioned) by its black color; and it is, moreover, of larger stature and more slender frame, with longer and more curved horns. It is called Bekkar-El-Wash by the Arabs.
chamois--rendered by the Septuagint Cameleopard; but, by others who rightly judge it must have been an animal more familiar to the Hebrews, it is thought to be the Kebsch (Ovis tragelaphus), rather larger than a common sheep, covered not with wool, but with reddish hair--a Syrian sheep-goat.
11
De 14:11-20.
繁體中文
申 14:11-20.
論飛禽。
11-20. 凡潔淨的鳥你們都可以吃——
(參 利 11:21)。
英語原文
De 14:11-20.
OF BIRDS.
11-20. Of all clean birds ye shall eat--(See on
Le 11:21).
13
無題
繁體中文
13. 鷂鷹——被認為與稱為禿鷹的是同一種
(參 利 11:14)。
英語原文
13. glede--thought to be the same as that rendered vulture ( see on
Le 11:14).
15
無題
繁體中文
15. 鴞鳥——更可能是海鷗。
[參 利 11:16]。
英語原文
15. the cuckow--more probably the sea-gull. [See on
Le 11:16].
16
無題
繁體中文
16. 天鵝——更可能是鵝〔MICHAELIS〕。
[參 利 11:18]。
英語原文
16. the swan--rather, the goose [MICHAELIS]. [See on
Le 11:18].
17
無題
繁體中文
17. 魚鷹——希伯來文Rachemah顯然與Rachamah相同——阿拉伯人以此名稱呼西亞和埃及常見的禿鷲（Neophron percnopterus）。
[參 利 11:18]。
鸕鶿——更可能是潛鳥；一種海鳥。
[參 利 11:17]。
英語原文
17. gier eagle--The Hebrew word Rachemah is manifestly identical with Rachamah, the name which the Arabs give to the common vulture of Western Asia and Egypt (Neophron percnopterus). [See on
Le 11:18].
cormorant--rather, the plungeon; a seafowl. [See on
Le 11:17].
18
無題
繁體中文
18. 戴勝——即 upupa 或 hoop：一種美麗的鳥，但習性極其不潔。
[參 利 11:19]。
英語原文
18. the lapwing--the upupa or hoop: a beautiful bird, but of the most unclean habits. [See on
Le 11:19].
21
無題
繁體中文
21. 凡自死的，你們都不可吃——
(參 利 17:15;
利 22:8)。
要給你城裡寄居的客旅吃——不是歸化者，因為他與以色列人一樣受此律法約束；而是異教的旅客或僑居者。
不可用山羊羔母的奶煮山羊羔——這是這項禁令第三次重申
[出 23:19; 34:26]。
它針對的是一年一度的異教儀式
(參 出 23:19;
出 34:26)。
英語原文
21. Ye shall not eat of any thing that dieth of itself--(See on
Le 17:15;
Le 22:8).
thou shalt give it unto the stranger that is in thy gates--not a proselyte, for he, as well as an Israelite, was subject to this law; but a heathen traveller or sojourner.
Thou shalt not seethe a kid in his mother's milk--This is the third place in which the prohibition is repeated
[Ex 23:19; 34:26].
It was pointed against an annual pagan ceremony (see on
Ex 23:19;
Ex 34:26).
22
[De 14:22-29.
繁體中文
〔申 14:22-29. 十分取一之律〕。
22-27. 你要把你撒種所產的……十分之一——當時將每年一切出產的十分之一分別為聖，是一項宗教義務。要作為供物帶到聖所；若因路遠不能攜帶實物，按此條例可折算為銀錢。
英語原文
[De 14:22-29.
LAW OF THE TITHE].
22-27. Thou shalt truly tithe all the increase of thy seed--The dedication of a tenth part of the year's produce in everything was then a religious duty. It was to be brought as an offering to the sanctuary; and, where distance prevented its being taken in kind, it was by this statute convertible into money.
28
無題
繁體中文
28, 29. 每逢第三年末一年……利未人……來等——利未人既不像其他支派那樣有產業，以色列人不可忘記他們，而要誠實地將出產的十分之一歸給他們
[民 18:24]。
除了全部地產的十分之一以外，他們還有四十八座城及其周圍的郊野
[民 35:7]——
"那地最好的"，以及一部分祭物作為他們應得的收入。因此，他們若不是富裕的，至少也是舒適而獨立的供養。
英語原文
28, 29. At the end of three years . . . the Levite . . . shall come, &c.--The Levites having no inheritance like the other tribes, the Israelites were not to forget them, but honestly to tithe their increase
[Nu 18:24].
Besides the tenth of all the land produce, they had forty-eight cities, with the surrounding grounds
[Nu 35:7],
"the best of the land," and a certain proportion of the sacrifices as their allotted perquisites. They had, therefore, if not an affluent, yet a comfortable and independent, fund for their support.
申 14:1, 2.
神的百姓在悲哀中不可毀傷己身。
1. 不可為死人用刀劃身——這是偶像崇拜者在崇拜儀式上
(王上 18:28)，
以及在喪禮中（參
耶 16:6; 41:5)
常見的做法，用指甲或利器在臉上和身體其他部位劃出可怖的傷口。在兩眉之間剃出大片空白，是為死者致哀的另一異教習俗（參
利 19:27, 28；
利 21:5)。
如此失體面而敗壞的習俗，既是絕望悲哀的放縱而反常的表達
(帖前 4:13)，
以色列人當小心避免，因為這有損於神的百姓的性格和地位
[申 14:2]。