1
Isa 48:1-22.
繁體中文
英語原文
Isa 48:1-22.
THE THINGS THAT BEFALL BABYLON JEHOVAH PREDICTED LONG BEFORE, LEST ISRAEL SHOULD ATTRIBUTE THEM, IN ITS "OBSTINATE" PERVERSITY, TO STRANGE GODS
(Isa 48:1-5).
1. the waters of Judah--spring from the fountain of Judah
(Nu 24:7; De 33:28; Ps 68:26;
Margin). Judah has the "fountain" attributed to it, because it survived the ten tribes, and from it Messiah was to spring.
swear by . . . Lord--
(Isa 19:18; 45:23; 65:16).
mention--in prayers and praises.
not in truth--
(Jer 5:2; Joh 4:24).
2
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繁體中文
2. For——你們當受這些責備；「因為」你們自稱為「聖城」
(Isa 52:1)
的百姓，卻不是出於真誠
(Isa 48:1; Ne 11:1; Da 9:24);
馬加比時代他們錢幣上的銘文也是如此：「耶路撒冷聖城」。
英語原文
2. For--Ye deserve these reproofs; "for" ye call yourselves citizens of "the holy city"
(Isa 52:1),
but not in truth
(Isa 48:1; Ne 11:1; Da 9:24);
so the inscription on their coins of the time of the Maccabees. "Jerusalem the Holy."
3
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繁體中文
3. former——從前臨到以色列的事
(Isa 42:9; 44:7, 8; 45:21; 46:10).
suddenly——這些事的成就如此出人意外，以致預言絕不可能出於單純的人世洞察力。
英語原文
3. former--things which have happened in time past to Israel
(Isa 42:9; 44:7, 8; 45:21; 46:10).
suddenly--They came to pass so unexpectedly that the prophecy could not have resulted from mere human sagacity.
4
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繁體中文
4. obstinate——希伯來文作「硬」
(De 9:27;
Eze 3:7,
旁注).
iron sinew——剛硬不屈
(Ac 7:51).
brow brass——如妓女般無恥（見
Jer 6:28; 3:3;
Eze 3:7,
旁注）.
英語原文
4. obstinate--Hebrew, "hard"
(De 9:27; Eze 3:7,
Margin).
iron sinew--inflexible
(Ac 7:51).
brow brass--shameless as a harlot (see
Jer 6:28; 3:3; Eze 3:7,
Margin).
5
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繁體中文
5. （見
Isa 48:1;
Isa 48:3
的註解。）
英語原文
5. (See on
Isa 48:1;
Isa 48:3).
6
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繁體中文
6. Thou, 等等——如「你們是我的見證」
(Isa 43:10).
你能見證預言在應驗之前早已發出：「看見這一切」，即事件與預言相符。
declare——將此事宣揚，作為耶和華是獨一真神的證據
(Isa 44:8).
new things——即藉居魯士從巴比倫得拯救——是新的，與先前已應驗的預言相對
(Isa 42:9; 43:19).
預表上，此預言也展望福音寶庫中的「新事」
(So 7:13;
Mt 13:52;
2Co 5:17;
Re 21:5).
從此以後，關於彌賽亞第一次和第二次降臨以及以色列復興的預言，具有一種新的詳盡性，是先前以賽亞的預言所沒有的。按此觀點，巴比倫對應啟示錄中奧祕的巴比倫。
hidden——是政治洞察力所無法猜測的
(Da 2:22, 29;
1Co 2:9, 10).
英語原文
6. Thou, &c.--So "ye are my witnesses"
(Isa 43:10).
Thou canst testify the prediction was uttered long before the fulfilment: "see all this," namely, that the event answers to the prophecy.
declare--make the fact known as a proof that Jehovah alone is God
(Isa 44:8).
new things--namely, the deliverance from Babylon by Cyrus, new in contradistinction from former predictions that had been fulfilled
(Isa 42:9; 43:19).
Antitypically, the prophecy has in view the "new things" of the gospel treasury
(So 7:13; Mt 13:52; 2Co 5:17; Re 21:5).
From this point forward, the prophecies as to Messiah's first and second advents and the restoration of Israel, have a new circumstantial distinctness, such as did not characterize the previous ones, even of Isaiah. Babylon, in this view, answers to the mystical Babylon of Revelation.
hidden--which could not have been guessed by political sagacity
(Da 2:22, 29; 1Co 2:9, 10).
7
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繁體中文
7. 這些事件並非如由既有原因推導而出的自然結果；其發生猶如創造之工的作為，是「從起初」所未曾有過的。
even before the day when——不如作 [MAURER]「而在（其發生的）那日之先，你未曾聽見」；即非憑人的任何敏銳可以聽聞；惟藉如今受默示的宣告方能知曉。
英語原文
7. Not like natural results from existing causes, the events when they took place were like acts of creative power, such as had never before been "from the beginning."
even before the day when--rather [MAURER], "And before the day (of their occurrence) thou hast not heard of them"; that is, by any human acuteness; they are only heard of by the present inspired announcement.
8
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繁體中文
8. heardest not——重複「不知道」，也如從
Isa 48:7。
from that time——刪去「那」。「是的，從起初你的耳就未開啟」，即未順服它們〔ROSENMULLER〕。「開耳」表示順服的留意
(Isa 50:5)；
或作「未開啟」以領受它們；即它們先前並未由我向你說明，因為你若已獲告知，以你的頑拗，便不能受約束〔MAURER〕。按前一看法，下文的含義是：「因為我知道，我若沒有將巴比倫的毀滅說得如此明白、以致無可扭曲，你便會頑拗地歸之於偶像或別的什麼，而非歸與我」
(Isa 48:5)。
這樣他們便會重新陷入拜偶像，而巴比倫之囚正是為醫治他們這點而興起的：他們從前也曾如此行
(Ex 32:4)。
歸回之後，自那時至今，他們已完全離棄了偶像。
wast called——作為你恰當的稱呼
(Isa 9:6)。
from the womb——從以色列國家存在的起頭
(Isa 44:2)。
英語原文
8. heardest not--repeated, as also "knewest not," from
Isa 48:7.
from that time--Omit "that." "Yea, from the first thine ear did not open itself," namely, to obey them [ROSENMULLER]. "To open the ear" denotes obedient attention
(Isa 50:5);
or, "was not opened" to receive them; that is, they were not declared by Me to thee previously, since, if thou hadst been informed of them, such is thy perversity, thou couldst not have been kept in check [MAURER]. In the former view, the sense of the words following is, "For I knew that, if I had not foretold the destruction of Babylon so plainly that there could be no perverting of it, thou wouldst have perversely ascribed it to idols, or something else than to Me"
(Isa 48:5).
Thus they would have relapsed into idolatry, to cure them of which the Babylonian captivity was sent: so they had done
(Ex 32:4).
After the return, and ever since, they have utterly forsaken idols.
wast called--as thine appropriate appellation
(Isa 9:6).
from the womb--from the beginning of Israel's national existence
(Isa 44:2).
9
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繁體中文
9. refrain——字面意思是「籠住」；歸回之後，祂的怒氣要暫被約束，然後因他們的罪又被釋放
(Ps 78:38)。
for thee——即我的怒氣向著你。
英語原文
9. refrain--literally, "muzzle"; His wrath, after the return, was to be restrained a while, and then, because of their sins, let loose again
(Ps 78:38).
for thee--that is, mine anger towards thee.
10
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繁體中文
10.（見
Isa 1:25 註釋）。
with silver——宜作「為銀子」。我藉苦難尋求潔淨你，但你不如銀子那樣由熔煉而得，卻如渣滓〔GESENIUS〕。 你的悔改不完全：你還不是精煉的銀子。ROSENMULLER 解釋「不如銀子」，即不用那熔化銀子所需的高溫（銀比金更難熔），即不用最嚴厲的刑罰。前一看法較佳
(Isa 1:25; 42:25; Eze 22:18-20, 22)。
chosen——或作〔LOWTH〕，試驗……熬煉：按 GESENIUS，字面意思是「用試金石磨」，或切開以檢驗
(Zec 13:9; Mal 3:3; 1Pe 1:7)。
英語原文
10. (See on
Isa 1:25).
with silver--rather, "for silver." I sought by affliction to purify thee, but thou wast not as silver obtained by melting, but as dross [GESENIUS]. Thy repentance is not complete: thou art not yet as refined silver. ROSENMULLER explains, "not as silver," not with the intense heat needed to melt silver (it being harder to melt than gold), that is, not with the most extreme severity. The former view is better
(Isa 1:25; 42:25; Eze 22:18-20, 22).
chosen--or else [LOWTH], tried . . . proved: according to GESENIUS, literally, "to rub with the touchstone," or to cut in pieces so as to examine
(Zec 13:9; Mal 3:3; 1Pe 1:7).
11
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繁體中文
11. how should my name——MAURER 不從
Isa 48:9
取「我的名」，而從下一子句取「我的榮耀」；並譯作：「我的榮耀被褻瀎得何等（可恥）！」在英文譯本中含義是：「我必克制
(Isa 48:9，
即不將你全然毀滅），因為我為何容讓我的名被污染？若主全然毀滅祂選民的話，便會如此」
(Eze 20:9)。
not give my glory unto another——若神永遠離棄祂的子民，外邦人便會將他們勝過以色列的勝利歸於他們的偶像；這樣神的榮耀便歸給別的了。
英語原文
11. how should my name--MAURER, instead of "My name" from
Isa 48:9,
supplies "My glory" from the next clause; and translates, "How (shamefully) My glory has been profaned!" In English Version the sense is, "I will refrain
(Isa 48:9,
that is, not utterly destroy thee), for why should I permit My name to be polluted, which it would be, if the Lord utterly destroyed His elect people"
(Eze 20:9)?
not give my glory unto another--If God forsook His people for ever, the heathen would attribute their triumph over Israel to their idols; so God's glory would be given to another.
12
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繁體中文
12-15. 那創立天地的大能者能夠、也必定恢復祂的百姓。
the first . . . last——
(Isa 41:4; 44:6)。
英語原文
12-15. The Almighty, who has founded heaven and earth, can, and will, restore His people.
the first . . . last--
(Isa 41:4; 44:6).
13
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繁體中文
13. 鋪張——量度
（賽 40:12）。
我一招呼便都站住——
（賽 40:26； 耶 33:25）。
但此處所重的不僅是它們的被造，而是天地如神的使者一般，隨時預備聽祂命令執行祂的旨意
（詩 119:91）
〔ROSENMULLER〕。
英語原文
13. spanned--measured out
(Isa 40:12).
when I call . . . stand up together--
(Isa 40:26; Jer 33:25).
But it is not their creation so much which is meant, as that, like ministers of God, the heavens and the earth are prepared at His command to execute His decrees
(Ps 119:91)
[ROSENMULLER].
14
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繁體中文
14. 在他們中間——在迦勒底的眾神與占星者中間
（賽 41:22，43:9，44:7）。
耶和華……愛他；他必等——即「耶和華所愛的那位必成就」等〔LOWTH〕；
即居魯士
（賽 44:28，45:1、13，46:11）。
然而，耶和華對其表達愛的話語太過強烈，不能單單應用於居魯士，除非作為彌賽亞的預表——這話唯獨完全應驗在彌賽亞身上
（啟 5:2-5）。
他所喜悅的——不是居魯士自己的旨意，而是耶和華的。
英語原文
14. among them--among the gods and astrologers of the Chaldees
(Isa 41:22; 43:9; 44:7).
Lord . . . loved him; he will, &c.--that is, "He whom the Lord hath loved will do," &c. [LOWTH]; namely, Cyrus
(Isa 44:28; 45:1, 13; 46:11).
However, Jehovah's language of love is too strong to apply to Cyrus, except as type of Messiah, to whom alone it fully applies
(Re 5:2-5).
his pleasure--not Cyrus' own, but Jehovah's.
15
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繁體中文
15. 引導——引他上路。
他——從第一人稱轉為第三人稱〔BARNES〕。耶和華要使居魯士的道路亨通。
英語原文
15. brought--led him on his way.
he--change from the first to the third person [BARNES]. Jehovah shall make his (Cyrus') way prosperous.
16
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繁體中文
16. 沒有……在隱密處——
（賽 45:19）。
耶和華預告居魯士的來臨，不像外邦神諭那樣故作含糊，而是明明白白。
從……時等——從這旨意開始藉居魯士的興起而成就的那一刻起，我就在那裏。
差遣我——先知在此發言，聲稱他對居魯士的宣告值得注意，因他受神和祂的靈差遣。但他不是憑自己的身份說話，而是憑彌賽亞的身份說話，這話唯有在彌賽亞身上才得到最完全的應驗
（賽 61:1； 約 10:36）。
顯然，
賽 49:1
是第四十八章的延續，從
賽 48:16
開始，說話者從神
（賽 48:1、12-15）
轉變——那裏是彌賽亞的話語。
路 4:1、14、18
表明聖靈與父一同差遣了子：因此「祂的靈」是「差遣」的主語，而非跟在其後的賓語。
英語原文
16. not . . . in secret--
(Isa 45:19).
Jehovah foretold Cyrus' advent, not with the studied ambiguity of heathen oracles, but plainly.
from the time, &c.--From the moment that the purpose began to be accomplished in the raising up of Cyrus I was present.
sent me--The prophet here speaks, claiming attention to his announcement as to Cyrus, on the ground of his mission from God and His Spirit. But he speaks not in his own person so much as in that of Messiah, to whom alone in the fullest sense the words apply
(Isa 61:1; Joh 10:36).
Plainly,
Isa 49:1,
which is the continuation of the forty-eighth chapter, from
Isa 48:16,
where the change of speaker from God
(Isa 48:1, 12-15)
begins, is the language of Messiah.
Lu 4:1, 14, 18,
shows that the Spirit combined with the Father in sending the Son: therefore "His Spirit" is nominative to "sent," not accusative, following it.
17
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繁體中文
17. 引導……得益處——藉著患難，如巴比倫之擄，以及以色列現今長久的分散
（來 12:10）。
英語原文
17. teacheth . . . to profit--by affliction, such as the Babylonish captivity, and the present long-continued dispersion of Israel
(Heb 12:10).
18
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繁體中文
18. 平安——
（詩 119:165）。
參同一位彌賽亞所表達的願望
（太 23:37； 路 19:42）。
江河——
（賽 33:21，41:18），
從神寶座流出的江河，是白白、豐盛、源源不絕的福分的象徵
（結 47:1； 亞 14:8； 啟 22:1）。
公義——屬靈的興盛；「平安」即國家興盛的根源；因此「平安」在平行句中對應「公義」
（賽 32:17）。
英語原文
18. peace--
(Ps 119:165).
Compare the desire expressed by the same Messiah
(Mt 23:37; Lu 19:42).
river--
(Isa 33:21; 41:18),
a river flowing from God's throne is the symbol of free, abundant, and ever flowing blessings from Him
(Eze 47:1; Zec 14:8; Re 22:1).
righteousness--religious prosperity; the parent of "peace" or national prosperity; therefore "peace" corresponds to "righteousness" in the parallelism
(Isa 32:17).
19
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繁體中文
19. 沙——保留「海」的比喻
（賽 48:18）。
其中的石頭——宜作，如希伯來文，「如其（海之）肚子所出的（後裔）」；指海中無數的活物、魚類等，而非石頭
〔MAURER〕。耶柔米、迦勒底譯本與敘利亞譯本支持英文版本。
他的名……剪除——從第二人稱「你的」轉到第三人稱「他的」。以色列的名在巴比倫之擄期間被「作為國民」剪除；如今也是如此，預言特別注視這一點
（羅 11:20）。
英語原文
19. sand--retaining the metaphor of "the sea"
(Isa 48:18).
like the gravel thereof--rather, as the Hebrew, "like that (the offspring) of its (the sea's) bowels"; referring to the countless living creatures, fishes, &c., of the sea, rather than the gravel [MAURER]. JEROME, Chaldee, and Syriac support English Version.
his name . . . cut off--transition from the second person, "thy," to the third "his." Israel's name was cut off "as a nation" during the Babylonish captivity; also it is so now, to which the prophecy especially looks
(Ro 11:20).
20
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繁體中文
20. 你們要……出來……地極——首先，這是預言他們將歡喜地從巴比倫得釋放，並吩咐他們在神開路之時即當離去。然而，將此事「傳到地極」，表明這預言在預表意義上有更廣泛的範圍；
啟 18:4
表明最終所指的乃是奧秘的巴比倫。
救贖了……雅各——
(賽 43:1；44:22, 23)。
英語原文
20. Go . . . forth . . . end of the earth--Primarily, a prophecy of their joyful deliverance from Babylon, and a direction that they should leave it when God opened the way. But the publication of it "to the ends of the earth" shows it has a more world-wide scope antitypically;
Re 18:4
shows that the mystical Babylon is ultimately meant.
redeemed . . . Jacob--
(Isa 43:1; 44:22, 23).
21
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繁體中文
21. 以斯拉記述歸回之事時，並未提及神在曠野為他們裂開磐石之事〔KIMCHI〕。
因此，出埃及之拯救
(出 17:6； 民 20:11； 詩 78:15；105:41)
與脫離巴比倫之拯救的情境交織在一起；此語雖較直接地指後者的拯救，但因與前者（並不嚴格適用於後者）的情境相混雜，故不能完全指二者中任何一個，而是指人在彌賽亞之下所得奧秘的拯救，並字面上指以色列最終的復興。
英語原文
21. Ezra, in describing the return, makes no mention of God cleaving the rock for them in the desert [KIMCHI]. The circumstances, therefore, of the deliverance from Egypt
(Ex 17:6; Nu 20:11; Ps 78:15; 105:41)
and of that from Babylon, are blended together; the language, while more immediately referring to the latter deliverance, yet, as being blended with circumstances of the former not strictly applicable to the latter, cannot wholly refer to either, but to the mystic deliverance of man under Messiah, and literally to the final restoration of Israel.
22
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繁體中文
22. 重複
賽 57:21。
剛才所提的一切福氣
(賽 48:21)
只屬於敬虔人，不屬於惡人。以色列必先除掉其邪惡的不信，然後才能承受國家的繁榮
(亞 12:10-14； 13:1, 9；14:3, 14, 20, 21)。
此原則對一切惡人同樣適用
(伯 15:20-25, 31-34)。
英語原文
22. Repeated
(Isa 57:21).
All the blessings just mentioned
(Isa 48:21)
belong only to the godly, not to the wicked. Israel shall first cast away its wicked unbelief before it shall inherit national prosperity
(Zec 12:10-14; 13:1, 9; 14:3, 14, 20, 21).
The sentiment holds good also as to all wicked men
(Job 15:20-25, 31-34).
Isa 48:1-22.
耶和華在遠古之前便預告了臨到巴比倫的事，免得以色列在其「頑梗」的悖逆中將之歸於別神
(Isa 48:1-5).
1. the waters of Judah——源自猶大之泉源
(Nu 24:7; De 33:28; Ps 68:26,
Margin). 「泉源」歸於猶大，因它在十支派滅亡之後仍然存留，而彌賽亞也將從它而出。
swear by . . . Lord——
(Isa 19:18; 45:23; 65:16).
mention——在禱告與讚美中題說。
not in truth——
(Jer 5:2; Joh 4:24).