1
Isa 41:1-29.
英語原文
Isa 41:1-29.
ADDITIONAL REASONS WHY THE JEWS SHOULD PLACE CONFIDENCE IN GOD'S PROMISES OF DELIVERING THEM; HE WILL RAISE UP A PRINCE AS THEIR DELIVERER, WHEREAS THE IDOLS COULD NOT DELIVER THE HEATHEN NATIONS FROM THAT PRINCE.
1.
(Zec 2:13).
God is about to argue the case; therefore let the nations listen in reverential silence. Compare
Ge 28:16, 17,
as to the spirit in which we ought to behave before God.
before me--rather (turning), "towards me" [MAURER].
islands--including all regions beyond sea
(Jer 25:22),
maritime regions, not merely isles in the strict sense.
renew . . . strength--Let them gather their strength for the argument; let them adduce their strongest arguments (compare
Isa 1:18; Job 9:32).
"Judgment" means here, to decide the point at issue between us.
2
無題
하나님이 동방에서 고레스를 일으켜 열방을 정복하게 하신다. 그는 유대인을 회복시키는 하나님의 의로운 뜻을 이루므로 의로운 자라 불리지만, 완전한 의미는 고레스의 원형이신 메시아 안에서 성취된다.
英語原文
2. Who--else but God? The fact that God "raiseth up" Cyrus and qualifies him for becoming the conqueror of the nations and deliverer of God's people, is a strong argument why they should trust in Him. The future is here prophetically represented as present or past.
the righteous man--Cyrus; as
Isa 44:28; 45:1-4, 13; 46:11,
"from the East," prove. Called "righteous," not so much on account of his own equity [HERODOTUS, 3.89], as because he fulfilled God's righteous will in restoring the Jews from their unjust captivity. Raised him up in righteousness. The Septuagint takes the Hebrew as a noun "righteousness." MAURER translates, "Who raised up him whom salvation (national and temporal, the gift of God's 'righteousness' to the good,
Isa 32:17;
compare
Isa 45:8; 51:5)
meets at his foot" (that is, wherever he goes). Cyrus is said to come from the East, because Persia is east of Babylon; but in
Isa 41:25,
from the north, in reference to Media. At the same time the full sense of righteousness, or righteous, and of the whole passage, is realized only in Messiah, Cyrus' antitype (Cyrus knew not God,
Isa 45:4).
He goes forth as the Universal Conqueror of the "nations," in righteousness making war
(Ps 2:8, 9; Re 19:11-15; 6:2; 2:26, 27).
"The idols He shall utterly abolish" (compare
Isa 7:23, with Isa 2:18).
Righteousness was always raised up from the East. Paradise was east of Eden. The cherubim were at the east of the garden. Abraham was called from the East. Judea, the birthplace of Messiah, was in the East.
called . . . to . . . foot--called him to attend His (God's) steps, that is, follow His guidance. In
Ezr 1:2,
Cyrus acknowledges Jehovah as the Giver of his victories. He subdued the nations from the Euxine to the Red Sea, and even Egypt (says XENOPHON).
dust--
(Isa 17:13; 29:5; Ps 18:42).
Persia, Cyrus' country, was famed for the use of the "bow"
(Isa 22:6).
"Before him" means "gave them into his power"
(Jos 10:12).
MAURER translates, "Gave his (the enemy's) sword to be dust, and his (the enemy's) bow to be as stubble"
(Job 41:26, 29).
3
無題
고레스는 정복 전에는 유프라테스와 서쪽 지역에 가 본 적이 없었다. 복음의 정복도 이전에 하나님의 이름이 알려지지 않은 지역까지 나아간다.
英語原文
3. Cyrus had not visited the regions of the Euphrates and westward until he visited them for conquest. So the gospel conquests penetrated regions where the name of God was unknown before.
4
無題
모든 민족의 기원과 역사적 위치는 하나님께로부터 온다. 고레스의 일뿐 아니라 처음부터 마지막까지 모든 역사 움직임이 하나님에게서 나온다.
英語原文
4. Who--else but God?
calling . . . generations from . . . beginning--The origin and position of all nations are from God
(De 32:8; Ac 17:26);
what is true of Cyrus and his conquests is true of all the movements of history from the first; all are from God.
with the last--that is, the last
(Isa 44:6; 48:12).
5
無題
열방이 두려워한 것은 고레스에게 정복될까 해서이다. 그들은 서로 방어하려고 가까이 모였다.
英語原文
5. feared--that they would be subdued.
drew near, and came--together, for mutual defense.
6
無題
그들이 서로 담대하라 한 것은 고레스를 두려워하지 말고 신들의 호의를 얻기 위해 새 우상을 만들자는 뜻이다.
英語原文
6. Be of good courage--Be not alarmed because of Cyrus, but make new images to secure the favor of the gods against him.
7
無題
장인들이 임박한 위험을 막으려고 우상을 빨리 완성하자며 서로 격려한다. 못은 우상을 제자리에 고정하려는 것이며, 이는 우상숭배의 어리석음을 드러낸다.
英語原文
7. One workman encourages the other to be quick in finishing the idol, so as to avert the impending danger.
nails--to keep it steady in its place.
Wisdom 13:15, 16,
gives a similar picture of the folly of idolatry.
8
無題
고레스로 멸망할 우상숭배 민족들과, 조상들 때문에 같은 고레스로 구원받을 이스라엘이 대조된다. 이스라엘은 하나님을 예배하고 다른 민족도 그렇게 이끌도록 택함받은 종이다.
英語原文
8. Contrast between the idolatrous nations whom God will destroy by Cyrus, and Israel whom God will deliver by the same man for their forefathers' sake.
servant--so termed as being chosen by God to worship Him themselves, and to lead other peoples to do the same
(Isa 45:4).
Jacob . . . chosen--
(Ps 135:4).
my friend--literally, "loving me."
9
無題
아브라함은 먼 갈대아 우르에서 부름받았다. ‘귀인들’은 고귀한 뿌리로 볼 수도 있으나, 병행구상 땅의 끝에서 취해졌다는 뜻이 더 적절하다.
英語原文
9. Abraham, the father of the Jews, taken from the remote Ur of the Chaldees. Others take it of Israel, called out of Egypt
(De 4:37; Ho 11:1).
from the chief men--literally, "the elbows"; so the joints; hence the root which joins the tree to the earth; figuratively, those of ancient and noble stock. But the parallel clause "ends of the earth" favors GESENIUS, who translates, "the extremities of the earth"; so JEROME.
10
無題
놀라지 말라는 말은 두려움에 서로를 불안하게 바라보지 말라는 뜻이다. 하나님의 의로운 오른손은 약속에 신실하신 하나님이 자기 백성을 붙드시는 능력이다.
英語原文
10. be not dismayed--literally, anxiously to look at one another in dismay.
right hand of my righteousness--that is, My right hand prepared in accordance with My righteousness (faithfulness to My promises) to uphold thee.
11
無題
수치를 당한다는 것은 패배의 수치를 입는다는 뜻이다.
英語原文
11. ashamed--put to the shame of defeat (compare
Isa 54:17; Ro 9:33).
12
無題
원수를 찾으나 만나지 못한다는 말은 그들이 완전히 사라져 흔적도 남지 않을 것을 뜻한다. ‘아무것도 아닌 것’은 완전한 멸망이다.
英語原文
12. seek . . . and . . . not find--said of one so utterly put out of the way that not a trace of him can be found
(Ps 37:36).
thing of naught--shall utterly perish.
13
無題
이 절은 하나님이 이스라엘을 도우시는 분이라는 신명기 33장의 선언과 연결된다.
英語原文
13.
(De 33:26, 29).
14
無題
‘지렁이’는 멸시와 고난의 상태를 말하며, 메시아께서도 십자가에서 자신에게 적용하신 표현이다. ‘사람들’에는 적음과 연약함의 뜻이 있고, 구속자라는 호칭은 하나님이 도우실 강한 이유가 된다.
英語原文
14. worm--in a state of contempt and affliction, whom all loathe and tread on, the very expression which Messiah, on the cross, applies to Himself
(Ps 22:6),
so completely are the Lord and His people identified and assimilated. God's people are as 'worms' in humble thoughts of themselves, and in their enemies' haughty thoughts of them; worms, but not vipers, or of the serpent's seed." [HENRY].
men--The parallelism requires the word "men" here to have associated with it the idea of fewness or feebleness. LOWTH translates, "Ye mortals of Israel." The Septuagint, "altogether diminutive." MAURER supports English Version, which the Hebrew text best accords with.
the Lord--in general.
and thy redeemer--in particular; a still stronger reason why He should "help" them.
15
無題
하나님은 이스라엘을 동방의 타작기처럼 만들어 원수들을 부수게 하신다. 산들과 작은 산들은 이스라엘을 대적하는 크고 작은 왕국들을 가리킨다.
英語原文
15. God will make Israel to destroy their enemies as the Eastern corn-drag
(Isa 28:27, 28)
bruises out the grain with its teeth, and gives the chaff to the winds to scatter.
teeth--serrated, so as to cut up the straw for fodder and separate the grain from the chaff.
mountains . . . hills--kingdoms more or less powerful that were hostile to Israel
(Isa 2:14).
16
無題
까부른다는 것은 키질하는 것을 뜻한다. 원수들은 회오리바람에 흩어지는 겨처럼 사라질 것이다.
英語原文
16. fan--winnowed (compare
Mt 3:12).
whirlwind . . . scatter them--
(Job 27:21; 30:22).
17
無題
가난하고 궁핍한 자들은 우선 바벨론 포로들을 가리킨다. 물은 고난 뒤의 새 힘과 번영을 뜻하며, 복음 아래 생명과 성령의 물에서 완전히 성취된다.
英語原文
17. poor and needy--primarily, the exiles in Babylon.
water--figuratively, refreshment, prosperity after their affliction. The language is so constructed as only very partially to apply to the local and temporary event of the restoration from Babylon; but fully to be realized in the waters of life and of the Spirit, under the Gospel
(Isa 30:25; 44:3; Joh 7:37-39; 4:14).
God wrought no miracles that we read of, in any wilderness, during the return from Babylon.
faileth--rather, "is rigid" or parched [HORSLEY].
18
無題
이는 이집트에서 나온 이스라엘이 광야에서 기적으로 물을 공급받은 일을 암시한다. 높은 곳과 골짜기는 어떤 형편에서도 하나님 백성이 영혼의 새 힘을 얻는다는 뜻이다.
英語原文
18. Alluding to the waters with which Israel was miraculously supplied in the desert after having come out of Egypt.
high places--bare of trees, barren, and unwatered
(Jer 4:11; 14:6).
"High places . . . valleys" spiritually express that in all circumstances, whether elevated or depressed, God's people will have refreshment for their souls, however little to be expected it might seem.
19
無題
싯딤나무는 아카시아로 보이며, 기름나무는 감람나무, 잣나무는 측백나무로 이해된다. 황양목은 작은 관목이 아니라 한 종류의 백향목으로 설명된다.
英語原文
19.
(Isa 32:15; 55:13).
shittah--rather, the "acacia," or Egyptian thorn, from which the gum Arabic is obtained [LOWTH].
oil tree--the olive.
fir tree--rather, the "cypress": grateful by its shade.
pine--GESENIUS translates, "the holm."
box tree--not the shrub used for bordering flower beds, but [GESENIUS] a kind of cedar, remarkable for the smallness of its cones, and the upward direction of its branches.
20
無題
생각한다는 말은 마음에 두고 주목한다는 뜻이다. 하나님이 이스라엘을 위해 공개적으로 개입하실 때 이방인들은 이스라엘의 하나님을 찾게 된다.
英語原文
20. consider--literally, "lay it (to heart)"; turn (their attention) to it. "They" refers to all lands
(Isa 41:1; Ps 64:9; 40:3).
The effect on the Gentiles of God's open interposition hereafter in behalf of Israel shall be, they shall seek Israel's God
(Isa 2:3; Zec 8:21-23).
21
無題
우상숭배자들은 자기 우상이 여호와처럼 미래를 예언할 수 있는지 도전받는다. 강한 이유란 그들이 우상숭배를 변호할 때 가장 힘 있다고 여기는 논거이다.
英語原文
21. A new challenge to the idolaters (see
Isa 41:1, 7)
to say, can their idols predict future events as Jehovah can
(Isa 41:22-25,
&c.)?
your strong reasons--the reasons for idol-worship which you think especially strong.
22
無題
우상들은 과거 예언과 그 성취를 보이거나 장래 일을 예언해 보라는 요구를 받는다. 하나님만이 서로 연결된 긴 사건의 질서와 최종 결과를 미리 말할 수 있다.
英語原文
22. what shall happen--"Let them bring near and declare future contingencies" [HORSLEY].
former things . . . the latter end of them--show what former predictions the idols have given, that we may compare the event ("latter end") with them; or give new prophecies ("declare things to come")
(Isa 42:9),
[MAURER]. BARNES explains it more reconditely, "Let them foretell the entire series of events, showing, in their order, the things which shall first occur, as well as those which shall finally happen"; the false prophets tried to predict isolated events, having no mutual dependency; not a long series of events mutually and orderly connected, and stretching far into futurity. They did not even try to do this. None but God can do it
(Isa 46:10; 44:7, 8).
"Or . . . things to come" will, in this view, mean, Let them, if they cannot predict the series, even predict plainly any detached events.
23
無題
우상들은 친구에게 복을 주거나 원수에게 화를 내릴 능력이 있음을 증명해 보라는 도전을 받는다. 마우러는 하나님과 우상들이 서로 마주해 능력을 시험한다는 뜻으로 본다.
英語原文
23. do good . . . evil--give any proof at all of your power, either to reward your friends or punish your enemies
(Ps 115:2-8).
that we may be dismayed, and behold it together--MAURER translates, "That we (Jehovah and the idols) may look one another in the face (that is, encounter one another,
2Ki 14:8, 11),
and see" our respective powers by a trial. HORSLEY translates, "Then the moment we behold, we shall be dismayed." "We" thus, and in English Version, refers to Jehovah and His worshippers.
24
無題
우상은 아무것도 아니며, 히브리어 본문은 이곳에서 손상된 것으로 보인다. 가증함은 단순히 가증한 물건이 아니라 가증함의 본질을 뜻한다.
英語原文
24. of nothing--(See on
Isa 40:17).
The Hebrew text is here corrupt; so English Version treats it.
abomination--abstract for concrete: not merely abominable, but the essence of whatever is so
(De 18:12).
chooseth you--as an object of worship.
25
無題
하나님은 목적 안에서 이미 고레스를 일으키셨으나 성취는 150년 뒤였다. 고레스는 북방과 동방 모두에서 온 자라 할 수 있고, 하나님의 이름을 인정했으나 반드시 우상숭배를 완전히 버렸다는 뜻은 아니다.
英語原文
25. raised up--in purpose: not fulfilled till a hundred fifty years afterwards.
north--In
Isa 41:2,
"from the East"; both are true: see the note there.
call . . . my name--acknowledge Me as God, and attribute his success to Me; this he did in the proclamation
(Ezr 1:2).
This does not necessarily imply that Cyrus renounced idolatry, but hearing of Isaiah's prophecy given a hundred fifty years before, so fully realized in his own acts, he recognized God as the true God, but retained his idol (so Naaman,
2Ki 5:1-27;
compare
2Ki 17:33, 41; Da 3:28; 4:1-3, 34-37).
princes--the Babylonian satraps or governors of provinces.
mortar--"mire"; He shall tread them under foot as dirt
(Isa 10:6).
26
無題
우상숭배 점쟁이들 가운데 고레스의 일을 미리 말한 자는 없었다. 성취가 그 예언의 참됨을 증명하며, 우상들의 말은 아무도 듣지 못했다.
英語原文
26. Who--of the idolatrous soothsayers? When this prophecy shall be fulfilled, all shall see that God foretold as to Cyrus, which none of the soothsayers have.
beforetime--before the event occurred.
He is righteous--rather, "It is true"; it was a true prophecy, as the event shows. "He is righteous," in English Version, must be interpreted, The fulfilment of the idol's words proves that he is faithful.
showeth, &c.--rather, "there was none (of the soothsayers) that showed . . . declared--no one has heard your words" foretelling the event.
27
無題
하나님은 먼저 시온과 예루살렘에 좋은 소식의 사자를 주신다. ‘보라’라는 감탄은 바라던 사건이 눈앞에 왔음을 생생히 표현한다.
英語原文
27. Rather, "I first will give to Zion and to Jerusalem the messenger of good tidings, Behold, behold them!" The clause, "Behold . . . them" (the wished-for event is now present) is inserted in the middle of the sentence as a detached exclamation, by an elegant transposition, the language being framed abruptly, as one would speak in putting vividly as it were, before the eyes of others, some joyous event which he had just learned [LUDOVICUS DE DIEU] (compare
Isa 40:9).
None of the idols had foretold these events. Jehovah was the "first" to do so (see
Isa 41:4).
28
無題
우상숭배 점쟁이들 중에는 묻는 자에게 장래 일을 알려 줄 조언자가 없었다. 하나님이 이 장에서 도전하셨을 때 답할 자가 없었다.
英語原文
28. no counsellor--no one of the idolatrous soothsayers who could inform
(Nu 24:14)
those who consulted them what would take place. Compare "counsel of His messenger"
(Isa 44:26).
when I asked--that is, challenged them, in this chapter.
29
無題
‘혼란’은 공허함, 헛됨이라는 뜻으로 이해된다.
英語原文
29. confusion--"emptiness" [BARNES].
이사야 41장은 유대인들이 하나님의 구원 약속을 신뢰해야 할 이유를 더 제시한다. 하나님은 구원자를 일으키시지만 우상은 열방을 구원하지 못한다. 열방은 하나님 앞에서 조용히 논증을 준비하라는 도전을 받는다.