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Isa 46:1-13.
简体中文
英語原文
Isa 46:1-13.
BABYLON'S IDOLS COULD NOT SAVE THEMSELVES, MUCH LESS HER. BUT GOD CAN AND WILL SAVE ISRAEL: CYRUS IS HIS INSTRUMENT.
1. Bel--the same as the Phœnician Baal, that is, lord, the chief god of Babylon; to it was dedicated the celebrated tower of Babylon, in the center of one of the two parts into which the city was divided, the palace being in the center of the other. Identical with the sun, worshipped on turrets, housetops, and other high places, so as to be nearer the heavenly hosts (Saba)
(Jer 19:13; 32:29; Zep 1:5).
GESENIUS identifies Bel with the planet Jupiter, which, with the planet Venus (under the name Astarte or Astaroth), was worshipped in the East as the god of fortune, the most propitious star to be born under (see on
Isa 65:11).
According to the Apocryphal book, Bel and the Dragon, Bel was cast down by Cyrus.
boweth . . . stoopeth--falleth prostrate
(Isa 10:4; 1Sa 5:3, 4; Ps 20:8).
Nebo--the planet Mercury or Hermes, in astrology. The scribe of heaven, answering to the Egyptian Anubis. The extensive worship of it is shown by the many proper names compounded of it: Nebuchadnezzar. Nebuzar-adan, Nabonassar, &c.
were upon--that is, were a burden (supplied from the following clause) upon. It was customary to transport the gods of the vanquished to the land of the conquerors, who thought thereby the more effectually to keep down the subject people
(1Sa 5:1, &c.; Jer 48:7; 49:3; Da 11:8).
carriages--in the Old English sense of the things carried, the images borne by you: the lading
(Ac 21:15),
"carriages," not the vehicles, but the baggage. Or, the images which used to be carried by you formerly in your solemn processions [MAURER].
were heavy loaden--rather, are put as a load on the beasts of burden [MAURER]. HORSLEY translates, "They who should have been your carriers (as Jehovah is to His people,
Isa 46:3, 4)
are become burdens" (see on
Isa 46:4).
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简体中文
2. 拯救——脱离仇敌之手。
重担——指驮在牲畜身上的他们的偶像
(赛 46:1)。
自己——即众神本身,在此同样与他们的偶像有所区别。
英語原文
2. deliver--from the enemies' hands.
burden--their images laid on the beasts
(Isa 46:1).
themselves--the gods, here also distinguished from their images.
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简体中文
3. 与上文恰成对比:巴比伦的偶像不但不能背负其百姓安全,自己反而被抬走,成为驮兽的重担;耶和华却背负他的百姓,使他们从出胎直到年老都安稳
(赛 63:9; 申 32:11; 诗 71:6, 18)。
神将自己比作温柔怀抱孩子的保姆;与摩西的话相对
(民 11:12)。
英語原文
3. in contrast to what precedes: Babylon's idols, so far from bearing its people safely are themselves borne off, a burden to the laden beast; but Jehovah bears His people in safety even from the womb to old age
(Isa 63:9; De 32:11; Ps 71:6, 18).
God compares Himself to a nurse tenderly carrying a child; contrast Moses' language
(Nu 11:12).
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简体中文
4. 年老——因"你们的"——"你们"——"你们"在希伯来文中并无出现,故其意义比英文译本更广,当然包括犹太人从婴孩到其历史较晚期阶段
(赛 47:6)。
我是他——即始终如一的那位
(诗 102:27; 约 8:24; 来 13:8)。
我必抱……担当——我不但不必像偶像那样被人抬着、背着
(赛 46:1)。
英語原文
4. old age--As "your"--"you"--"you," are not in the Hebrew, the sentiment is more general than English Version, though of course it includes the Jews from the infancy to the more advanced age of their history
(Isa 47:6).
I am he--that is, the same
(Ps 102:27; Joh 8:24; Heb 13:8).
I will bear . . . carry--Not only do I not need to be borne and carried Myself, as the idols
(Isa 46:1).
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简体中文
5.
(赛 40:18, 25)。
英語原文
5.
(Isa 40:18, 25).
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简体中文
6.
(赛 40:19, 20; 41:7。)
他们倾囊而出,不吝金银,为他们的偶像所用。他们的慷慨使那些以无代价之物敬拜神的信徒之吝啬相形见绌。罪向来是代价高昂的服事。
英語原文
6.
(Isa 40:19, 20; 41:7.)
They lavish gold out of their purses and spare no expense for their idol. Their profuseness shames the niggardliness of professors who worship God with what cost them nothing. Sin is always a costly service.
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简体中文
7. 呼求……却……不能……救——
(赛 45:20,
与之相对照的是
赛 45:19)。
英語原文
7. cry . . . can . . . not . . . save--
(Isa 45:20,
with which contrast
Isa 45:19).
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简体中文
8. 当显出男子气概——弃绝上述偶像崇拜的幼稚
(林前 14:20; 16:13; 弗 4:14)。
要刚强就必须敬虔;因为人是照「神的形像」造的,只有与神联合才能升至其真正尊严;virtue(美德)一词源自拉丁文 vir「人」。
思念——也可译为「放在心上」。
悖逆的人——针对犹太人中的偶像崇拜者。
英語原文
8. show yourselves men--Renounce the childishness of idolatry as shown in what precedes
(1Co 14:20; 16:13; Eph 4:14).
In order to be manly we must be godly; for man was made "in the image of God," and only rises to his true dignity when joined to God; virtue is derived from the Latin vir, "a man."
bring . . . to mind--rather, "lay it to heart."
transgressors--addressed to the idolaters among the Jews.
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简体中文
9. 从前——即耶和华独一神格的证据,从应验的预言和神为以色列的介入而来
(赛 45:5)。
英語原文
9. former--namely, proofs of the sole Godship of Jehovah, from predictions fulfilled, and interpositions of God in behalf of Israel
(Isa 45:5).
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简体中文
10.
(赛 45:21; 41:22, 23; 44:26)。
还——希伯来文中无此字。译作「未曾做过的事」[HORSLEY]。
成就我所喜悦的——
(赛 53:10; 罗 9:19)。
英語原文
10.
(Isa 45:21; 41:22, 23; 44:26).
yet--not in the Hebrew. Translate, "What had not been done" [HORSLEY].
do all my pleasure--
(Isa 53:10; Ro 9:19).
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简体中文
11. 鸷鸟——古列因从波斯远地迅速进军扑向猎物而如此称呼(见
赛 41:2;
赛 41:25;
耶 49:22;
结 17:3)。
古列的军旗也是枪上的金鹰(见异教史家 XENOPHON, 7,其中用了几乎相同的词 aetos,如这里的 ayit)。
成就我的筹算——
(赛 44:28; 45:13)。
巴比伦奥秘地代表背道的派系;其偶像的毁灭象征将来一切偶像崇拜和不信的普遍根除。
谋定……作成——
(赛 43:13)。
英語原文
11. ravenous bird--Cyrus so called on account of the rapidity of his marches from the distant regions of Persia to pounce on his prey (see on
Isa 41:2;
Isa 41:25;
Jer 49:22;
Eze 17:3).
The standard of Cyrus, too, was a golden eagle on a spear (see the heathen historian, XENOPHON, 7, where almost the same word is used, aetos, as here, ayit).
executeth my counsel--
(Isa 44:28; 45:13).
Babylon represents, mystically, the apostate faction: the destruction of its idols symbolizes the future general extirpation of all idolatry and unbelief.
purposed . . . also do it--
(Isa 43:13).
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简体中文
12. 心中顽梗——在抗拒神上固执
(诗 76:5; 徒 7:51)。
远离公义——
(赛 59:9; 哈 2:4)。
英語原文
12. stout-hearted--stubborn in resisting God
(Ps 76:5; Ac 7:51).
far from righteousness--
(Isa 59:9; Hab 2:4).
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简体中文
13. 近了——与「远」相对
(赛 46:12; 赛 51:5; 56:1; 61:10, 11; 罗 10:6-8)。
公义——与平行句中的「拯救」相应;因此此处意为「我公义的拯救」;是公义的,因为它证明了神应许的真理,并且设计得不损害他的义,反而维护他的义
(赛 42:21; 罗 3:26)。
锡安……我的荣耀——应译为「我要在锡安赐下拯救;在以色列(赐下)我的荣耀」[HORSLEY]。
(赛 63:11; 诗 14:7; 路 2:32)。
英語原文
13. near--antithetical to "far"
(Isa 46:12; Isa 51:5; 56:1; 61:10, 11; Ro 10:6-8).
righteousness--answering to "salvation" in the parallel clause; therefore it means here, "my righteous deliverance"; righteous, because proving the truth of God's promises, and so contrived as to not compromise, but vindicate, His righteousness
(Isa 42:21; Ro 3:26).
Zion . . . my glory--rather, "I will give salvation in Zion; to Israel (I will give) my glory" [HORSLEY].
(Isa 63:11; Ps 14:7; Lu 2:32).
赛 46:1-13。
巴比伦的偶像不能自救,更不能救她。但神能也必拯救以色列:居鲁士是祂的工具。
1. 彼勒——即腓尼基人的巴力,意为"主",巴比伦的首席神祇;著名的巴别塔即供奉于此,位于城两区之一的中心,宫殿则位于另一区的中心。与太阳同一,人在塔楼、房顶及其他高处敬拜它,以便更接近天上的众军(Saba)
(耶 19:13;32:29; 番 1:5)。
GESENIUS 将彼勒等同于木星,木星与金星(名为亚斯他录或亚舍拉)在东方被当作命运之神敬拜,被视为出生时最吉利的星(见
赛 65:11
的注释)。据次经《彼勒与大龙》所载,彼勒被居鲁士推倒。
弯腰……蹲伏——面伏于地倒下
(赛 10:4; 撒上 5:3, 4; 诗 20:8)。
尼波——占星术中即水星或赫米斯。是天上的书记,对应埃及的阿努比斯。其敬拜之广泛,可由许多以此组成的专有名词看出:尼布甲尼撒、尼布撒拉旦、拿波纳撒等。
在……之上——即成为(由下句补足)重担在……之上。将战败者的神像运到征服者之地,是当时的惯例,征服者认为如此能更有效地压制属民
(撒上 5:1
等;耶 48:7;49:3; 但 11:8)。
行李——按古英语意为所搬运之物,即你们所抬的像:所载之物
(徒 21:15)
"行李"指的不是车辆,而是辎重。或作从前你们在庄严游行中所抬的像[MAURER]。
成为重担——更准确地说,应作为重担放在驮兽之上[MAURER]。HORSLEY 译作"那些本该作你们的搬运者(正如耶和华之于祂的百姓,
赛 46:3, 4)
却成了重担"(见
赛 46:4
的注释)。