Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · Isaiah 第51章

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Isaiah 51章

1

Isa 51:1-23.

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简体中文

赛 51:1-23。

勉励以色列中忠信的余民信靠神,相信他们必蒙拯救,脱离漫长的巴比伦之俘,也脱离现今的分散。

1. 我——你们列祖的神。

你们……追求公义的——即国民中敬虔的那部分;

赛 51:7

表明这一点

(箴 15:9; 提前 6:11)。

"你们追求公义",故当从我这"使之临近"的一位寻求,且这公义"不致废去"

(赛 51:6, 7);

当仰望你们的父亚伯拉罕

(赛 51:2),

作为在我面前得称为义的榜样;我这赐福给他的同一位神,最终也必赐福给你们

(赛 51:3);

因此当信靠我,不要怕人的反对

(赛 51:7, 8, 12, 13)。

犹太人迄今的错误,不在于他们"追求公义",而在于他们"靠律法的行为"去追求,而非像亚伯拉罕那样"本乎信"去追求

(罗 9:31, 32;10:3, 4;4:2-5)。

被凿而出的磐石穴——其要旨并非如常被引用的那样,要人谦卑,提醒人自己曾被取出的堕落状态;而是说,正如亚伯拉罕——他们的民族仿佛从其中凿出的采石场(比较

赛 48:1)

——蒙召从异乡出来进入迦南基业,并蒙神赐福,同一位神也能拯救并恢复他们(比较

太 3:9)。

英語原文

Isa 51:1-23.

ENCOURAGEMENT TO THE FAITHFUL REMNANT OF ISRAEL TO TRUST IN GOD FOR DELIVERANCE, BOTH FROM THEIR LONG BABYLONIAN EXILE, AND FROM THEIR PRESENT DISPERSION.

1. me--the God of your fathers.

ye . . . follow after righteousness--the godly portion of the nation;

Isa 51:7

shows this

(Pr 15:9; 1Ti 6:11).

"Ye follow righteousness," seek it therefore from Me, who "bring it near," and that a righteousness "not about to be abolished"

(Isa 51:6, 7);

look to Abraham, your father

(Isa 51:2),

as a sample of how righteousness before Me is to be obtained; I, the same God who blessed him, will bless you at last

(Isa 51:3);

therefore trust in Me, and fear not man's opposition

(Isa 51:7, 8, 12, 13).

The mistake of the Jews, heretofore, has been, not in that they "followed after righteousness," but in that they followed it "by the works of the law," instead of "by faith," as Abraham did

(Ro 9:31, 32; 10:3, 4; 4:2-5).

hole of . . . pit--The idea is not, as it is often quoted, the inculcation of humility, by reminding men of the fallen state from which they have been taken, but that as Abraham, the quarry, as it were (compare

Isa 48:1),

whence their nation was hewn, had been called out of a strange land to the inheritance of Canaan, and blessed by God, the same God is able to deliver and restore them also (compare

Mt 3:9).

简体中文

2. 独自一人——译作"我召他的时候,他只有一人"

(结 33:24)。

论据是:那曾如此赐福"一个"个人,使他成为强大民族的神

(创 12:1;

22:7),

也能使以色列所剩的少数余民增多并赐福——无论是巴比伦之囚中留下的余民,还是现今及末世留下的余民

(亚 14:2);

即"剩下的余数"

(赛 13:8, 9)。

英語原文

2. alone--translate, "I called him when he was but one"

(Eze 33:24).

The argument is: the same God who had so blessed "one" individual, as to become a mighty nation

(Ge 12:1; 22:7),

can also increase and bless the small remnant of Israel, both that left in the Babylonish captivity, and that left in the present and latter days

(Zec 14:2);

"the residue"

(Isa 13:8, 9).

简体中文

3. 因为——论据见

赛 51:2

注释。

耶和华的园子——即恢复太初的乐园

(创 2:8; 结 28:13; 启 2:7)。

乐音——希伯来文为"诗篇"。赞美神的声音必将再次听见。

英語原文

3. For--See for the argument, see on

Isa 51:2.

the garden of the Lord--restoration of the primeval paradise

(Ge 2:8; Eze 28:13; Re 2:7).

melody--Hebrew, "psalm." God's praises shall again be heard.

简体中文

4. 我的百姓——指犹太人。这一读法优于GESENIUS的"万民啊……列国啊",即指外邦人。犹太人被呼吁倾听,并为真信仰扩展至列国而欢喜;因为无论在福音初次传扬时,还是在将来的末期,福音的律法都是从耶路撒冷传出,如今亦然

(赛 2:3)。

律法……判断——指福音的安排与制度

(赛 42:1,

"公理")。

安息——即坚定设立;奠定。

光云云——

(赛 42:6)。

英語原文

4. my people--the Jews. This reading is better than that of GESENIUS: "O peoples . . . nations," namely, the Gentiles. The Jews are called on to hear and rejoice in the extension of the true religion to the nations; for, at the first preaching of the Gospel, as in the final age to come, it was from Jerusalem that the gospel law was, and is, to go forth

(Isa 2:3).

law . . . judgment--the gospel dispensation and institutions

(Isa 42:1,

"judgment").

make . . . to rest--establish firmly; found.

light, &c.--

(Isa 42:6).

简体中文

5. 公义……临近——即信实地成就所应许的拯救,与平行句的"救恩"相应

(赛 46:13; 56:1; 罗 10:8, 9)。

你们追求"公义",所以当从我这里寻求它,便不必走远

(赛 51:1)。

膀臂——指他自己;即我以我的大能。

审判——

(赛 2:3, 4; 诗 98:9)。

海岛云云——

(赛 60:9)。

膀臂——

(罗 1:16),

"神救恩的大能(临到外邦人,也临到犹太人)"。

英語原文

5. righteousness . . . near--that is, faithful fulfilment of the promised deliverance, answering to "salvation" in the parallel clause

(Isa 46:13; 56:1; Ro 10:8, 9).

Ye follow after "righteousness"; seek it therefore, from Me, and you will not have far to go for it

(Isa 51:1).

arms--put for Himself; I by My might.

judge--

(Isa 2:3, 4; Ps 98:9).

isles, &c.--

(Isa 60:9).

arm--

(Ro 1:16),

"the power of God unto (the Gentiles as well as the Jews) salvation."

简体中文

6.

(赛 40:6, 8; 诗 102:26; 来 1:11, 12)。

消灭——字面为"被撕碎",如衣服一般[MAURER];与上下文相符。

如此——但GESENIUS译作"如蚊子",即如最小最微贱的昆虫。耶柔米(JEROME)如英文译本译作,并推断"如此"即如人一样,天与地不是要被消灭,而是要改换更新

(赛 65:17)。

公义——即我信实成就的应许(见

赛 51:5

注释)。

英語原文

6.

(Isa 40:6, 8; Ps 102:26; Heb 1:11, 12).

vanish away--literally, "shall be torn asunder," as a garment [MAURER]; which accords with the context.

in like manner--But GESENIUS, "Like a gnat"; like the smallest and vilest insect. JEROME translates, as English Version, and infers that "in like manner" as man, the heavens (that is, the sky) and earth are not to be annihilated, but changed for the better

(Isa 65:17).

righteousness--My faithfully fulfilled promise (see on

Isa 51:5).

简体中文

7. 知道公义——(参

赛 51:1)。

英語原文

7. know righteousness--(See on

Isa 51:1).

简体中文

8.(见

赛 50:9;

伯 4:18-20

注解)。

并非蛀虫将人吃尽,而是他们要被如同蛀虫吃衣服那样微不足道的器皿所毁灭。

英語原文

8. (See on

Isa 50:9;

Job 4:18-20).

Not that the moth eats men up, but they shall be destroyed by as insignificant instrumentality as the moth that eats a garment.

简体中文

9. 被掳犹太人热情恳切的祷告。

古时——

(诗 44:1)。

拉哈伯——埃及的诗意名称(见

赛 30:7

注解)。

蛇——希伯来文 tannin。鳄鱼,埃及的象征,如奥古斯都征服埃及后所铸造的钱币所示;或更恰当地说,此处指「它的王」法老(见

赛 27:1;

诗 74:13, 14; 结 32:2,

栏注;

结 29:3)。

英語原文

9. Impassioned prayer of the exiled Jews.

ancient days--

(Ps 44:1).

Rahab--poetical name for Egypt (see on

Isa 30:7).

dragon--Hebrew, tannin. The crocodile, an emblem of Egypt, as represented on coins struck after the conquest of Egypt by Augustus; or rather here, "its king," Pharaoh (see on

Isa 27:1;

Ps 74:13, 14; Eze 32:2,

Margin;

Eze 29:3).

简体中文

10. 它——膀臂。

你不是那曾……的全能之力吗?使海干涸——红海

(赛 43:16; 出 14:21)。

英語原文

10. it--the arm.

Art not Thou the same Almighty power that . . . ? dried the sea--the Red Sea

(Isa 43:16; Ex 14:21).

简体中文

11.

(赛 35:10)。

所以——信心的确据;或是耶和华对他们的祷告的回应。正如神从埃及救赎了以色列,他必从巴比伦救赎他们——字面上的在以后的时代,奥秘的在末世

(启 18:20, 21)。

必有第二次出埃及

(赛 11:11-16; 27:12, 13)。

歌唱——取自商队在东方广袤平原上行进时歌唱的习俗。

永远快乐——

(犹 24)。

忧愁……逃避——

(启 21:4)。

英語原文

11.

(Isa 35:10).

Therefore--assurance of faith; or else the answer of Jehovah corresponding to their prayer. As surely as God redeemed Israel out of Egypt, He shall redeem them from Babylon, both the literal in the age following, and mystical in the last ages

(Re 18:20, 21).

There shall be a second exodus

(Isa 11:11-16; 27:12, 13).

singing--image from the custom of singing on a journey when a caravan is passing along the extended plains in the East.

everlasting joy--

(Jude 24).

sorrow . . . flee away--

(Re 21:4).

简体中文

12. 安慰——

(赛 51:3; 赛 40:1)。

你——锡安。

必死的人——如同其先祖亚当般脆弱必死。

如草——如草枯干

(赛 40:6, 7)。

英語原文

12. comforteth--

(Isa 51:3; Isa 40:1).

thou--Zion.

son of man--frail and dying as his parent Adam.

be made as grass--wither as grass

(Isa 40:6, 7).

简体中文

13.

(赛 40:12, 26, 28),

同样从创造者全能而来的安慰论证。

像……预备等等——文字上「当他瞄准」,即他的箭,为毁灭

(诗 21:12; 7:13; 11:2)[MAURER]。

英語原文

13.

(Isa 40:12, 26, 28),

the same argument of comfort drawn from the omnipotence of the Creator.

as if . . . ready, &c.--literally, "when he directs," namely, his arrow, to destroy

(Ps 21:12; 7:13; 11:2)

[MAURER].

简体中文

14. 被掳的——文字上,屈身如被掳之人

(赛 10:4)

[MAURER]。场景首先是巴比伦,时间近被掳末期。其次,作为预表实体,是奥秘的巴比伦——以色列和教会最后的仇敌,他们在此长久受苦,却要从其中得荣耀的释放。

坑——古代许多地牢即如此(比较

耶 38:6, 11, 13; 创 37:20)。

饼……缺乏——

(赛 33:16; 耶 37:21)。

英語原文

14. captive exile--literally, one bowed down as a captive

(Isa 10:4)

[MAURER]. The scene is primarily Babylon, and the time near the close of the captivity. Secondarily, and antitypically, the mystical Babylon, the last enemy of Israel and the Church, in which they have long suffered, but from which they are to be gloriously delivered.

pit--such as were many of the ancient dungeons (compare

Jer 38:6, 11, 13; Ge 37:20).

nor . . . bread . . . fail--

(Isa 33:16; Jer 37:21).

简体中文

15. 划开……海——红海。与「使之安息」

(赛 51:4)

是同一希伯来文词。

更应译为「那使海战栗的」,即以我的斥责约束它,「当其波浪翻腾之时」[GESENIUS]。 希伯来文支持 MAURER:「那使海战栗以致波浪翻腾」。语意支持 GESENIUS

(耶 5:22; 31:35),

或英文译本

(赛 51:9, 10,

支持特别指向出埃及的背景)。

英語原文

15. divided . . . sea--the Red Sea. The same Hebrew word as "make to rest"

(Isa 51:4).

Rather, "that terrify the sea," that is, restrain it by My rebuke, "when its waves roar" [GESENIUS]. The Hebrew favors MAURER, "that terrify the sea so that the waves roar." The sense favors GESENIUS

(Jer 5:22; 31:35),

or English Version

(Isa 51:9, 10,

which favors the special reference to the exodus from Egypt).

简体中文

16. 此处对以色列——具体在「耶和华的仆人」

(赛 42:1)

弥赛亚,以色列的理想和代表性元首——说话,蒙拣选的余民要借他得以复原。

将我的话放在你口中——对以色列——真宗教的保管者——为真,但唯有在以色列的元首和预表实体弥赛亚身上才完全实现

(赛 49:2; 50:4, 5; 59:21; 申 18:18; 约 3:34)。

用手……遮蔽——保护了你(见

赛 49:2

注解)。

建立——应译为「立定」如帐幕;如此应译

(但 11:45)。

如今借福音在属灵世界中进行、将来要扩展到可见世界的「新创造」

(弗 2:10),

正是所指

(赛 65:17; 66:22;

比较

赛 13:13; 彼后 3:10-13)。

锡安——其复兴是将来新创造中的首要部分

(赛 65:17, 19)。

英語原文

16. Addressed to Israel, embodied in "the servant of Jehovah"

(Isa 42:1),

Messiah, its ideal and representative Head, through whom the elect remnant is to be restored.

put my words in thy mouth--true of Israel, the depository of true religion, but fully realized only in Israel's Head and antitype, Messiah

(Isa 49:2; 50:4, 5; 59:21; De 18:18; Joh 3:34).

covered . . . in . . . shadow of . . . hand--protected thee (see on

Isa 49:2).

plant--rather, "fix" as a tabernacle; so it ought to be rendered

(Da 11:45).

The "new creation," now going on in the spiritual world by the Gospel

(Eph 2:10),

and hereafter to be extended to the visible world, is meant

(Isa 65:17; 66:22;

compare

Isa 13:13; 2Pe 3:10-13).

Zion--Its restoration is a leading part in the new creation to come

(Isa 65:17, 19).

简体中文

*17. 耶路撒冷啊,兴起兴起,站起来——

(Isa 52:1)。

喝醉了——耶和华的怒气比作令人沉醉的饮料,因为它使受其折磨的人昏迷,使他跌倒

(Job 21:20;

Ps 60:3; 75:8;

Jer 25:15, 16; 49:12;

Zec 12:2;

Re 14:10);

("纯一不掺杂地倾倒出来";更恰当作"纯葡萄汁掺了使人沉醉的药剂")。

令人战栗的——即产生战栗或沉醉的。

捞出来——把最后一滴都倒尽;渣滓是各种物质——如蜜、枣、药剂——放入酒中以增强其浓度和甘甜的沉淀物。

英語原文

17. Awake, awake, stand up, O Jerusalem, &c.--

(Isa 52:1).

drunk--Jehovah's wrath is compared to an intoxicating draught because it confounds the sufferer under it, and makes him fall

(Job 21:20; Ps 60:3; 75:8; Jer 25:15, 16; 49:12; Zec 12:2; Re 14:10);

("poured out without mixture"; rather, "the pure wine juice mixed with intoxicating drugs").

of trembling--which produced trembling or intoxication.

wrung . . . out--drained the last drop out; the dregs were the sediments from various substances, as honey, dates, and drugs, put into the wine to increase the strength and sweetness.

简体中文

*18. 延续

Isa 51:17

的比喻,她因神怒的杯而沉醉昏迷,无人引导她于无助之境;她尚未从那杯所引起的沉睡中醒来。这不能适用于巴比伦之囚;因为那时他们有以西结和但以理、以斯拉和尼希米作"引导",不久便从那沉睡中醒来;但这适用于如今的犹太人,在他们将来受敌基督压迫之时更为贴切。

英語原文

18. Following up the image in

Isa 51:17,

intoxicated and confused by the cup of God's anger, she has none to guide her in her helpless state; she has not yet awakened out of the sleep caused by that draught. This cannot apply to the Babylonish captivity; for in it they had Ezekiel and Daniel, Ezra and Nehemiah, as "guides," and soon awoke out of that sleep; but it applies to the Jews now, and will be still more applicable in their coming oppression by Antichrist.

简体中文

19. 两样——指两类灾祸,因为他列举了四样*,即对国土和国家的荒凉与毁灭;对人民的饥荒与刀剑。

谁……为你悲伤——以致给你有效的救助:如平行的子句"我怎能安慰你呢?"所示

(La 2:11-13)。

英語原文

19. two--classes of evils, for he enumerates four, namely, desolation and destruction to the land and state; famine and the sword to the people.

who shall be sorry for thee--so as to give thee effectual relief: as the parallel clause, "By whom shall I comfort thee?" shows

(La 2:11-13).

简体中文

*20. 各街头……口——

(La 2:19; 4:1)。

野牛——更恰当作"大羚羊" [JEROME],或羚羊 [GESENIUS],或野山羊 [BOCHART];在东方通常以宽阔的网捕获,将野兽赶入其中。东方城邑的街道往往有门,夜间关闭;想要逃脱的人必被拦住捕获,如网中的野兽。

英語原文

20. head of all . . . streets--

(La 2:19; 4:1).

wild bull--rather, "oryx" [JEROME], or gazelle [GESENIUS], or wild goat [BOCHART]; commonly in the East taken in a net, of a wide sweep, into which the beasts were hunted together. The streets of cities in the East often have gates, which are closed at night; a person wishing to escape would be stopped by them and caught, as a wild animal in a net.

简体中文

*21. 喝醉了……不是因酒——

(Isa 29:9;

参见此处

Isa 51:17, 20;

La 3:15)。

英語原文

21. drunken . . . not with wine--

(Isa 29:9;

compare

Isa 51:17, 20,

here;

La 3:15).

简体中文

*22. 辩……冤——

(Ps 35:1;

Jer 50:34;

Mic 7:9)。

必不再喝——

(Isa 54:7-9)。

这不能适用于从巴比伦归回之后的以色列,只能适用于他们最终复兴之后。

英語原文

22. pleadeth . . . cause--

(Ps 35:1; Jer 50:34; Mic 7:9).

no more drink it--

(Isa 54:7-9).

This cannot apply to Israel after the return from Babylon, but only to them after their final restoration.

简体中文

*23.

(Isa 49:26;

Jer 25:15-29;

Zec 12:2)。

屈身使人……走过——征服者往往字面上践踏被征服之王的颈项,如波斯王沙普尔对罗马皇帝瓦勒良所行

(Jos 10:24;

Ps 18:40;

66:11, 12)。

英語原文

23.

(Isa 49:26; Jer 25:15-29; Zec 12:2).

Bow down that . . . go over--Conquerors often literally trod on the necks of conquered kings, as Sapor of Persia did to the Roman emperor Valerian

(Jos 10:24; Ps 18:40; 66:11, 12).