1
Ge 45:1-28.
简体中文
英語原文
Ge 45:1-28.
JOSEPH MAKING HIMSELF KNOWN.
1. Then Joseph could not refrain himself--The severity of the inflexible magistrate here gives way to the natural feelings of the man and the brother. However well he had disciplined his mind, he felt it impossible to resist the artless eloquence of Judah. He saw a satisfactory proof, in the return of all his brethren on such an occasion, that they were affectionately united to one another; he had heard enough to convince him that time, reflection, or grace had made a happy improvement on their characters; and he would probably have proceeded in a calm and leisurely manner to reveal himself as prudence might have dictated. But when he heard the heroic self-sacrifice of Judah
[Ge 44:33]
and realized all the affection of that proposal--a proposal for which he was totally unprepared--he was completely unmanned; he felt himself forced to bring this painful trial to an end.
he cried, Cause every man to go out from me--In ordering the departure of witnesses of this last scene, he acted as a warm-hearted and real friend to his brothers--his conduct was dictated by motives of the highest prudence--that of preventing their early iniquities from becoming known either to the members of his household, or among the people of Egypt.
2
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简体中文
2. 他放声大哭——无疑因情感激动至极；但以猛烈而长久不停的呜咽来表达，是东方人表示悲痛的常用方式。
英語原文
2. he wept aloud--No doubt, from the fulness of highly excited feelings; but to indulge in vehement and long-continued transports of sobbing is the usual way in which the Orientals express their grief.
3
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简体中文
3. 我是约瑟——或作“因他的同在而惊惶”。此时他胸中以及他众兄弟胸中所涌起、急速相继的情感，既多且烈。他因同情与喜乐而激动；他们则惊骇、困惑、恐惧；并因尽量躲开他的面而显出他们的恐惧。他们如此“惊惶”，以致他不得不重述关于自己的宣告；而他所用的是何等亲切慈爱的话。他提及他们曾把他卖了——不是为伤他们的心，而是为使他们确信他的身份；随后为使他们安心，他追溯他那被放逐和现今尊荣背后那位掌管者的护理
[Ge 35:5-7]。
他并非要他们把罪责推给神；不，他唯一的目的是鼓励他们信靠，并使他们信任他为父亲和他们自己将来的安逸所作的安排。
英語原文
3. I am Joseph--or, "terrified at his presence." The emotions that now rose in his breast as well as that of his brethren--and chased each other in rapid succession--were many and violent. He was agitated by sympathy and joy; they were astonished, confounded, terrified; and betrayed their terror, by shrinking as far as they could from his presence. So "troubled" were they, that he had to repeat his announcement of himself; and what kind, affectionate terms he did use. He spoke of their having sold him--not to wound their feelings, but to convince them of his identity; and then, to reassure their minds, he traced the agency of an overruling Providence, in his exile and present honor
[Ge 35:5-7].
Not that he wished them to roll the responsibility of their crime on God; no, his only object was to encourage their confidence and induce them to trust in the plans he had formed for the future comfort of their father and themselves.
6
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简体中文
6. 还有五年的饥荒，不能耕种，也不能收割——“耕”是古英语，意为“犁田”（参
1Sa 8:12； Isa 30:24)。
这似乎印证了
(Ge 41:57)
所给的观点：饥荒是因非常的旱灾所致，使尼罗河每年泛滥停止；当然也使那地不宜下种。
英語原文
6. and yet there are five years, in the which there shall neither be earing nor harvest--"Ear" is an old English word, meaning "to plough" (compare
1Sa 8:12; Isa 30:24).
This seems to confirm the view given
(Ge 41:57)
that the famine was caused by an extraordinary drought, which prevented the annual overflowing of the Nile; and of course made the land unfit to receive the seed of Egypt.
14
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简体中文
14, 15. 他伏在……便雅悯的颈项上——从被定罪的犯人突然变为受宠的兄弟，若非他汹涌的情感以泪水之流得解，必会致晕厥甚至死亡。但约瑟的关注不只限于便雅悯。他挨次亲切拥抱每一位兄弟；借着这些举动，他的赦免比言语更完全地表明了。
英語原文
14, 15. And he fell upon . . . Benjamin's neck--The sudden transition from a condemned criminal to a fondled brother, might have occasioned fainting or even death, had not his tumultuous feelings been relieved by a torrent of tears. But Joseph's attentions were not confined to Benjamin. He affectionately embraced every one of his brothers in succession; and by those actions, his forgiveness was demonstrated more fully than it could be by words.
17
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简体中文
17-20. 法老对约瑟说，你吩咐你的哥哥们——约瑟也许因顾忌而不便启齿，王自己便邀请这位列祖和他全家迁来埃及；他为他们的迁移和随后的定居作了最宽大的安排。这位法老对约瑟亲属如此厚待，显示了他的品格；但实际上他所能显的最大宽厚，也永远报答不了这样一位对其王国的伟大恩人所提供的服务。
英語原文
17-20. Pharaoh said unto Joseph, Say unto thy brethren--As Joseph might have been prevented by delicacy, the king himself invited the patriarch and all his family to migrate into Egypt; and he made most liberal arrangements for their removal and their subsequent settlement. It displays the character of this Pharaoh to advantage, that he was so kind to the relatives of Joseph; but indeed the greatest liberality he could show could never recompense the services of so great a benefactor of his kingdom.
21
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简体中文
21. 约瑟给他们车辆——这在巴勒斯坦必是新奇之物；因为那里几乎没有有轮的车。
英語原文
21. Joseph gave them wagons--which must have been novelties in Palestine; for wheeled carriages were almost unknown there.
22
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简体中文
22. 换衣服——向来至今，显贵之人将荣服赏赐给朋友乃是习俗；在那些衣服样式品质相同的地方，这些礼物的价值就在于其数量。给便雅悯的数目极多，表明他兄弟对他的深情；约瑟既从他们众人此刻所显的和蔼性情看出，他可以完全安全地放任自己对母亲之子这份深情的偏爱。
英語原文
22. changes of raiment--It was and is customary, with great men, to bestow on their friends dresses of distinction, and in places where they are of the same description and quality, the value of these presents consists in their number. The great number given to Benjamin bespoke the warmth of his brother's attachment to him; and Joseph felt, from the amiable temper they now all displayed, he might, with perfect safety, indulge this fond partiality for his mother's son.
23
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简体中文
23. 送给他父亲——充足地供应一切能有助于他供养与安逸之物——这供应规模之大、之慷慨，正如给便雅悯的五份食物一样，是要作为他孝心的记号〔参
Ge 43:34 注释〕。
英語原文
23. to his father he sent--a supply of everything that could contribute to his support and comfort--the large and liberal scale on which that supply was given being intended, like the five messes of Benjamin, as a token of his filial love [see on
Ge 43:34].
24
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简体中文
24. 于是约瑟打发他弟兄们回去——他在他们回程途中打发他们走时，给了他们这样特别的劝戒：
你们不要在路上相争——这是大需要的提醒；因为在旅途中他们不仅会反复回想各自在导致约瑟被卖到埃及的事件中所扮演的角色，而且他们的恶行不久将不得不为他们可敬的父亲所知晓。
英語原文
24. so he sent his brethren away--In dismissing them on their homeward journey, he gave them this particular admonition:
See that ye fall not out by the way--a caution that would be greatly needed; for not only during the journey would they be occupied in recalling the parts they had respectively acted in the events that led to Joseph's being sold into Egypt, but their wickedness would soon have to come to the knowledge of their venerable father.
Ge 45:1-28.
约瑟表明身份。
1. 约瑟情不自禁——这位刚正不阿的法官，此刻在人天然的并作兄弟的情感面前让步了。他虽善于约束自己的心，却感到无法抵挡犹大那纯朴无华的雄辩。他看见众兄弟在这样的场合全都回来，便得到满意的凭据，证明他们彼此亲爱合而为一；他所听见的，足以叫他相信时间、反省或恩典已使他们的品格有了可喜的改变；他大概会以冷静从容的方式，照着审慎所指示的来表明身份。但当他听见犹大那英勇的舍己
[Ge 44:33]，
又体会到那提议中的全副深情——这提议是他全然未料的——他便完全不能自持；他觉得自己被迫要结束这痛苦的试验。
他放声喊说，叫一切人都离开我出去——他下令叫这最后一幕的见证人退去，作为对兄弟们的热心真诚的朋友——他的举动是出于最高审慎的动机——即防止他们早年的罪过被他的家人或埃及百姓所知。