1
Jer 6:1-30.
繁體中文
英語原文
Jer 6:1-30.
ZION'S FOES PREPARE WAR AGAINST HER: HER SINS ARE THE CAUSE.
1. Benjamin--Jerusalem was situated in the tribe of Benjamin, which was here separated from that of Judah by the valley of Hinnom. Though it was inhabited partly by Benjamites, partly by men of Judah, he addresses the former as being his own countrymen.
blow . . . trumpet . . . Tekoa--Tikehu, Tekoa form a play on sounds. The birthplace of Amos.
Beth-haccerem--meaning in Hebrew, "vineyard-house." It and Tekoa were a few miles south of Jerusalem. As the enemy came from the north, the inhabitants of the surrounding country would naturally flee southwards. The fire-signal on the hills gave warning of danger approaching.
2
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2. 比作——更確切地說，「我必使荒涼」。原文作「美好而嬌嫩的啊，我必使錫安的女兒荒涼」，即「你」。如
Zec 3:9
「在約書亞面前」，即「在你面前」〔MAURER〕。
英語原文
2. likened--rather, "I lay waste." Literally, "O comely and delicate one, I lay waste the daughter of Zion," that is, "thee." So
Zec 3:9,
"before Joshua," that is, "before thee" [MAURER].
3
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3. 牧人——帶領軍隊的敵方首領
（Jer 1:15; 4:17; 49:20; 50:45）。
支搭——他們各人要吞盡鄰近的一切；原文作「他的手」，即他所佔的位置
（Nu 2:17；
參見
Isa 56:5）。
英語原文
3. shepherds--hostile leaders with their armies
(Jer 1:15; 4:17; 49:20; 50:45).
feed--They shall consume each one all that is near him; literally, "his hand," that is, the place which he occupies
(Nu 2:17;
see on
Isa 56:5).
4
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4, 5. 入侵的士兵彼此鼓勵進攻耶路撒冷。
預備——字面意思是「將戰爭分別為聖」，即以莊嚴的儀式正式宣佈；這入侵是神正式下令的（參見
賽 13:3)。
午間——一天中最熱的時候，很少在此時發動攻擊
(耶 15:8；20:16)。
即使在這時候他們也想進攻，可見其渴望之切。
我們有禍了——這是入侵者的話，為夜幕降臨將中止其軍事行動而哀嘆；然而即使在黑暗中，他們仍在夜間重新進攻
(耶 6:5)。
英語原文
4, 5. The invading soldiers encourage one another to the attack on Jerusalem.
Prepare--literally, "Sanctify" war, that is, Proclaim it formally with solemn rites; the invasion was solemnly ordered by God (compare
Isa 13:3).
at noon--the hottest part of the day when attacks were rarely made
(Jer 15:8; 20:16).
Even at this time they wished to attack, such is their eagerness.
Woe unto us--The words of the invaders, mourning the approach of night which would suspend their hostile operations; still, even in spite of the darkness, at night they renew the attack
(Jer 6:5).
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6. 堆築——希伯來文作「傾倒」；指傾空盛土的筐子，以築成由「樹木」和土方構成的土壘，使其高過城牆。那些「樹木」也被用來製造攻城的器械。
這——指向入侵者所瞄準的耶路撒冷。
懲罰——即刑罰。
盡是欺壓——或將「盡是」與「懲罰」連讀，即她要全然（在整個範圍上）受罰〔MAURER〕。
英語原文
6. cast--Hebrew, "pour out"; referring to the emptying of the baskets of earth to make the mound, formed of "trees" and earthwork, to overtop the city walls. The "trees" were also used to make warlike engines.
this--pointing the invaders to Jerusalem.
visited--that is, punished.
wholly oppression--or join "wholly" with "visited," that is, she is altogether (in her whole extent) to be punished [MAURER].
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7. 泉源——更恰當地說，是挖掘的井，水從中湧出；有別於天然的泉源。
湧出——使水流淌；字面作「使之挖掘」，以因代果（2Ki 21:16、24；Isa 57:20）。
我——即耶和華。
英語原文
7. fountain--rather, a well dug, from which water springs; distinct from a natural spring or fountain.
casteth out--causeth to flow; literally, "causeth to dig," the cause being put for the effect
(2Ki 21:16, 24; Isa 57:20).
me--Jehovah.
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8. 這是在威嚇之中發出的溫柔呼籲。
離開——希伯來文作「被撕開」；耶和華的深情使他不願離去；他對耶路撒冷的眷戀如此之深，以致需要一番努力才能將自己從中撕開（Eze 23:18；Ho 9:12；11:8）。
英語原文
8. Tender appeal in the midst of threats.
depart--Hebrew, "be torn away"; Jehovah's affection making Him unwilling to depart; His attachment to Jerusalem was such that an effort was needed to tear Himself from it
(Eze 23:18; Ho 9:12; 11:8).
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9. 猶太人是葡萄，他們的仇敵是毫不留情的拾取者。
回手——一次又一次地將新摘的滿把葡萄放入籃中；指屢次將俘虜擄往巴比倫（Jer 52:28-30；2Ki 24:14；25:11）。
英語原文
9. The Jews are the grapes, their enemies the unsparing gleaners.
turn back . . . hand--again and again bring freshly gathered handfuls to the baskets; referring to the repeated carrying away of captives to Babylon
(Jer 52:28-30; 2Ki 24:14; 25:11).
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10. 耳未受割禮——因肉體的未割禮而向神的誡命關閉
(Le 26:41； Eze 44:7； Ac 7:51)。
話……羞辱——
(Jer 20:8)。
英語原文
10. ear is uncircumcised--closed against the precepts of God by the foreskin of carnality
(Le 26:41; Eze 44:7; Ac 7:51).
word . . . reproach--
(Jer 20:8).
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11. 耶和華……怒氣——即祂對猶大的譴責，已傳達給先知。
忍得困乏了——
(Jer 20:9)。
我要傾倒——或作命令式：神的命令（見
Jer 6:12)，
「傾倒出來」〔MAURER〕。
年老的……年紀老邁的——前者指漸漸老邁的人；後者指衰敗的老人〔MAURER〕
(Job 5:26； Isa 65:20)。
英語原文
11. fury of . . . Lord--His denunciations against Judah communicated to the prophet.
weary with holding in--
(Jer 20:9).
I will pour--or else imperative: the command of God (see
Jer 6:12),
"Pour it out" [MAURER].
aged . . . full of days--The former means one becoming old; the latter a decrepit old man [MAURER]
(Job 5:26; Isa 65:20).
12
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12. 正是摩西所威脅的、因不順從神而必有的刑罰
(De 28:30)。
歸與——即轉移。
英語原文
12. The very punishments threatened by Moses in the event of disobedience to God
(De 28:30).
turned--transferred.
13
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13.
(Jer 8:10； Isa 56:11； Mic 3:11)。
英語原文
13.
(Jer 8:10; Isa 56:11; Mic 3:11).
14
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14. 損——即屬靈的傷。
輕輕——視之為輕微的傷；或草率地，在毫無康健之處宣稱一切康健。
說——即先知和祭司
(Jer 6:13)。
他們本當警告百姓即將臨到的審判和悔改的必要，卻說無所畏懼。
平安了——包括健全。國家的道德狀態一切都健全，所以政治狀態也必平安
(Jer 4:10; 8:11; 14:13; 23:17； Eze 13:5, 10; 22:28)。
英語原文
14. hurt--the spiritual wound.
slightly--as if it were but a slight wound; or, in a slight manner, pronouncing all sound where there is no soundness.
saying--namely, the prophets and priests
(Jer 6:13).
Whereas they ought to warn the people of impending judgments and the need of repentance, they say there is nothing to fear.
peace--including soundness. All is sound in the nation's moral state, so all will be peace as to its political state
(Jer 4:10; 8:11; 14:13; 23:17; Eze 13:5, 10; 22:28).
15
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15. ROSENMULLER 譯作：「他們本當羞愧，因為……卻」云云；希伯來文動詞常表達的不是行動，而是執行它的責任
(Ge 20:9； Mal 2:7)。
MAURER 譯作：「他們必蒙羞，因為他們行了可憎的事；不（先知更正自己），他們毫不知恥」
(Jer 3:3; 8:12； Eze 3:7； Zep 3:5)。
跌倒的人——他們必與其餘注定傾覆的百姓一同傾覆，即我如今不再多言；我要執行報應〔CALVIN〕。
英語原文
15. ROSENMULLER translates, "They ought to have been ashamed, because . . . but," &c.; the Hebrew verb often expressing, not the action, but the duty to perform it
(Ge 20:9; Mal 2:7).
MAURER translates, "They shall be put to shame, for they commit abomination; nay (the prophet correcting himself), there is no shame in them"
(Jer 3:3; 8:12; Eze 3:7; Zep 3:5).
them that fall--They shall fall with the rest of their people who are doomed to fall, that is, I will now cease from words; I will execute vengeance [CALVIN].
16
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16. 取自迷路旅人的圖像——他們停下來詢問哪條是他們曾經走過、卻已偏離的正路。
古道——拜偶像和背道是現代之路；敬拜神才是古道。惡並非與善同時存在，而是從善而來的現代退化。離棄神，從真正的意義上說，根本不是一條「修築的路」
(Jer 18:15； Ps 139:24； Mal 4:4)。
安息——
(Isa 28:12； Mt 11:29)。
英語原文
16. Image from travellers who have lost their road, stopping and inquiring which is the right way on which they once had been, but from which they have wandered.
old paths--Idolatry and apostasy are the modern way; the worship of God the old way. Evil is not coeval with good, but a modern degeneracy from good. The forsaking of God is not, in a true sense, a "way cast up" at all
(Jer 18:15; Ps 139:24; Mal 4:4).
rest--
(Isa 28:12; Mt 11:29).
17
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17. 守望的人——先知，其職責在於宣告將臨的災禍，好引導百姓悔改（賽二十一11，五十八1；結三17；哈二1）。
英語原文
17. watchmen--prophets, whose duty it was to announce impending calamities, so as to lead the people to repentance
(Isa 21:11; 58:1; Eze 3:17; Hab 2:1).
18
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18. 會眾——與「列國」平行；故指被招聚的萬民，他們受邀作見證，看以色列人的悖逆何等大（耶六16-17），並證明他們理當受將要降下的嚴厲刑罰（耶六19）。
他們中間何所作為——即以色列人所行的作為（耶六16-17）[MAURER]。或作「將要加於他們的刑罰」[CALVIN]。
英語原文
18. congregation--parallel to "nations"; it therefore means the gathered peoples who are invited to be witnesses as to how great is the perversity of the Israelites
(Jer 6:16, 17),
and that they deserve the severe punishment about to be inflicted on them
(Jer 6:19).
what is among them--what deeds are committed by the Israelites
(Jer 6:16, 17)
[MAURER]. Or, "what punishments are about to be inflicted on them" [CALVIN].
19
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19.
(Isa 1:2)。
思想的果子——
(Pr 1:31)。
不聽從我的律法，棄絕了它——字面作「至於我的律法，他們棄絕了它」。同樣的句法見於
Ge 22:24。
英語原文
19.
(Isa 1:2).
fruit of . . . thoughts--
(Pr 1:31).
nor to my law, but rejected it--literally, "and (as to) My law they have rejected it." The same construction occurs in
Ge 22:24.
20
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20.
直譯為：「這對我有何意義，香來到我這裏？」
乳香……菖蒲——
(Isa 43:24; 60:6)。
若沒有內心和生活的順服，任何外在的禮儀都不能蒙神悅納
(Jer 7:21; Ps 50:7-9; Isa 1:11; Mic 6:6
等)。
馨香……香甜——形成反義對比。你們的香甜菖蒲在我並不香甜。即菖蒲。
英語原文
20.
Literally, "To what purpose is this to Me, that incense cometh to Me?"
incense . . . cane--
(Isa 43:24; 60:6).
No external services are accepted by God without obedience of the heart and life
(Jer 7:21; Ps 50:7-9; Isa 1:11; Mic 6:6,
&c.).
sweet . . . sweet--antithesis. Your sweet cane is not sweet to Me. The calamus.
21
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21. 絆腳石——猶太人敗亡的工具（參太二十一44；賽八14；彼前二8）。
神自己（「我」）將這些安置在可棄之人的面前
（詩六十九22；羅一28，十一9）。
父親……兒子……鄰舍……朋友——不分彼此地全然敗亡。
英語原文
21. stumbling-blocks--instruments of the Jews' ruin (compare
Mt 21:44; Isa 8:14; 1Pe 2:8).
God Himself ("I") lays them before the reprobate
(Ps 69:22; Ro 1:28; 11:9).
fathers . . . sons . . . neighbour . . . friend--indiscriminate ruin.
22
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22. 北方……地的四角——古人對北方所知甚少；因此稱之為地的極遠之處（希伯來文的「四角」當如此譯，
參
Isa 14:13)。
所指為迦勒底人
(Jer 1:15；5:15)。
值得注意的是，迦勒底人所加於錫安的同一災禍，如今被宣告為耶和華將反過來加於他們自己的報應
(Jer 50:41-43)。
英語原文
22. north . . . sides of the earth--The ancients were little acquainted with the north; therefore it is called the remotest regions (as the Hebrew for "sides" ought to be translated, see on
Isa 14:13)
of the earth. The Chaldees are meant
(Jer 1:15; 5:15).
It is striking that the very same calamities which the Chaldeans had inflicted on Zion are threatened as the retribution to be dealt in turn to themselves by Jehovah
(Jer 50:41-43).
23
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23. 如海——
(Isa 5:30)。
如戰士——不是說他們像戰士，因為他們本來就是戰士；而是「最完美地裝備如戰士」
[MAURER]。
英語原文
23. like the sea--
(Isa 5:30).
as men for war--not that they were like warriors, for they were warriors; but "arrayed most perfectly as warriors" [MAURER].
24
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24. 風聲——他們的傳聞。
英語原文
24. fame thereof--the report of them.
25
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25. 他向「錫安的女兒」（耶六23）說話，告誡耶路撒冷的居民不可出城外暴露於仇敵面前。
仇敵的刀劍——直譯「仇敵有劍」；仇敵有劍在手。
英語原文
25. He addresses "the daughter of Zion"
(Jer 6:23);
caution to the citizens of Jerusalem not to expose themselves to the enemy by going outside of the city walls.
sword of the enemy--literally, "there is a sword to the enemy"; the enemy hath a sword.
26
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26. 在灰中打滾——
(Jer 25:34； Mic 1:10)。
他們在悲哀中通常只是「把灰撒在頭上」，在灰中打滾意味着更進一步，即全身被灰覆蓋，如同在灰中滾過一般
(Eze 27:30)。
如喪獨生子——
(Am 8:10； Zec 12:10)。
哀號——直譯為「搥胸所發的哀號」。
英語原文
26. wallow . . . in ashes--
(Jer 25:34; Mic 1:10).
As they usually in mourning only "cast ashes on the head," wallowing in them means something more, namely, so entirely to cover one's self with ashes as to be like one who had rolled in them
(Eze 27:30).
as for an only son--
(Am 8:10; Zec 12:10).
lamentation--literally, "lamentation expressed by beating the breast."
27
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27. 高臺……堡壘——
（耶一18），
不如作「試驗者（和）探查者」。耶六27-30 以冶金學的比喻，耶和華在總結中確認先知的職分，而先知則總結他必須在其上工作的被棄百姓的描述。希伯來文「試驗者」（英譯本作「高臺」）源於一字根「試驗」金屬。「探查者」（英譯本作「堡壘」）源於阿拉伯文字根「目光敏銳」；或希伯來文字根「切割」，即將金屬與渣滓分開 [EWALD]。GESENIUS 如英譯本譯作「堡壘」，但這與前文的「試驗者」不相符。
英語原文
27. tower . . . fortress--
(Jer 1:18),
rather, "an assayer (and) explorer." By a metaphor from metallurgy in
Jer 6:27-30,
Jehovah, in conclusion, confirms the prophet in his office, and the latter sums up the description of the reprobate people on whom he had to work. The Hebrew for "assayer" (English Version, "tower") is from a root "to try" metals. "Explorer" (English Version, "fortress") is from an Arabic root, "keen-sighted"; or a Hebrew root, "cutting," that is, separating the metal from the dross [EWALD]. GESENIUS translates as English Version, "fortress," which does not accord with the previous "assayer."
28
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28. 極為悖逆的——直譯為「悖逆者中的悖逆者」，即最為悖逆，這是希伯來文表達最高級的方式。照樣，「勇士中的強者」即最強的
(Eze 32:21)。
見
Jer 5:23； Ho 4:16。
往來傳舌——
(Jer 9:4)。
「為誹謗的目的而四處走動」[MAURER]。
銅等等——即紅銅。牠和「鐵」是較為下賤和堅硬的金屬，用以表達猶大人墮落竝頑硬的性情
(Isa 48:4；60:17)。
英語原文
28. grievous revolters--literally, "contumacious of the contumacious," that is, most contumacious, the Hebrew mode of expressing a superlative. So "the strong among the mighty," that is, the strongest
(Eze 32:21).
See
Jer 5:23; Ho 4:16.
walking with slanders--
(Jer 9:4).
"Going about for the purpose of slandering" [MAURER].
brass, &c.--that is, copper. It and "iron" being the baser and harder metals express the debased and obdurate character of the Jews
(Isa 48:4; 60:17).
29
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29. 風箱……燒焦——所生的火力如此猛烈，連風箱本身都幾乎着火了。ROSENMULLER 譯得較差，他從一個希伯來文詞根譯為「喘息」或「噴氣」，指風箱被猛力鼓動時的聲音。
鉛——用以將較賤的金屬從銀中分離出來，如今則用水銀。換言之，已經盡了最大努力要在苦難的熔爐中煉淨以色列，卻歸徒然
(Jer 5:3； 1Pe 1:7)。
被火燒滅——在Ketiv（希伯來文正文）中，「燒滅」是從前面的「燒焦」補充出來的。若按 ROSENMULLER 譯為「喘息」，這就不能成立；必須讀作Keri（希伯來文旁註）的分詞法，才能得到「被火燒滅」。這也是支持譯作「燒焦」的一個論據。
鎔匠——即煉淨者。
惡人……未除掉——對應那全無好金屬可分離的渣滓，整塊都是渣滓。
英語原文
29. bellows . . . burned--So intense a heat is made that the very bellows are almost set on fire. ROSENMULLER translates not so well from a Hebrew root, "pant" or "snort," referring to the sound of the bellows blown hard.
lead--employed to separate the baser metal from the silver, as quicksilver is now used. In other words, the utmost pains have been used to purify Israel in the furnace of affliction, but in vain
(Jer 5:3; 1Pe 1:7).
consumed of the fire--In the Chetib, or Hebrew text, the "consumed" is supplied out of the previous "burned." Translating as ROSENMULLER, "pant," this will be inadmissible; and the Keri (Hebrew Margin) division of the Hebrew words will have to be read, to get "is consumed of the fire." This is an argument for the translation, "are burned."
founder--the refiner.
wicked . . . not plucked away--answering to the dross which has no good metal to be separated, the mass being all dross.
30
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繁體中文
30. 被棄的——合金太多的銀，完全無用
（賽一22）。
猶太人只配被棄絕。
英語原文
30. Reprobate--silver so full of alloy as to be utterly worthless
(Isa 1:22).
The Jews were fit only for rejection.
Jer 6:1-30.
錫安的仇敵預備向她爭戰：她的罪是原因
1. 便雅憫——耶路撒冷位於便雅憫支派境內，在此由欣嫩子谷與猶大支派隔開。該城雖部分由便雅憫人居住，部分由猶大人居住，他卻稱呼前者，因他們是他的同鄉。
吹角……提哥亞——Tikehu, Tekoa 構成諧音雙關。此為阿摩司的出生地。
伯哈基琳——《希伯來文》意為「葡萄園之屋」。它與提哥亞位於耶路撒冷以南數英里處。仇敵既從北方而來，周圍鄉間的居民自然會向南逃。山上的烽火信號便對逼近的危險發出警告。