1
Ge 31:1-21.
英語原文
Ge 31:1-21.
ENVY OF LABAN AND SONS.
1. he heard the words of Laban's sons--It must have been from rumor that Jacob got knowledge of the invidious reflections cast upon him by his cousins; for they were separated at the distance of three days' journey.
2
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2. 雅各见拉班的脸色——直译“不像昨天和前天”，这是东方人常用的说法。拉班的众子对雅各忠信的影射，以及拉班自己的阴沉寡言、粗鲁行为，使雅各在舅父家中的处境极为难堪痛苦。属世的兴旺常带来一种烦恼，就是会惹起别人的嫉妒
(Ec 4:4)；
而且一个人无论怎样小心保持无亏的良心，在吹毛求疵的世上也不能常常保有好名声。这一点雅各深有体会；他大概像敬虔人那样，已经在祷告中求过引导和解救。
英語原文
2. And Jacob beheld the countenance of Laban--literally, "was not the same as yesterday, and the day before," a common Oriental form of speech. The insinuations against Jacob's fidelity by Laban's sons, and the sullen reserve, the churlish conduct, of Laban himself, had made Jacob's situation, in his uncle's establishment, most trying and painful. It is always one of the vexations attendant on worldly prosperity, that it excites the envy of others
(Ec 4:4);
and that, however careful a man is to maintain a good conscience, he cannot always reckon on maintaining a good name, in a censorious world. This, Jacob experienced; and it is probable that, like a good man, he had asked direction and relief in prayer.
3
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3. 耶和华说……回你祖你父之地去——尽管他受了苛待，若非受了神的明示，雅各也许不会以为可凭一时激动的烦躁和不满便随意离开现今的岗位。他既被神引到哈兰
(Ge 28:15)，
又得了同一位天上保护者必再带他回迦南地的应许，他也许认为若非清楚地确知当行的路，便不该离开。照样，我们也当把主摆在我们面前，在我们一切所行的事上——我们的旅程、定居和人生的计划——都认定他。
英語原文
3. the Lord said . . . Return unto the land of thy fathers--Notwithstanding the ill usage he had received, Jacob might not have deemed himself at liberty to quit his present sphere, under the impulse of passionate fretfulness and discontent. Having been conducted to Haran by God
(Ge 28:15)
and having got a promise that the same heavenly Guardian would bring him again into the land of Canaan, he might have thought he ought not to leave it, without being clearly persuaded as to the path of duty. So ought we to set the Lord before us, and to acknowledge Him in all our ways, our journeys, our settlements, and plans in life.
4
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4. 雅各就打发人，叫拉结和利亚到田野他自己那里——他的妻子和家眷仍在原来的住处。他要么如有人所想，要她们出席剪羊毛的庆典；要么因他不能离开羊群，便叫她们二人来见他，以便在决意立即启程之后，可以把自己的打算告诉她们。只叫了拉结和利亚，因为另外两个妻子既是次妻，仍处于奴仆地位，无权被考虑在内。雅各把计划告诉她们，是尽了作好丈夫的本分；因为爱妻子的丈夫应当与她们商量并信任她们
(Pr 31:11)。
英語原文
4. Jacob sent and called Rachel and Leah--His wives and family were in their usual residence. Whether he wished them to be present at the festivities of sheep shearing, as some think; or, because he could not leave his flock, he called them both to come to him, in order that, having resolved on immediate departure, he might communicate his intentions. Rachel and Leah only were called, for the other two wives, being secondary and still in a state of servitude, were not entitled to be taken into account. Jacob acted the part of a dutiful husband in telling them his plans; for husbands that love their wives should consult with them and trust in them
(Pr 31:11).
6
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6. 你们也知道……我怎样事奉你们的父亲——他既说明了他对岳父行事强烈不满的种种理由，以及他一切忠心服事所得的恶报，又告诉他们神使他不顾拉班想毁他的计谋而致富的赐福；最后，又告诉他们神所给他回本国的命令，使他们不至控他任性或对其家族不忠；而是确信他决意离去是出于宗教顺服的原则。
英語原文
6. ye know that . . . I have served your father--Having stated his strong grounds of dissatisfaction with their father's conduct and the ill requital he had got for all his faithful services, he informed them of the blessing of God that had made him rich notwithstanding Laban's design to ruin him; and finally, of the command from God he had received to return to his own country, that they might not accuse him of caprice, or disaffection to their family; but be convinced, that in resolving to depart, he acted from a principle of religious obedience.
14
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14. 拉结和利亚回答——她们听了他的看法之后，表示完全赞同；因着自己所受的委屈，她们完全和他一样渴望分离。她们不仅显出夫妇之情，也在跟随所述的道路上显出敬虔——“凡神所对你说的，你只管去行”
[Ge 31:16]。
“凡真正作丈夫帮助的，决不会在神所召他作的事上成为拦阻”〔HENRY〕。
英語原文
14. Rachel and Leah answered--Having heard his views, they expressed their entire approval; and from grievances of their own, they were fully as desirous of a separation as himself. They display not only conjugal affection, but piety in following the course described--"whatsoever God hath said unto thee, do"
[Ge 31:16].
"Those that are really their husbands' helpmeets will never be their hindrances in doing that to which God calls them" [HENRY].
17
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17. 雅各起来——牧民迁移所费时间不多。撤下帐棚和支柱，与其他行李一同装好；把妻儿放进像摇篮一样的houdas里，搭在骆驼背上，或放在驴的驮篮里；把羊群的各部分归于各牧人名下；这一切都是简短的过程。早晨满是长长的帐棚行列和吃草的羊群的平原，几小时之后便可显得如此荒凉，连扎营的痕迹都不留，只剩下帐棚支柱所插的洞。
英語原文
17. Then Jacob rose up--Little time is spent by pastoral people in removing. The striking down the tents and poles and stowing them among their other baggage; the putting their wives and children in houdas like cradles, on the backs of camels, or in panniers on asses; and the ranging of the various parts of the flock under the respective shepherds; all this is a short process. A plain that is covered in the morning with a long array of tents and with browsing flocks, may, in a few hours, appear so desolate that not a vestige of the encampment remains, except the holes in which the tent poles had been fixed.
18
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18. 他带着他所得的牲畜——即属他自己，并无别的。他并没有借带走拉班之物来弥补自己许多的损失，乃满足于神旨所赐给他的。有人也许认为应当事先通知；但一个人若觉得身处危险——自保的法则规定他若能合乎良心地作，便当立即逃。
英語原文
18. he carried the cattle of his getting--that is, his own and nothing more. He did not indemnify himself for his many losses by carrying off any thing of Laban's, but was content with what Providence had given him. Some may think that due notice should have been given; but when a man feels himself in danger--the law of self-preservation prescribes the duty of immediate flight, if it can be done consistently with conscience.
20
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20. 雅各偷偷走了——结果证明秘密离开的必要和审慎；否则拉班也许会用暴力或诡计扣留他。
英語原文
20. Jacob stole away--The result showed the prudence and necessity of departing secretly; otherwise, Laban might have detained him by violence or artifice.
22
Ge 31:22-55.
Ge 31:22-55.
拉班追赶雅各——二人在基列立约。
22-24. 到第三日，有人告诉拉班——消息一传到拉班那里，他便立刻起程追赶，他无所拖累，行进迅速；而雅各带着幼小的家族和众多的羊群，只能缓缓前行，因此他在七日路程之后追上了逃亡者，那时他们正扎营在基列山岭上，那是迦南东界的一片广阔山脉。他既带着一批随从，本可能使用暴力，却在梦中蒙神的警告，不得阻挠侄儿的行程。变化何等显著而突然！连日来他满腔怒火，正急切期盼大报其仇，谁知他的手竟被无形的能力所捆绑
(诗 76:10)。
他不敢加害雅各，便爆发了一场唇枪舌剑。
英語原文
Ge 31:22-55.
LABAN PURSUES JACOB--THEIR COVENANT AT GILEAD.
22-24. it was told Laban on the third day--No sooner did the news reach Laban than he set out in pursuit, and he being not encumbered, advanced rapidly; whereas Jacob, with a young family and numerous flocks, had to march slowly, so that he overtook the fugitives after seven days' journey as they lay encamped on the brow of mount Gilead, an extensive range of hills forming the eastern boundary of Canaan. Being accompanied by a number of his people, he might have used violence had he not been divinely warned in a dream to give no interruption to his nephew's journey. How striking and sudden a change! For several days he had been full of rage, and was now in eager anticipation that his vengeance would be fully wreaked, when lo! his hands are tied by invisible power
(Ps 76:10).
He did not dare to touch Jacob, but there was a war of words.
26
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26-30. 拉班说……你作的是什么事呢？——对于那控告
(Ge 31:1)，
却只字未提。他的责难属于另一类。他的第一项控告是雅各剥夺了他为雅各及其家人送行的常礼。在东方，凡有人远行，亲友常常奏乐唱送别之歌，陪伴他们走相当一段路。考虑到拉班过去的行为，他在这事上的抱怨是虚伪的腔调。但他第二项控告却很严重——带走了他的神像——希伯来文"teraphim"，人形的小型像，不是当作偶像或敬拜对象使用，而是当作护身符，为迷信之用。
英語原文
26-30. Laban said . . . What hast thou done?--Not a word is said of the charge
(Ge 31:1).
His reproaches were of a different kind. His first charge was for depriving him of the satisfaction of giving Jacob and his family the usual salutations at parting. In the East it is customary, when any are setting out to a great distance, for their relatives and friends to accompany them a considerable way with music and valedictory songs. Considering the past conduct of Laban, his complaint on this ground was hypocritical cant. But his second charge was a grave one--the carrying off his gods--Hebrew, "teraphim," small images of human figures, used not as idols or objects of worship, but as talismans, for superstitious purposes.
31
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31, 32. 雅各回答……至于你的神像，你在谁那里搜出来，谁就不必存活——雅各自知清白，又毫不起疑他爱妻的过犯，便大胆要求搜查，并对罪犯宣告最重的刑罚。拉班亲自进行了搜查，挨个帐棚都查过了
[Ge 31:33]；
最后进了拉结的帐棚，若非拉结向他提出一个使他无法继续搜查的请求，他必能发现那些偷来的神像
[Ge 31:34, 35]。
英語原文
31, 32. Jacob said, . . . With whomsoever thou findest thy gods let him not live--Conscious of his own innocence and little suspecting the misdeed of his favorite wife, Jacob boldly challenged a search and denounced the heaviest penalty on the culprit. A personal scrutiny was made by Laban, who examined every tent
[Ge 31:33];
and having entered Rachel's last, he would have infallibly discovered the stolen images had not Rachel made an appeal to him which prevented further search
[Ge 31:34, 35].
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34. 拉结已经把神像藏在骆驼的驮篓里，便坐在上头——普通的驮鞍常被当作座位或垫子，蹲在地上的人可以靠着它。
英語原文
34. Rachel had taken the images, and put them in the camel's furniture, and sat upon them--The common pack saddle is often used as a seat or a cushion, against which a person squatted on the floor may lean.
36
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36, 37. 雅各就发怒——在那种情形下，他这边的反控本是自然的；而一如往常，人在激愤之时，控诉的范围便很广。他迅速历数自己二十年来的种种委屈，以毫无保留的严厉语气，描述舅父的小气性格和令人烦恼的勒索，以及他所耐心忍受的种种艰苦。
英語原文
36, 37. Jacob was wroth--Recrimination on his part was natural in the circumstances, and, as usual, when passion is high, the charges took a wide range. He rapidly enumerated his grievances for twenty years and in a tone of unrestrained severity described the niggard character and vexatious exactions of his uncle, together with the hardships of various kinds he had patiently endured.
38
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38. 你的公羊我没有吃过——东方人很少宰杀母畜作食物，除非它们不育。
英語原文
38. The rams of thy flock have I not eaten--Eastern people seldom kill the females for food except they are barren.
39
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39. 被野兽撕裂的，我没有带来给你——牧人对羊群的损失要负严格责任，除非能证明这些损失是野兽所致。
英語原文
39. That which was torn of beasts I brought not unto thee--The shepherds are strictly responsible for losses in the flock, unless they can prove these were occasioned by wild beasts.
40
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40. 白日受炎热……黑夜受寒霜——在二十四小时内，气温常在极热与极冷之间变化，对于守在羊群旁的牧人最为难当。我们必须多为雅各着想。巨大而持续的激怒使最温和、最受过训练的性情也变得暴躁。"生气却不要犯罪"
[弗 4:26]
实属不易。但这两位亲属既将心中积蓄的情感吐露出来，最终彼此达成了谅解；不如说，神感动拉班与受了亏待的侄儿和好
(箴 16:7)。
英語原文
40. in the day the drought . . . and the frost by night--The temperature changes often in twenty-four hours from the greatest extremes of heat and cold, most trying to the shepherd who has to keep watch by his flocks. Much allowance must be made for Jacob. Great and long-continued provocations ruffle the mildest and most disciplined tempers. It is difficult to "be angry and sin not"
[Eph 4:26].
But these two relatives, after having given utterance to their pent-up feelings, came at length to a mutual understanding, or rather, God influenced Laban to make reconciliation with his injured nephew
(Pr 16:7).
44
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44. 来吧，你我二人可以立约——立这约的方式，是把石头堆成圆圈作座位，圆圈中央立一大石作坛。大概先献祭，然后双方围着它坐在石头上共享和好之筵。直到今日，在这事发生的地区，仍可常见曾被用作纪念的石头堆。
英語原文
44. Come thou, let us make a covenant--The way in which this covenant was ratified was by a heap of stones being laid in a circular pile, to serve as seats, and in the center of this circle a large one was set up perpendicularly for an altar. It is probable that a sacrifice was first offered, and then that the feast of reconciliation was partaken of by both parties seated on the stones around it. To this day heaps of stones, which have been used as memorials, are found abundantly in the region where this transaction took place.
52
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52. 这石堆作见证——自然物常被如此称呼。但更重要的是，向神有庄严的呼吁；值得注意的是二人在宗教情感上有显著差异。拉班论到亚伯拉罕和拿鹤——他们共同的先祖——的神；但雅各知道那家族的一支已混入偶像崇拜，便指着"他父亲以撒所敬畏的"起誓。同有一神者当有一心：在宗教上相合的人，也当努力在一切别的事上相合。
英語原文
52. This heap be witness--Objects of nature were frequently thus spoken of. But over and above, there was a solemn appeal to God; and it is observable that there was a marked difference in the religious sentiments of the two. Laban spake of the God of Abraham and Nahor, their common ancestors; but Jacob, knowing that idolatry had crept in among that branch of the family, swore by the "fear of his father Isaac." They who have one God should have one heart: they who are agreed in religion should endeavor to agree in everything else.
Ge 31:1-21.
拉班及其众子的嫉妒。
1. 他听见拉班儿子们的话——雅各必定是从传闻中得知其表兄弟们对他的不满之言；因为他们彼此相隔有三日路程之远。