1
De 34:1-12.
繁體中文
英語原文
De 34:1-12.
MOSES FROM MOUNT NEBO VIEWS THE LAND.
1. Moses went up from the plains of Moab--This chapter appears from internal evidence to have been written subsequently to the death of Moses, and it probably formed, at one time, an introduction to the Book of Joshua.
unto the mountain of Nebo, to the top of Pisgah--literally, the head or summit of the Pisgah; that is, the height (compare
Nu 23:14; De 3:17-27; 4:49).
The general name given to the whole mountain range east of Jordan, was Abarim (compare
De 32:49),
and the peak to which Moses ascended was dedicated to the heathen Nebo, as Balaam's standing place had been consecrated to Peor. Some modern travellers have fixed on Jebel Attarus, a high mountain south of the Jabbok (Zurka), as the Nebo of this passage [BURCKHARDT, SEETZEN, &c.]. But it is situated too far north for a height which, being described as "over against Jericho," must be looked for above the last stage of the Jordan.
the Lord showed him all the land of Gilead--That pastoral region was discernible at the northern extremity of the mountain line on which he stood, till it ended, far beyond his sight in Dan. Westward, there were on the horizon, the distant hills of "all Naphtali." Coming nearer, was "the land of Ephraim and Manasseh." Immediately opposite was "all the land of Judah," a title at first restricted to the portion of this tribe, beyond which were "the utmost sea" (the Mediterranean) and the Desert of the "South." These were the four great marks of the future inheritance of his people, on which the narrative fixes our attention. Immediately below him was "the circle" of the plain of Jericho, with its oasis of palm trees; and far away on his left, the last inhabited spot before the great desert "Zoar." The foreground of the picture alone was clearly discernible. There was no miraculous power of vision imparted to Moses. That he should see all that is described is what any man could do, if he attained sufficient elevation. The atmosphere of the climate is so subtle and free from vapor that the sight is carried to a distance of which the beholder, who judges from the more dense air of Europe, can form no idea [VERE MONRO]. But between him and that "good land," the deep valley of the Jordan intervened; "he was not to go over thither."
5
無題
繁體中文
5. 摩西……死了——在他治理以色列人四十年之後。
英語原文
5. Moses . . . died--After having governed the Israelites forty years.
6
無題
繁體中文
6. 耶和華將他埋葬——或作："他被埋葬在山谷中"，即毗斯迦的一個山涧或峽谷。有人認為他進了一個洞穴，在那裡離世；據猶太人和基督徒的一個古老傳統，他是被天使埋葬的
(猶 9; 民 21:20)。
直到今日沒有人知道他的墳墓——這隱藏似乎是出於神特別而智慧的安排，為防止這地被列為"聖地"，成為後世迷信朝聖者雲集之所或受人偶像式敬拜的地方。
英語原文
6. he buried him--or, "he was buried in a valley," that is, a ravine or gorge of the Pisgah. Some think that he entered a cave and there died, being, according to an ancient tradition of Jews and Christians, buried by angels
(Jude 9; Nu 21:20).
no man knoweth of his sepulchre unto this day--This concealment seems to have been owing to a special and wise arrangement of Providence, to prevent its being ranked among "holy places," and made the resort of superstitious pilgrims or idolatrous veneration, in after ages.
8
無題
繁體中文
8. 為摩西哀哭了三十日——通常的哀悼期是七日，但對身居高位或顯要官職者，則延長至三十日
(創 50:3-10; 民 20:29)。
英語原文
8. wept for Moses . . . thirty days--Seven days was the usual period of mourning, but for persons in high rank or official eminence, it was extended to thirty
(Ge 50:3-10; Nu 20:29).
9
無題
繁體中文
9. 嫩的兒子約書亞……被智慧的靈充滿——他被任命擔任一個獨特而非常的職位。他不是摩西的繼承人，因為他既不是先知，也不是民事統治者，而是將軍或統帥，蒙召在入侵之戰以及隨後的支派分地中率領百姓。
英語原文
9. Joshua . . . was full of the spirit of wisdom--He was appointed to a peculiar and extraordinary office. He was not the successor of Moses, for he was not a prophet or civil ruler, but the general or leader, called to head the people in the war of invasion and the subsequent allocation of the tribes.
10
無題
繁體中文
10-12. 以後以色列中再沒有興起先知像摩西的——無論我們從哪一角度看這位非凡的人物，這些受默示的話語所發的讚辭都顯得恰到好處。沒有一位希伯來先知或統治者在品格或職分的尊嚴上、或在對神旨意的認識和宣佈的機會上能與他相比。
英語原文
10-12. there arose not a prophet since--In whatever light we view this extraordinary man, the eulogy pronounced in these inspired words will appear just. No Hebrew prophet or ruler equalled him in character or official dignity, or in knowledge of God's will and opportunities of announcing it.
12
無題
繁體中文
〔目錄〕
〔前一篇〕〔後一篇〕
Robert Jamieson、A. R. Fausset、David Brown 合著
《聖經全書批判與解釋註釋》（1871年）
增補、勘誤及評註請寄編者。
英語原文
[Table of Contents]
[Previous] [Next]
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
Send Addenda, Corrigenda, and Sententiae to the editor
申 34:1-12.
摩西從尼波山觀看那地。
1. 摩西從摩押平原上*——按內證看，本章似乎是在摩西去世之後寫成的，可能曾一度作為《約書亞記》的序言。
尼波山，到毗斯迦山頂——原文作"那毗斯迦"的頂或峰；即高處（參
民 23:14; 申 3:17-27; 4:49)。
約旦河以東整條山脈的總名是亞巴琳（Abarim）（參
申 32:49)，
而摩西所登的峰是奉獻給異教的尼波神的，正如巴蘭的站立之地是奉獻給毗珥的一樣。一些近代旅行者把 Jabbok（即 Zurka）以南的高山 Jebel Attarus 定為本段的尼波〔BURCKHARDT、SEETZEN 等〕。但它位於太北，不能對應那被描述為"在耶利哥對面"的高地——後者當在約旦河最後一段的上方尋找。
耶華把基列全地指給他看——那片牧養之地在他所站山脈的北端可辨識，直到遠超出他視線之外的但。向西，地平線上有"拿弗他利全境"遙遠的山巒。再近些，是"以法蓮和瑪拿西之地"。正對面是"猶大全地"——此名起初僅限於這一支派的分地，其外是"那極邊的海"（地中海）和"南地"的曠野。這是他百姓未來產業的四個大標記，敘事在此吸引我們的注意。在他正下方是耶利哥平原的"圓圈"，以及其中的棕櫚綠洲；在他左方遠處，是大曠野之前最後一個有人煙的地方——瑣珥。只有畫面的前景清晰可辨。摩西並未獲得奇蹟般的視力。他所見的一切，是任何人若達到足夠高度都能看見的。那地氣候的大氣如此清澈、不含水氣，使得視野遠及一個從歐洲較濃密空氣來判斷的觀者所無法想像的距離〔VERE MONRO〕。但在他與那"美地"之間，約旦河的深谷橫亙其中；"他不得過到那裡去"。