Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · Lamentations 第2章

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Lamentations 2章

1

La 2:1-22.

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繁體中文

哀 2:1-22。

Aleph(alef)。

1. 主何竟——本彙集的標題在此處

哀 4:1

亦重複出現。

在怒氣中……遮蔽——即以羞辱的黑暗遮蔽。

從天扔到……地上——

(太 11:23);

從極高的榮耀墜入極深的痛苦。

以色列的榮美——華美的聖殿

(詩 29:2;74:7;96:9, 邊註; 賽 60:7;64:11)。

他的腳凳——約櫃(比較

代上 28:2

與 詩 99:5;132:7)。

他們曾因約櫃過於誇口,勝過對那以約櫃為記號之神的誇口;如今他們覺得它不過是他的"腳凳",然而神曾俯允以此為用,對他們而言確曾是極大的榮耀。

英語原文

La 2:1-22.

Aleph.

1. How--The title of the collection repeated here, and in

La 4:1.

covered . . . with a cloud--that is, with the darkness of ignominy.

cast down from heaven unto . . . earth--

(Mt 11:23);

dashed down from the highest prosperity to the lowest misery.

beauty of Israel--the beautiful temple

(Ps 29:2; 74:7; 96:9,

Margin;

Isa 60:7; 64:11).

his footstool--the ark (compare

1Ch 28:2, with Ps 99:5; 132:7).

They once had gloried more in the ark than in the God whose symbol it was; they now feel it was but His "footstool," yet that it had been a great glory to them that God deigned to use it as such.

繁體中文

Beth(bet)。

2. 玷污——即將其交在褻瀆的敵人手中。比較

詩 89:39

"褻瀆了……冠冕"。

英語原文

Beth.

2. polluted--by delivering it into the hands of the profane foe. Compare

Ps 89:39,

"profaned . . . crown."

繁體中文

Gimel(gimel)。

3. 角——在東方為人額前所戴的飾物,是權能與威嚴的象徵

(撒上 2:10; 詩 132:17;

參

耶 48:25

註解)。

收回……右手——

(詩 74:11)。

神收回了祂從前所賜給他們的幫助。並非如韓德遜(Henderson)所言:"祂轉回自己(以色列的)的右手"

(詩 89:43)。

英語原文

Gimel.

3. horn--worn in the East as an ornament on the forehead, and an emblem of power and majesty

(1Sa 2:10; Ps 132:17;

see on

Jer 48:25).

drawn back . . . fight hand--

(Ps 74:11).

God has withdrawn the help which He before gave them. Not as HENDERSON, "He has turned back his (Israel's) right hand"

(Ps 89:43).

繁體中文

Daleth(dalet)。

4.

(賽 63:10)。

站立……右手——他站穩以便用右手如同仇敵一般攻擊。韓德遜(Henderson)認為這意象是指弓箭手穩住右手以瞄準。他不但收回了自己的幫助,更拿起了兵器攻擊以色列。

一切……眼所喜愛的——

(結 24:25)。

即一切因年幼、美貌與尊貴而顯赫的人。

在……帳幕中——指耶路撒冷的居所。

英語原文

Daleth.

4.

(Isa 63:10).

stood with . . . right hand--He took His stand so as to use His right hand as an adversary. HENDERSON makes the image to be that of an archer steadying his right hand to take aim. Not only did He withdraw His help, but also took arms against Israel.

all . . . pleasant to . . . eye--

(Eze 24:25).

All that were conspicuous for youth, beauty, and rank.

in . . . tabernacle--the dwellings of Jerusalem.

繁體中文

He(he)。

5. 仇敵——

(耶 30:14)。

悲哀哀號——原文中"憂愁與悲傷"在聲音上有相似的押韻,以加強效果

(伯 30:3, 希伯來文; 結 35:3, 邊註)。

英語原文

He.

5. an enemy--

(Jer 30:14).

mourning and lamentation--There is a play of similar sounds in the original, "sorrow and sadness," to heighten the effect

(Job 30:3,

Hebrew;

Eze 35:3,

Margin).

繁體中文

Vau(waw)。

6. 帳幕——更當譯作"他暴然拆毀了籬笆"(指他那分別為聖之地的籬笆,

詩 80:12;89:40; 賽 5:5),

如同園子的籬笆一般"[莫勒(Maurer)]。加爾文(Calvin)則支持英文譯本的譯法:"他的帳幕(即聖殿),如同(人拆去)園中的臨時草棚或窩棚一般。"

賽 1:8

與此相符

(伯 27:18)。

聚會之處——指聖殿與會堂

(詩 74:7, 8)。

節期——

(哀 1:4)。

英語原文

Vau.

6. tabernacle--rather, "He hath violently taken away His hedge (the hedge of the place sacred to Him,

Ps 80:12; 89:40; Isa 5:5),

as that of a garden" [MAURER]. CALVIN supports English Version, "His tabernacle (that is, temple) as (one would take away the temporary cottage or booth) of a garden."

Isa 1:8

accords with this

(Job 27:18).

places of . . . assembly--the temple and synagogues

(Ps 74:7, 8).

solemn feasts--

(La 1:4).

繁體中文

Zain(zayin)。

7. 他們在……耶和華的殿中……喧嚷,如在……節期一樣——仇敵在被攻取的聖殿中所發的勝利吶喊,與我們昔日在"嚴肅節期"在同一處所獻上的歡樂感恩,頗有幾分相似(但論其緣由,對比何等可悲!參

哀 2:22)。

英語原文

Zain.

7. they . . . made a noise in . . . house of . . . Lord, as in . . . feast--The foe's shout of triumph in the captured temple bore a resemblance (but oh, how sad a contrast as to the occasion of it!) to the joyous thanksgivings we used to offer in the same place at our "solemn feasts" (compare

La 2:22).

繁體中文

Cheth(het)。

8. 拉了……準繩——東方人不僅在建造時使用準繩,也在拆毀房屋時使用

(王下 21:13; 賽 34:11);

此處暗示他追討刑罰時毫不留情的嚴厲。

英語原文

Cheth.

8. stretched . . . a line--The Easterns used a measuring-line not merely in building, but in destroying edifices

(2Ki 21:13; Isa 34:11);

implying here the unsparing rigidness with which He would exact punishment.

繁體中文

Teth(tet)。

9. 她的城門不能阻擋仇敵進城,因為它們已被埋在瓦礫與泥土之下。

折斷……門閂——

(耶 51:30)。

她的王……在……外邦中——

(申 28:36)。

律法……不再有——

(代下 15:3)。

在神政之下,民事律與宗教律原為一。"神政一切法律的條例(先知性的與祭司性的)都不復存在了"

(詩 74:9; 結 7:26)。

英語原文

Teth.

9. Her gates cannot oppose the entrance of the foe into the city, for they are sunk under a mass of rubbish and earth.

broken . . . bars--

(Jer 51:30).

her king . . . among . . . Gentiles--

(De 28:36).

law . . . no more--

(2Ch 15:3).

The civil and religious laws were one under the theocracy. "All the legal ordinances (prophetical as well as priestly) of the theocracy, are no more"

(Ps 74:9; Eze 7:26).

繁體中文

Jod(yod)。

10.

(伯 2:12, 13)。

"長老"以自身的榜樣,引人一同哀慟。

處女——她們通常最在意修飾自己的容貌。

英語原文

Jod.

10.

(Job 2:12, 13).

The "elders," by their example, would draw the others to violent grief.

the virgins--who usually are so anxious to set off their personal appearances to advantage.

繁體中文

Caph(kaf)。

11. 肝……傾流等——即因古人以肝為情感的所在,故"我的情感盡都傾出、頹喪"云云。"肝"此處代指膽("膽汁",

伯 16:13; "肺腑",

詩 22:14),

即肝表面膽囊中所盛者,情感激動時便大量溢出。

昏厥——因飢餓的後果而暈倒。

英語原文

Caph.

11. liver is poured, &c.--that is, as the liver was thought to be the seat of the passions, "all my feelings are poured out and prostrated for," &c. The "liver," is here put for the bile ("gall,"

Job 16:13;

"bowels,"

Ps 22:14)

in a bladder on the surface of the liver, copiously discharged when the passions are agitated.

swoon--through faintness from the effects of hunger.

繁體中文

Lamed(lamed)。

12. 如受刺傷的人——飢荒與刀劍同樣致命

(耶 52:6)。

性命……傾注……母親的懷中——他們本能地轉向母親的懷抱,卻在那裡找不到奶,於是便彷彿"將性命呼出"到"她的懷中"。

英語原文

Lamed.

12. as the wounded--famine being as deadly as the sword

(Jer 52:6).

soul . . . poured . . . into . . . mothers bosom--Instinctively turning to their mother's bosom, but finding no milk there, they breathe out their life as it were "into her bosom."

繁體中文

Mem(mem)。

13. 我可用什麼話向你證明呢——我能拿出什麼作為見證或例證,證明別人曾受過像你那樣深重的災禍呢?我不能像安慰哀哭之人那樣,把你的遭遇指給別人看,告訴他們這也是別人所受的,從而安慰你。惟有"海"因它無邊無際的廣袤與深邃,才能作為你苦難的合適象徵

(哀 1:12; 但 9:12)。

英語原文

Mem.

13. What thing shall I take to witness--What can I bring forward as a witness, or instance, to prove that others have sustained as grievous ills as thou? I cannot console thee as mourners are often consoled by showing that thy lot is only what others, too, suffer. The "sea" affords the only suitable emblem of thy woes, by its boundless extent and depth

(La 1:12; Da 9:12).

繁體中文

Nun(nun)。

14. 你的先知——不是神的先知

(耶 23:26)。

虛幻……為你——為迎合你的口味,不是為真理,而是為虛謊之事。

未顯露你的罪孽——與神對真先知的吩咐相悖

(賽 58:1)。

直譯為"他們沒有揭去(蒙在你罪孽上的)帕子,好把它擺在你面前"。

重擔——他們的預言原是安撫阿諛之辭;但其結果對百姓卻是沉重的災禍,甚至比他們所譏誚地稱為"重擔"的耶利米之預言所警告的更甚。因此耶利米稱他們假冒的預言為"假重擔",這些對猶太人而言成了"被擄的原因"[加爾文(Calvin)]。

英語原文

Nun.

14. Thy prophets--not God's

(Jer 23:26).

vain . . . for thee--to gratify thy appetite, not for truth, but for false things.

not discovered thine iniquity--in opposition to God's command to the true prophets

(Isa 58:1).

Literally, "They have not taken off (the veil) which was on thine iniquity, so as to set it before thee."

burdens--Their prophecies were soothing and flattering; but the result of them was heavy calamities to the people, worse than even what the prophecies of Jeremiah, which they in derision called "burdens," threatened. Hence he terms their pretended prophecies "false burdens," which proved to the Jews "causes of their banishment" [CALVIN].

繁體中文

Samech(samek)。

15. 拍……掌——出於嗤笑

(伯 27:23;34:37)。

搖……頭——

(王下 19:21; 詩 44:14)。

全美的……全地所喜樂的——

(詩 48:2;50:2)。

猶太人的仇敵引用他們自己的話來譏誚他們。

英語原文

Samech.

15. clap . . . hands--in derision

(Job 27:23; 34:37).

wag . . . head--

(2Ki 19:21; Ps 44:14).

perfection of beauty . . . joy of . . . earth--

(Ps 48:2; 50:2).

The Jews' enemies quote their very words in scorn.

繁體中文

Pe(pe)。

16, 17. 關於希伯來文字母次序的顛倒(Pe 與 Ain,

哀 2:16, 17),

參引言。

張……口——如咆哮吞食的野獸

(伯 16:9, 10; 詩 22:13)。

耶路撒冷在此為彌賽亞的預表。

切……齒——出於報復的惡意。

我們已經看見了——

(詩 35:21)。

英語原文

Pe.

16, 17. For the transposition of Hebrew letters (Pe and Ain,

La 2:16, 17)

in the order of verses, see

Introduction.

opened . . . mouth--as ravening, roaring wild beasts

(Job 16:9, 10; Ps 22:13).

Herein Jerusalem was a type of Messiah.

gnash . . . teeth--in vindictive malice.

we have seen it--

(Ps 35:21).

繁體中文

Ain(ayin)。

17. 主——不要讓仇敵誇口,彷彿這是他們所作的。乃是"主"為猶大的罪,借他眾先知所發的威嚇在此得以成全

(利 26:16-25; 申 28:36-48, 53; 耶 19:9)。

英語原文

Ain.

17. Lord--Let not the foe exult as if it was their doing. It was "the Lord" who thus fulfilled the threats uttered by His prophets for the guilt of Judea

(Le 26:16-25; De 28:36-48, 53; Jer 19:9).

繁體中文

Tzaddi(tsade)。

18. 城牆——

(哀 2:8)。

此處為擬人化。"他們的心",即猶太人的心;他們的心向主舉心禱告時,口中所說的話卻是對"城牆"說的(以部分代全城)。

流淚等——

(耶 14:17)。

城牆被呼籲為自己及全城的傾覆而流淚。比較類似的擬人化

(哀 1:4)。

眼目——指眼睛的瞳人

(詩 17:8)。

英語原文

Tzaddi.

18. wall--

(La 2:8).

Personified. "Their heart," that is, the Jews'; while their heart is lifted up to the Lord in prayer, their speech is addressed to the "wall" (the part being put for the whole city).

let tears, &c.--

(Jer 14:17).

The wall is called on to weep for its own ruin and that of the city. Compare the similar personification

(La 1:4).

apple--the pupil of the eye

(Ps 17:8).

繁體中文

Koph(qoph)。

19. 在……夜間呼求——

(詩 119:147)。

每更開頭——即古人將夜間分為三等分(每段四小時)中的第一更;從日落直到晚上十時。第二更稱為"中更"

(士 7:19),

從十時到次日凌晨二時。第三更稱為"晨更",從二時到日出

(出 14:24; 撒上 11:11)。

後來在羅馬治下,他們改分四更

(太 14:25; 路 12:38)。

為……你的……孩童——求神縱然不肯顧惜你,至少保守"你的幼童"。

街頭——

(賽 51:20; 鴻 3:10)。

英語原文

Koph.

19. cry . . . in . . . night--

(Ps 119:147).

beginning of . . . watches--that is, the first of the three equal divisions (four hours each) into which the ancient Jews divided the night; namely, from sunset to ten o'clock. The second was called "the middle watch"

(Jud 7:19),

from ten till two o'clock. The third, "the morning watch," from two to sunrise

(Ex 14:24; 1Sa 11:11).

Afterwards, under the Romans, they had four watches

(Mt 14:25; Lu 12:38).

for . . . thy . . . children--that God, if He will not spare thee, may at least preserve "thy young children."

top of . . . street--

(Isa 51:20; Na 3:10).

繁體中文

Resh(resh)。

20. 婦人吃……果子——正如所警告的

(利 26:29; 申 28:53, 56, 57; 耶 19:9)。

孩童……一拃長——或作"他們抱在懷中的孩童"[莫勒(Maurer)]。

英語原文

Resh.

20. women eat . . . fruit--as threatened

(Le 26:29; De 28:53, 56, 57; Jer 19:9).

children . . . span long--or else, "children whom they carry in their arms" [MAURER].

繁體中文

Schin(sin)。

21.

(代下 36:17)。

英語原文

Schin.

21.

(2Ch 36:17).

繁體中文

Tau(taw)。

22. 你招聚……如招聚……節期……驚嚇——你從四面八方召喚我的仇敵來攻擊我,正如從前在嚴肅的節期,眾人聚集到耶路撒冷一樣。仇敵聚集的目的與節期眾人聚集的目的,構成可悲的對比。參

哀 1:15:

"招聚大會攻擊我"。

英語原文

Tau.

22. Thou hast called as in . . . solemn day . . . terrors--Thou hast summoned my enemies against me from all quarters, just as multitudes used to be convened to Jerusalem, on the solemn feast days. The objects, for which the enemies and the festal multitude respectively met, formed a sad contrast. Compare

La 1:15:

"called an assembly against me."