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简体中文
英語原文
SECOND SERIES.
Job 18:1-21.
REPLY OF BILDAD.
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简体中文
2. 你们（ye）——指约伯另外两位朋友。比勒达责备他们所说不过是“言语”，即空洞的话；与“揣摩”相对，即要讲理，明智地思考这问题；然后我们再发言。
英語原文
2. ye--the other two friends of Job, whom Bildad charges with having spoken mere "words," that is, empty speeches; opposed to "mark," that is, come to reason, consider the question intelligently; and then let us speak.
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简体中文
3. 畜类（beasts）——暗指约伯先前所说的话（伯12:7；参赛1:3）。
可憎（vile）——更可能源自一希伯来字根，意为“堵塞”。“顽固”，正与第一平行句所暗示的愚顽相符[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]。我们为何要因你空泛的言语，在约伯和我们彼此眼前，都被当作没有悟性的人呢？（伯17:4、10）。
英語原文
3. beasts--alluding to what Job said
(Job 12:7;
so
Isa 1:3).
vile--rather from a Hebrew root, "to stop up." "Stubborn," answering to the stupidity implied in the parallel first clause [UMBREIT]. Why should we give occasion by your empty speeches for our being mutually reputed, in the sight of Job and one another, as unintelligent?
(Job 17:4, 10).
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4. 更当译作，转而对约伯说：“你这在怒中撕裂自己的人”（伯5:2）。
被弃绝？（be forsaken?）——变为荒凉。他在此暗指约伯论“磐石”崩塌的话（伯14:18、19），但应用不同。他刻薄地说“为你”。你若不像现在这样受罚，又像你不肯承受的那样，宇宙永恒的秩序便要被扰乱，地也必因未受报应的恶行而变为荒凉[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]。比勒达认定约伯是大罪人（伯8:3-6；赛24:5、6）。“那坚立如磐石的，难道会因你特别的缘故而被挪移吗？”
英語原文
4. Rather, turning to Job, "thou that tearest thyself in anger"
(Job 5:2).
be forsaken?--become desolate. He alludes here to Job's words as to the "rock," crumbling away
(Job 14:18, 19);
but in a different application. He says bitterly "for thee." Wert thou not punished as thou art, and as thou art unwilling to bear, the eternal order of the universe would be disturbed and the earth become desolate through unavenged wickedness [UMBREIT]. Bildad takes it for granted Job is a great sinner
(Job 8:3-6; Isa 24:5, 6).
"Shall that which stands fast as a rock be removed for your special accommodation?"
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5. 伯18:4所说的事断不会发生。神的命定不可更改，恶人的光（兴旺）终必熄灭。
他的火（his fire）——暗指阿拉伯人的好客之风：他们以在帐棚火堆旁欢迎客旅为荣，甚至点起火堆来引客旅前来。不虔敬的人必失去行这般好客的本钱。他的居所必黑暗荒凉！
英語原文
5. That
(Job 18:4)
cannot be. The decree of God is unalterable, the light (prosperity) of the wicked shall at length be put out.
his fire--alluding to Arabian hospitality, which prided itself on welcoming the stranger to the fire in the tent, and even lit fires to direct him to it. The ungodly shall be deprived of the means to show hospitality. His dwelling shall be dark and desolate!
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6. 灯（candle）——东方通常固定在天花板上的灯。那一带盛产油，灯整夜长明，如如今埃及仍如此；那里最穷的人宁可不吃也不可无夜灯（诗18:28）。灯熄灭是彻底荒凉的意象。
英語原文
6. candle--the lamp which in the East is usually fastened to the ceiling. Oil abounds in those regions, and the lamp was kept burning all night, as now in Egypt, where the poorest would rather dispense with food than the night lamp
(Ps 18:28).
To put out the lamp was an image of utter desolation.
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7. 力量的脚步（steps of his strength）——希伯来文作“他有力的脚步”。步伐稳健是健康的标记。脚步受拘束即不再能随意行动（箴4:12）。
自己的计谋（his own counsel）——计谋将成为他倾倒的工具（伯5:13）。
英語原文
7. steps of his strength--Hebrew, for "His strong steps." A firm step marks health. To be straitened in steps is to be no longer able to move about at will
(Pr 4:12).
his own counsel--Plans shall be the means of his fall
(Job 5:13).
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8. 他行走（he walketh upon）——更当译作：“他任凭自己进入网中”[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]。若保留英文译本（English Version），则当把“网罗”理解为上面盖着树枝与泥土的陷阱，一踩上去就塌陷（诗9:15；35:8）。
英語原文
8. he walketh upon--rather, "he lets himself go into the net" [UMBREIT]. If the English Version be retained, then understand "snare" to be the pitfall, covered over with branches and earth, which when walked upon give way
(Ps 9:15; 35:8).
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9. 贼（robber）——更当对应平行句中的“机槛”，译作：“绳套必把他紧紧抓住”[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]。
英語原文
9. robber--rather answering to "gin" in the parallel clause, "the noose shall hold him fast" [UMBREIT].
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11. 惊吓（Terrors）——本书屡屡提及（伯18:14；24:17等）。此处因恶良心而生的惊吓被拟人化。“玛歌珥·米撒·伯”（Magor-missabib，即“四面惊吓”）（耶20:3）。
催逼……脚（drive . . . to his feet）——更当译作：“紧追”（原文作“驱散”，哈3:14），紧贴“他的脚跟”（原文作“紧接着他的脚之后”，哈3:5；撒上25:42；希伯来文）。意象取自一位追赶并驱散敌人的征服者[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]。
英語原文
11. Terrors--often mentioned in this book
(Job 18:14; 24:17;
&c.). The terrors excited through an evil conscience are here personified. "Magor-missabib"
(Jer 20:3).
drive . . . to his feet--rather, "shall pursue" (literally, "scatter,"
Hab 3:14)
him close "at his heels" (literally, "immediately after his feet,"
Hab 3:5; 1Sa 25:42;
Hebrew). The image is that of a pursuing conqueror who scatters the enemy [UMBREIT].
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12. 希伯来文简练有力：“他的力量饿了”。
患难（destruction）——即大灾祸（箴1:27）。
在旁边预备好了（ready at his side）——近在手边要毁灭他（箴19:29）。
英語原文
12. The Hebrew is brief and bold, "his strength is hungry."
destruction--that is, a great calamity
(Pr 1:27).
ready at his side--close at hand to destroy him
(Pr 19:29).
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13. UMBREIT 以“他”代替“它”,即“在饥饿的狂怒中他要吞吃自己的身体”;或“自己的儿女”
(La 4:10)。
更宜译作:从
Job 18:12
而来的“毁灭”是“吞吃”的主语。
strength——更宜作“肢体”(字面为树的“枝子”)。
the first-born of death——充满诗意恐怖的拟人化。长子占首要地位
(Ge 49:3);
此处指死亡所生下最重(最致命)的疾病
(Isa 14:30;
“贫穷人的长子”——即最贫者)。阿拉伯人称热病为“死亡之女”。
英語原文
13. UMBREIT has "he" for "it," that is, "in the rage of hunger he shall devour his own body"; or, "his own children"
(La 4:10).
Rather, "destruction" from
Job 18:12
is nominative to "devour."
strength--rather, "members" (literally, the "branches" of a tree).
the first-born of death--a personification full of poetical horror. The first-born son held the chief place
(Ge 49:3);
so here the chiefest (most deadly) disease that death has ever engendered
(Isa 14:30;
"first-born of the poor"--the poorest). The Arabs call fever, "daughter of death."
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14. confidence——为父者赖以得享家庭幸福的一切,如儿女、财富等,暗指约伯所失。
rooted out——骤然被撕去;“it shall bring”——即“他必被带去”;或如 UMBREIT 更佳地译为:“你(神)必缓缓地带他去。”希伯来文意为“缓慢而庄严地行走。”不虔者眼中长久看见那可怕的死,至终被它所拘。这里暗指约伯的遭遇。“惊吓之王”非如外邦人的普路托——传说中的死者之君王——而是死亡,带着对不虔者的一切恐怖拟人化。
英語原文
14. confidence--all that the father trusted in for domestic happiness, children, fortune, &c., referring to Job's losses.
rooted out--suddenly torn away, it shall bring--that is, he shall be brought; or, as UMBREIT better has, "Thou (God) shalt bring him slowly." The Hebrew expresses, "to stride slowly and solemnly." The godless has a fearful death for long before his eyes, and is at last taken by it. Alluding to Job's case. The King of terrors, not like the heathen Pluto, the tabled ruler of the dead, but Death, with all its terrors to the ungodly, personified.
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15. It——“惊吓”必居住,等等;并非如 UMBREIT 所译“别人”,本节末句已否定此说。
none of his——这已不再属他。
brimstone——大概是将约伯所遭“神的火”
(Job 1:16)
之灾,与有罪之所多玛被火与硈磺所灭\n (Ge 19:24)作比较。
英語原文
15. It--"Terror" shall haunt, &c., and not as UMBREIT, "another," which the last clause of the verse disproves.
none of his--It is his no longer.
brimstone--probably comparing the calamity of Job by the "fire of God"
(Job 1:16)
to the destruction of guilty Sodom by fire and brimstone
(Ge 19:24).
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16. Roots——他自己。
branch——他的儿女\n (Job 8:12; 15:30; Mal 4:1)。
英語原文
16. Roots--himself.
branch--his children
(Job 8:12; 15:30; Mal 4:1).
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17. street——人在路上相遇时不再提他;更宜作“在田野”或“草场”;牧人不再提及他的名——一幅游牧生活的画面[UMBREIT]。
英語原文
17. street--Men shall not speak of him in meeting in the highways; rather, "in the field" or "meadow"; the shepherds shall no more mention his name--a picture from nomadic life [UMBREIT].
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18. light . . . darkness——存在——不存在。
英語原文
18. light . . . darkness--existence--nonexistence.
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19. nephew——(如\n Isa 14:22)。
但此字译作“孙”\n (Ge 21:23);
译作“亲属”。
英語原文
19. nephew--(so
Isa 14:22).
But it is translated "grandson"
(Ge 21:23);
translate "kinsman."
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20. after . . . before——更宜作:“在西方的人——在东方的人”;即所有的人;字面作“在后的——在前的”;因东方人在地理上以面向东(不像我们面向北),背向西;故前——东;后——北(如\n Zec 14:8)。
day——倾覆之日\n (Ob 12)。
affrighted——惊惶抓住\n (Job 21:6; Isa 13:8)。
英語原文
20. after . . . before--rather, "those in the West--those in the East"; that is, all people; literally, "those behind--those before"; for Orientals in geography turn with their faces to the east (not to the north as we), and back to the west; so that before--east; behind--north (so
Zec 14:8).
day--of ruin
(Ob 12).
affrighted--seized with terror
(Job 21:6; Isa 13:8).
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简体中文
21.
(Job 8:22,
旁记)。
英語原文
21.
(Job 8:22,
Margin).
第二轮。
伯18:1-21。
比勒达的答复